List of Sufi orders

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The following is a list of notable Sufi orders or schools ( tariqa ).

Contents

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D

G

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I

J

K

M

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Q

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Other Sufi groups

Unorthodox or Pseudo-Sufi groups

See also

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sufism</span> Body of mystical practice within Islam

Sufism, also known as Tasawwuf, is a mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic purification, spirituality, ritualism, asceticism, and esotericism. It has been variously defined as "Islamic mysticism", "the mystical expression of Islamic faith", "the inward dimension of Islam", "the phenomenon of mysticism within Islam", the "main manifestation and the most important and central crystallization" of mystical practice in Islam, and "the interiorization and intensification of Islamic faith and practice".

<i>Tariqa</i> School or order of Sufism

A tariqa is a school or order of Sufism, or specifically a concept for the mystical teaching and spiritual practices of such an order with the aim of seeking haqiqa, which translates as "ultimate truth".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chishti Order</span> Sufi mystic order in Islam

The Chishtī Order is a tariqa, an order or school within the mystic Sufi tradition of Sunni Islam. The Chishti Order is known for its emphasis on love, tolerance, and openness. It began with Abu Ishaq Shami in Chisht, circa 930 AD in a small town near Herat, a strategic city in then Eastern Persia, which later became independent and then part of Afghanistan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mu'in al-Din Chishti</span> Persian Sufi Chishtiyya order mystic (1143–1236)

Chishtī Muʿīn al-Dīn Ḥasan Sijzī (1143–1236), known more commonly as Muʿīn al-Dīn Chishtī or Moinuddin Chishti, or by the epithet Gharib Nawaz, or reverently as Shaykh Muʿīn al-Dīn or Khwāja Muʿīn al-Dīn, was a Sunni Muslim preacher, ascetic, religious scholar, philosopher and mystic from Sistan, who eventually ended up settling in the Indian subcontinent in the early 13th-century, where he promulgated the famous Chishtiyya order of Sunni mysticism. This particular tariqa (order) became the dominant Islamic spiritual order in medieval India. Most of the Indian Sunni saints are Chishti in their affiliation, including Nizamuddin Awliya and Amir Khusrow.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Khalwati order</span> Sufi mystic order in Sunni Islam

The Khalwati order is an Islamic Sufi brotherhood (tariqa). Along with the Naqshbandi, Qadiri, and Shadhili orders, it is among the most famous Sufi orders. The order takes its name from the Arabic word khalwa, meaning “method of withdrawal or isolation from the world for mystical purposes.”

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shadhili</span> Sufi mystic order in Sunni Islam

The Shadhili Order is a tariqah or Sufi order. The Shadhili order was founded by Abu al-Hasan al-Shadhili in the 13th century and is followed by millions of people around the world. Many followers of the Shadhili Order are known as Shadhilis, and a single follower is known as Shadhili.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Qadiriyya</span> Iranian-origin Sufi order of Sunni Islam

The Qadiriyya are members of the Sunni Qadiri tariqa. The tariqa got its name from Abdul Qadir Gilani, who was a Hanbali scholar from Gilan, Iran. The order relies strongly upon adherence to the fundamentals of Sunni Islamic law.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sufi philosophy</span> Philosophy in Sufism

Sufi philosophy includes the schools of thought unique to Sufism, the mystical tradition within Islam, also termed as Tasawwuf or Faqr according to its adherents. Sufism and its philosophical tradition may be associated with both Sunni and Shia branches of Islam. It has been suggested that Sufi thought emerged from the Middle East in the eighth century CE, but adherents are now found around the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Darqawiyya</span> Sufi mystic order in Sunni Islam

The Darqawiyya or Darqawi Sufi order is a revivalist branch of the Shadhiliyah brotherhood which originated in Morocco. The Darqawa comprised the followers of Sheikh Muhammad al-Arabi al-Darqawi (1760–1823) of Morocco. The movement, which became one of the leading Sufi orders (tariqa) in Morocco, exalted poverty and asceticism. It gained widespread support among the rural inhabitants and the urban lower classes. Its popularity was increased by its use of musical instruments in its rituals. In both Morocco and Algeria the Darqawiyya were involved in political activities and protest movements.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ahmad al-Alawi</span> Algerian Sufi and Alawiyya order founder (1869–1934)

Ahmad al-Alawi, in full Abū al-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Muṣṭafā ibn ʿAlīwa, known as al-ʿAlāwī al-Mustaghānimī, was an Algerian Sufi Sheikh who founded his own Sufi order, called the Alawiyya.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ba 'Alawiyya</span> Sufi mystic order in Sunni Islam

The Ba'Alawi tariqa, also known as the Tariqa Ba Alawiyya is a Sufi order centered in Hadhramawt, Yemen, but now spread across the Indian Ocean rim along with the Hadhrami diaspora. The order is closely tied to the Ba'Alawi sadah family.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sufism in India</span> History of Islamic mysticism in India

