List of accidents and incidents involving the Lockheed Constellation

Last updated

The Lockheed Constellation ("Connie") was a propeller-driven airliner powered by four 18-cylinder radial Wright R-3350 engines. It was built by Lockheed between 1943 and 1958 at its Burbank, California, US, facility. A total of 856 aircraft were produced in four models, all distinguished by a triple-tail design and dolphin-shaped fuselage. The Constellation was used as a civilian airliner and as a U.S. military air transport, seeing service in the Berlin Airlift. It was the presidential aircraft for U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower.

Contents

Accidents and incidents

Like every other major type in long service and operation, accidents and incidents have been recorded that have substantially reduced the numbers flying. The following list is typical of such a record of operational use. The fatalities listed below only include those who were on board Lockheed Constellations.

1943–1949

DateType Call sign FlightFatalitiesInfo
September 18, 1945 C-69 42-94551—NoneAircraft was damaged beyond repair after a wheels up landing following engine problems at Topeka, Kansas, United States. [1]
1946C-6943-10314—NoneAircraft was damaged beyond repair after ditching in the Mediterranean Sea; the War Assets Administration aircraft was sold to the French government for parts and given the temporary registration of F-BECA and used to repair Air France L-749 c/n 2512 after it was damaged by fire in 1949 and BOAC L-049 Constellation c/n 1980 after a 1951 accident. [2]
March 29, 1946 L-049 NC86510 TWA Flight 955NoneRan off the runway on landing at National Airport, Washington, DC due to crew error; all 12 on board survived, but the aircraft was written off. [3]
June 18, 1946L-049NC88858Pan Am Flight 100NoneBelly landed at Willimantic, Connecticut after a failure and fire in the number four engine; all 52 on board survived. The aircraft was repaired and returned to service, but was lost in the crash of Pan Am Flight 1-10 in 1948. [4]
July 11, 1946L-049NC86513 TWA Flight 513 5Crashed near Reading, Pennsylvania after an in-flight fire, killing five of the six crew on board.
September 24, 1946L-049NC88831—NoneCrashed on landing at Shannon Airport after the landing gear was raised in mistake for the flaps; all 36 on board survived, but the aircraft was written off. [5]
October 12, 1946L-049NC86512—NoneRan off the runway on landing at New Castle County Airport due to pilot error. The airplane was being ferried from New York to Wilmington with eight crew on board of whom all survived. The aircraft was written off. [6]
December 28, 1946L-049NC86505 TWA Flight 6963 9Crashed while attempting to land at Shannon Airport, Ireland due to altimeter failure. Nine of the 23 people on board were killed.
March 10, 1947Un­known——1TWA Constellation "Star of Hollywood" experienced sudden decompression during a transatlantic flight from New York City to Geneva, Switzerland. The aircraft had stopped at Gander to refuel and take on passengers and crew; it was 500 miles into the leg to Shannon, Ireland, at an altitude of 19,000 ft. when the astrodome (a clear plastic bubble on the top of the fuselage) shattered. Navigator George Hart, who was under the astrodome making a sextant measurement at the time, was sucked out of the aircraft over the North Atlantic. The aircraft returned to Gander and passengers continued the flight on a replacement aircraft. [7] Within a few weeks, TWA responded to the accident by equipping navigators on transatlantic flights with a safety harness; on aircraft used for domestic flights, a 1/4-inch aluminum plate was installed under the astrodome (only transatlantic flights used the astrodome for navigation). [8]
May 11, 1947L-049NC86508—4Crashed near the Brandywine Shoal lighthouse, Cape May, New Jersey, at 8:45 a.m. EST while conducting practice emergency landing procedures, killing Capt. Patrick McKeirnan and the three remaining crew on board. [9] The cause was traced to an unexplained loss of control.
June 19, 1947L-049NC88845 Pan Am Flight 121 15Crashed near Mayadin, Syria on a flight originating in New York and making its inaugural westbound flight of round-the-world service. The aircraft's No. 1 engine failed halfway on a leg from Karachi to Istanbul. Due to closed airports and inadequate repair facilities, the pilot chose to continue to its destination. Several hours later, the remaining engines overheated and the No. 2 engine caught fire and ultimately separated from the aircraft, necessitating a crash landing near Habbaniya RAF Station on Iraq/Syria border at about 01:40L. Probable cause of the accident was a fire which resulted from an attempt to feather the No. 2 (port inboard) propeller after the failure of the No. 2 engine thrust bearing. Gene Roddenberry (creator of Star Trek) was a deadheading Pan Am pilot aboard who helped rescue many of the passengers. Fifteen of the 36 people on board were killed. [10] [11]
November 18, 1947L-049NC86507—5Crashed short of the runway at New Castle County Airport during a training flight due to pilot error, killing the five crew. [12]
January 21, 1948 L-649 NC111A EAL Flight 604NoneCrashed on landing at Logan International Airport due to snow on the runway; all 25 on board survived, but the aircraft was written off. [13]
February 7, 1948L-649NC112AEAL Flight 6111Suffered a failure of the number three propeller and blade separation in the Atlantic 156 mi off Brunswick, Georgia three hours after takeoff. A portion of the blade penetrated the fuselage, severing engine controls, electrical wires and control cables as well as killing a crew member when the blade cut through the floor. The front portion of the number three engine later fell off. Despite a loss of control of one engine and a complete loss of another, the aircraft was able to land safely at West Palm Beach Airport. Although the aircraft was substantially damaged, it was repaired, rebuilt to L-749A standard and returned to service, but was written off after a 1955 crash. The cause of the incident was the failure of the number three propeller caused by high stress brought on by repetitive engine malfunctioning. [14]
April 15, 1948L-049NC88858 Pan Am Flight 1-10 30Crashed attempting to land at Shannon Airport, Ireland. Thirty of the 31 people on board were killed. [15]
October 20, 1948L-049 PH-TEN —40Crashed near Prestwick Airport, Scotland, killing all 40 passengers and crew on board. The aircraft was circling below low cloud for a visual approach to Prestwick and hit high tension powerlines that were not on the Dutch visual approach map the crew had been issued.
November 25, 1948L-049NC90824TWA Flight 211NoneCrashed on landing at Los Angeles Municipal Airport due to poor visibility; all 23 on board survived, but the aircraft was written off. [16]
January 30, 1949 L-749 NC86530 Pan Am Flight 100 None [lower-alpha 1] Collided with a private Cessna 140 over Port Washington, New York; the Cessna crashed, killing both pilots on board; the Constellation landed safely with no casualties. [17]
June 23, 1949L-749PH-TER—33Crashed off Bari, Italy due to a loss of control and in-flight breakup, killing all 33 passengers and crew on board. [18]
July 12, 1949L-749PH-TDF—45Crashed near Bombay, India due to pilot errors, killing all 45 passengers and crew on board. [19]
October 28, 1949L-749F-BAZN Air France Flight 009 48Crashed into Pico da Vara (São Miguel Island, Azores), all 11 crew members and 37 passengers on board died, including French boxer Marcel Cerdan and the famous French violinist Ginette Neveu, while approaching the intermediate stop airport at Santa Maria.
December 18, 1949L-049NC86501TWA Flight 154NoneRan off the runway while landing at Midway Airport due to pilot error; all 31 on board survived. The aircraft was extensively damaged in the crash, but was repaired and returned to service. [20]