Sufism has a history in India evolving for over 1,000 years. The presence of Sufism has been a leading entity increasing the reaches of Islam throughout South Asia. Following the entrance of Islam in the early 8th century, Sufi mystic traditions became more visible during the 10th and 11th centuries of the Delhi Sultanate and after it to the rest of India. A conglomeration of four chronologically separate dynasties, the early Delhi Sultanate consisted of rulers from Turkic and Afghan lands. This Persian influence flooded South Asia with Islam, Sufi thought, syncretic values, literature, education, and entertainment that has created an enduring impact on the presence of Islam in India today. Sufi preachers, merchants and missionaries also settled in coastal Gujarat through maritime voyages and trade.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ahamed Muhyudheen Noorishah Jeelani</span> Chishtiyya - Nooriya Sufi order mystic

Sheikh Noor Ul Mashaikh Sayyid Ahmed Muhiyuddin Jeelani NooriShah Arabic:, known more commonly as NooriShah Jeelani, was a renowned 20th-century muslim, sufi, wali, mystic, orator, faqeeh, theologian, mujaddid and highly acclaimed Islamic scholar of the Qadri, Chisti order from the Indian sub continent. He was the 21st grand son of the famous Sufi saint Ghous-e-Azam Sheikh Mohiyudheen Abdul Qadir Jilani of Baghdad. He was also widely known by his title Noor-ul-Mashaikh. He was the Eponymous founder of the Silsila-e-Nooriya tariqa which is a sub-branch of Qadiriyya and Chistiyya in India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sufism in Bangladesh</span> Sufi tradition in Bangladesh

Sufism in Bangladesh is more or less similar to that in the whole Indian subcontinent. India, it is claimed, is one of the five great centers of Sufism, the other four being Persia, Baghdad, Syria, and North Africa. Sufi saints flourished in Hindustan (India) preaching the mystic teachings of Sufism that easily reached the common people, especially the spiritual truth seekers in India. Sufism in Bangladesh is also called pirism, after the pirs or teachers in the Sufi tradition.

Western Sufism, sometimes identified with Universal Sufism, Neo-Sufism, and Global Sufism, consists of a spectrum of Western European and North American manifestations and adaptations of Sufism, the mystical dimension of Islam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Salihiyya</span> Sufi mystic order in Sunni Islam

Salihiyya is a tariqa (order) of Sufi Islam prevalent in Somalia and the adjacent Somali region of Ethiopia. It was founded in the Sudan by Sayyid Muhammad Salih (1854-1919). The order is characterized by a puritanism typical of other revivalist movements.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sufism in Jordan</span> Sufi tradition in Jordan

Sufism, or Taṣawwuf, variously defined as "Islamic mysticism", or, the inward dimension of Islam, is the primary manifestation of mystical practice in Islam. Jordan is considered by many Sufis to be "a spiritual center and a fertile environment for Sufism," at least in part due to the fact that many of the narratives from the Qur’an take place within its modern borders. Many of the Sufis in Jordan today belong to one of six main orders or tariqa: Qadiri, Naqshbandi, Rifa'i, Shadhili, Khalwati, and Tijani. The oral history of Sufi practice in northern Jordan goes back at least as far as the 13th century, and was "documented as early as the 16th century in Ottoman tax registers." Sufism in modern-day Jordan remained prominent through the mid-20th century.

Up until the era of independence, Sufi orders and popular forms of Sufi religiosity dominated the religious scene, with other Islamic movements and groups beginning to emerge only later as branches of other groups already established outside the boundaries of the Hashemite Kingdom.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sufism in Algeria</span> Sufism in Algeria

Sufism is considered as an essential part of Islam In Algeria. Sufism was fought and oppressed by the Salafists, and now is again regaining its importance as it was there before Algerian Civil War. Sufis have a considerable influence on both urban and rural society of Algeria. Sufism is the part of Algeria as long as 1400 years ago, so recognised as "Home of Sufi Marabouts". Most of the people in Algeria are the followers and murids of Sufism. Sufism has shaped Algerian society and politics for much of the country's history. Today, very few are aware of this legacy. Might the Sufis now provide an important contribution to the stability of the country.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wazifa</span> Recitation of Quran and Dhikr in Islam

In Sufism, the wazifa is a regular litany practiced by followers and comprising Quranic verses, hadiths of supplication and various Duas.

References

  1. Hanif, N. (2002). Biographical Encyclopaedia of Sufis: Africa and Europe. New Delhi: Sarup & Sons. ISBN   978-81-7625-267-6.
  2. Knysh, Alexander (2010). Islamic Mysticism: A Short History. Leiden: Brill. ISBN   978-90-04-19462-5.
  3. Abdul Gafoor, M.S.M. (1999-12-05). souvenir of Qadiriyatun Nabaviyyah Takkiya Malwaththa Malwana. p. 31.
  4. Hanif, N. (2002). Biographical Encyclopaedia of Sufis: Africa and Europe. New Delhi: Sarup & Sons. ISBN   978-81-7625-267-6.
  5. Piga, Adriana (2006). Les voies du soufisme au sud du Sahara (in French). Paris: Éditions Karthala. ISBN   978-2-84586-801-4.
  6. Piraino, Francesco; Sedgwick, Mark (2019). Global Sufism: Boundaries, Narratives and Practices. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN   978-1-78738-134-6.
  7. "The Hidden Owaisi Treasure".

Further reading