1950–1959

DateType Call sign FlightFatalitiesInfo
July 28, 1950 L-049 PP-PCG PDB Flight 09951Crashed on the Chapéu Hill ( 29°50′12.25″S51°6′18.03″W / 29.8367361°S 51.1050083°W / -29.8367361; -51.1050083 ) near Porto Alegre-Canoas (Gravataí) Air Force Base after an aborted landing, killing 44 passengers and 7 crew. [21] [22] [23]
August 31, 1950 L-749 N6004C TWA Flight 903 55Crashed near Wadi Natrun, Egypt while attempting an emergency landing after an engine fire, killing all 55 people on board in the worst-ever accident involving the L-749.
November 3, 1950L-749VT-CQP Air India Flight 245 48Crashed into Mont Blanc while flying on the Bombay-Cairo-Geneva-London route, all 40 passengers and eight crew on board were killed.
November 18, 1950L-049NC86511—NoneOverran the runway on landing at Long Beach Airport following double engine failure; all 60 on board survived. The aircraft was repaired and returned to service, but was lost in the crash of TWA Flight 529 in 1961. [24]
March 19, 1951L-049N91202TWA Flight 59NoneLanded wheels-up at Sky Harbor International Airport due to pilot error; all 34 passengers survived. The aircraft was repaired and returned to service. [25]
June 22, 1951L-049N88846 Pan Am Flight 151 40Crashed into terrain near Sanoyea, Liberia due to pilot error, killing all 40 on board.
July 19, 1951L-749N119A EAL Flight 601NoneSuffered severe buffeting after an access door opened in flight. A flapless wheels-up landing was made at Curles Neck Farm, Virginia. The aircraft was later repaired and returned to service, but was written off after a 1953 crash. [26]
March 23, 1952L-749PH-TFF—NoneCrashed on landing at Bangkok, Thailand, all 44 passengers and crew on board survived. Shortly before landing, a blade on the No. 3 propeller broke off, causing failure of the engine and resultant fire. The fire also caused the right main landing gear to collapse when the aircraft landed. [27]
January 22, 1953L-049N38936—0Burned out following a belly landing at Lockheed Air Terminal during a test flight. [28] [29]
June 17, 1953L-049PP-PDA—17Crashed while on approach to Congonhas Airport at night in poor visibility due to crew error, killing all 17 on board. [30]
July 7, 1953 R7V-1 128440—6Crashed near Chestertown, Maryland after the tail separated in flight, killing all six on board. [31]
August 3, 1953L-749— Air France Flight 152 4Ditched 6 miles from Fetiye Point, Turkey, 1.5 miles offshore into the Mediterranean Sea during the Rome–Beirut leg of a Paris–Rome–Beirut–Tehran passenger service. Violent vibrations following an unexplained fracture of a propeller blade caused engine number three to break away, and control of engine number four was also lost. Vibrations continued with loss of altitude. The crew of eight and all but four of the 34 passengers were rescued. The wreckage was discovered by the Turkish Navy in 2018 in 842 feet of water. [32]
September 1, 1953L-749F-BAZZ Air France Flight 178 42Crashed into Mont Le Cimet due to an unexplained course change, killing all 42 passengers and crew on board, including French violinist Jacques Thibaud.
September 6, 1953L-1049N6214CNWA Flight 8NoneSwerved off the runway on landing at McChord AFB after the landing gear did not fully extend due to hydraulic failure; all 32 on board survived. [33]
October 19, 1953L-749N119A—2Crashed on takeoff from Idlewild International Airport. Two passengers were killed. [34]
February 5, 1954RC-121C51-3838NWA Flight 8NoneDitched in San Pablo Bay, California in thick fog; all 13 crew survived. [35]
March 13, 1954L-749 G-ALAM —33Crashed short of the runway at Kallang Airport as a result of pilot fatigue, killing 33 of 40 on board.
August 3, 1954 L-1049C F-BGNAAir France Flight 175NoneBelly-landed in a field near Preston, Connecticut due to fuel exhaustion after diverting to Boston due to bad weather; all 37 passengers and crew on board survived, but the aircraft was written off. [36]
August 9, 1954L-749HK-163—30Crashed just after takeoff from Lajes Airport due to pilot error, killing all 30 on board. [37]
August 25, 1954L-749F-BAZI—NoneOverran the runway on landing at Gander Airport; all 67 on board survived, but the aircraft was written off. [38]
September 5, 1954L-1049CPH-LKY KLM Flight 633 28Crashed on takeoff from Shannon, Ireland, killing 28 of the passengers.
October 30, 1954 C-121 128441 USN Flight 5742 Disappeared 350 miles off Maryland with 42 passengers and crew. [39] Search for plane had to be suspended because of extreme weather.
December 9, 1954WV-2131387—NoneCrashed, skidded and burned following a hard landing. [40]
December 17, 1954L-1049ECF-TGG—NoneCrashed in a field at Brampton, Ontario, Canada while on approach to Malton Airport due to pilot negligence; all 23 on board survived, including the pilot, who later died in a 1957 crash. [41]
January 17, 1955C-121J131639—13Crashed in the Atlantic off Stephenville, Canada due to double engine failure, killing all 13 on board. [42]
April 11, 1955L-749 VT-DEP —16Bombed in mid-air and crashed off the Great Natuna Islands; 16 of the 19 on board died.
June 16, 1955 L-149 PP-PDJ PDB Flight 26316Hit a 12m tree while on final approach to land at Asunción. Part of the wing broke off, the aircraft crashed and caught fire. 16 out of 24 passengers and crew aboard died. [43] [44]
July 27, 1955L-1494X-AKC El Al Flight 402 58Shot down over Bulgarian airspace, killing all aboard, seven crew and 51 passengers in the worst-ever accident involving the L-149.
December 17, 1955L-749F-BAZG—Un­knownCrashed and burned on takeoff from Maison Blanche Airport. [45]
December 21, 1955L-749N112AEAL Flight 64217Crashed while on approach to Thomas Cole Imeson Municipal Airport in Jacksonville, killing all 17 on board. [46]
June 20, 1956L-1049YV-C-AMS LAV Flight 253 74Crashed 41 mi off New York after breaking up due to a possible in-flight explosion, killing all 74 on board.
June 30, 1956L-1049N6902C TWA Flight 2 70 [lower-alpha 2] Struck by United Airlines Flight 718 (a Douglas DC-7) over the Grand Canyon. It broke apart and crashed; 70 people on board died. Flight 718 crashed nearby, resulting in the deaths of 58 on board.
September 17, 1956WV-3137893—NoneDitched 100 mi south of Guam after all four engines failed while returning from a weather reconnaissance flight; all 18 crew survived and were rescued a few hours later. [47]
November 27, 1956L-749YV-C-AMA LAV Flight 253 [lower-alpha 3] 25Crashed on Mt Naiguata in Venezuela. All 25 passengers and crew on board were killed. [48]
December 30, 1956C-121C54-0165—12Crashed while on approach to Dhahran International Airport in poor visibility, killing 12 of 38 on board. GCA was reportedly not working at the time of the crash. [49]
April 17, 1957WV-2141314—NoneCrashed and burned at NAS Argentia during a belly landing following an in-flight fire and explosion in the left wheel well and resulting separation of the number two engine; all 24 crew survived. [50]
June 28, 1957L-1049N6212C—NoneBurned out at Miami International Airport following a ground collision with an Eastern Airlines Douglas DC-7 (N808D). [51]
July 10, 1957L-749ET-T-T35Ethiopian Air Lines Flight 3NoneForced landing in a field 31 mi from Khartoum, Sudan following an in-flight fire; all 20 passengers and crew survived. During takeoff, the main landing gear brakes overheated, caused by sticking brakes. The landing gear tire later blew, damaging fluid lines inside the number two engine nacelle. Just before landing, the number two engine fell off. [52]
July 16, 1957L-1049EPH-LKT KLM Flight 844 58Crashed near Biak, New Guinea (now Indonesia), killing 58 passengers and crew on board, 10 passengers survived.
August 16, 1957L-1049GPP-VDA Varig Flight 850 1Ditched 500 m (1,600 ft) off Cabarete, Dominican Republic following triple engine failure, killing one of eleven crew. The aircraft was being ferried from Ciudad Trujillo to New York via Miami. [53]
December 6, 1957L-1049GF-BHMK—NoneCrashed on the runway at Orly Airport due to pilot error while practicing night-time landings; all six crew survived. [54]
December 23, 1957 WV-2 143197—19Ditched off Kahaku Point, Hawaii after all four engines failed, killing 19 of 23 on board. [55]
January 14, 1958R7V-1128437—9Crashed into woods at Patuxent River NAS while practicing IFR landings in fog, killing all nine on board. [56]
February 20, 1958WV-2141310—22 Disappeared on an airborne radar patrol, west of Ilha do Corvo, Azores en route from Naval Air Station Argentia, Newfoundland and Labrador to Lajes Field, Terceira Island, Azores. No trace was found of the aircraft and its 22 crew. [57]
March 22, 1958RC-121D54-2308—NoneForce-landed in a muddy field near McClellan AFB following an engine fire; all 18 crew survived. [58]
May 14, 1958R7V-1131652—5Broke up in mid-air and crashed after performing a series of accelerated stalls, killing all five crew. The elevator boost system linkage failed, allowing the elevator to travel to the full up position. [59]
May 25, 1958RC-121D55-0123—NoneCaught fire and burned out at Otis AFB following an explosion in the center fuel tank; all 15 crew survived. The center fuel tank had been filled with fuel, although it was not supposed to be filled. During pre-flight checks, electronic equipment ignited fuel vapors from the tank. [60]
June 2, 1958L-749XA-MEV Aeronaves de Mexico Flight 11145Crashed into La Latilla mountain shortly after takeoff from Guadalajara Airport in Guadalajara, Mexico, due to crew error, killing all 45 on board in Mexico's deadliest aviation accident at the time. [61] Two prominent American scientists – oceanographer Townsend Cromwell and fisheries scientist Bell M. Shimada – were among the dead. [62] [63]
August 14, 1958L-1049HPH-LKM KLM Flight 607-E 99Crashed on takeoff from Shannon, Ireland, killing all 99 aboard.
September 9, 1958L-1049HN6920C—8Crashed into Mount Oyama while on a Travis AFB-Wake Island-Tokyo cargo service, killing all eight on board. [64]
October 18, 1958WV-2141294—11Crashed in Placentia Bay while performing a GCA to Argentia NAS, killing 11 of 29 on board. [65]
November 10, 1958L-1049DN6503C—NoneTook off from Idlewild International Airport runway 31R when the aircraft became uncontrollable. The plane finally struck an unloaded Trans-Canada Viscount, which was preparing to board passengers. Both aircraft were destroyed by fire. One of the propellers had reversed just after takeoff. [66]
December 24, 1958L-749F-BAZXAir France Flight 703NoneCrashed near Schwechat International Airport in poor visibility due to pilot error; all 34 passengers and crew on board survived, but the aircraft was written off. [67]
January 11, 1959L-1049GD-ALAK Lufthansa Flight 502 36Crashed during approach under heavy rain at Rio de Janeiro. The crew descended below minimums, possibly due to fatigue. Of 39 passengers and crew aboard, three survived. This was the first accident of Lufthansa after it was re-established. [68]
January 17, 1959L-1049GN6240GEAL Flight 704NoneOverran the runway on landing at Miami International Airport following failure and fire in the number three engine; all 17 on board survived. The aircraft was repaired and returned to service. [69]
February 28, 1959C-121G54-4069—5Crashed near Prescott Airport while performing touch-and-go landing training, killing all five on board. [70]
March 29, 1959WV-2141332—NoneSkidded off the runway at NAS Argentia following a hard landing after encountering windshear on approach; all 21 crew survived. [71]
April 2, 1959WV-2141303—1Crashed at Argentia NAS after an engine failed while on an airborne radar patrol, killing one of 29 on board. [72]
May 12, 1959L-049N2735A Capital Airlines Flight 9832Ground looped and caught fire after landing at Kanawha Airport, Charleston, West Virginia, United States, one passenger and one crew member died. [73]
June 26, 1959 L-1649 N7313C TWA Flight 891 68Exploded after takeoff from Malpensa Airport after being struck by lightning. All nine crew and 59 passengers aboard were killed in the crash. The crash site is situated in a small town "Olgiate Olona". Commonly it is remembered as the Disaster of Olgiate Olona. [74]
July 19, 1959L-1049GVT-DIN—NoneCrashed on landing at Santacruz Airport due to an improperly set altimeter; all 46 on board survived. [75]
July 30, 1959R7V-2131631—Un­knownDamaged beyond repair at Palmdale AFB. Later purchased by California Airmotive in May 1960 and broken up for parts. [76]

1960–1969

DateType Call sign FlightFatalitiesInfo
January 3, 1960 L-749 N110AEastern Air LinesNoneSuffered a landing gear collapse while landing at Philadelphia International Airport and was written off; the aircraft was sold to Airmotive Suppliers Corporation and broken up in 1961. [77]
January 21, 1960 L-1049E HK-177 Avianca Flight 671 37Crashed and burned on landing at Montego Bay International Airport in Jamaica, resulting in the deaths of 37 of the 46 persons aboard. [78]
February 29, 1960L-1049GN7101CTWANoneCrashed on takeoff from Midway Airport, Chicago, Illinois en route to Phoenix after a main gear collapsed; all 60 passengers and crew survived, but the aircraft was written off. [79]
June 14, 1960L-749N1554V PNA Flight 20114Crashed into Mount Gilbert. Alaska en route to Anchorage International Airport due to a navigation error, killing all 14 on board. [80]
August 24, 1960L-1049GVH-EAC—NoneLost power during takeoff from Mauritius-Plaisance International Airport just before reaching the V1 speed of 115 knots. The captain pulled off the power, braked hard, and pulled selected reverse thrust. The aircraft did not decelerate as expected. The flight engineer feathered the number 3 engine and pulled its emergency shut-off valve. The Super Constellation, named "Southern Wave", could not be brought to a stop on the remaining runway and overran the runway at a speed of 40 knots. The Super Constellation bounced over a low embankment, crashed into a gully and caught fire. Of the 38 passengers and 12 crew all survived the crash. [81]
August 29, 1960L-1049GF-BHBC Air France Flight 343 63Crashed off Dakar, Senegal, killing all 63 on board; the cause was never determined. [82]
December 16, 1960L-1049TWA 266 TWA Flight 266 44 [lower-alpha 4] Collided with United Airlines Flight 826 (a Douglas DC-8) over Staten Island, New York. It broke apart and crashed, with all 44 on board dying. Flight 826 remained airborne before crashing in Brooklyn, New York; all 84 people on board and six on the ground were killed. [83]
January 22, 1961 EC-121 143193—6Crashed at Midway Islands NAS after striking debris on the runway; the aircraft cartwheeled and struck a truck, killing six of 22 on the aircraft and all three in the truck. [84]
January 26, 1961L-049PP-PDC—NoneCrashed in a ditch after the crew ground looped the aircraft following a late landing. [85] [86]
March 22, 1961 TC-121C 51-3842—6Crashed in rain near Marysville, California while on a test flight, killing all six on board. [87]
May 10, 1961 L-1649 F-BHBM Air France Flight 406 78Bombed in mid-air and crashed in the Algerian Sahara. All nine crew and 69 passengers were killed. [88]
June 20, 1961L-749N5595A—Un­knownWritten off following a ground collision with a Douglas DC-7 (N312A) at Oakland International Airport. [89]
July 30, 1961 L-049 N2520B—1Chased back to El Trompillo Airport in Santa Cruz, Bolivia by Fuerza Aerea Boliviana pilots. The chase caused a crash and death of a Bolivian Air Force pilot. The plane and the incident became known as Avion Pirata. [90] (in Spanish)
September 1, 1961L-049N86511 TWA Flight 529 78Crashed at Chicago due to mechanical failure, killing all 78 on board.
November 8, 1961L-049N2737A IA Flight 201/8 77Destroyed followed an attempted emergency landing at Byrd Airport, Richmond, Virginia, United States, 74 passengers and two crew died.
November 11, 1961L-749HH-ABA—3 Disappeared over the Caribbean on a cargo flight between San Juan, Puerto Rico, and Managua, Nicaragua. A crew of three were lost with the aircraft. [91]
March 3, 1962L-049PP-PCR—NoneWritten off after landing with a missing nose wheel. The aircraft was withdrawn from use and stored until it was broken up in 1969. [92]
March 15, 1962L-1049HN6911C FTL Flight 78161Crashed at Adak Island NAS due to pilot error, killing one of seven on board. [93]
March 16, 1962L-1049HN6921C FTL Flight 739 107Disappeared over the Pacific, all 107 aboard presumed lost.
April 26, 1962L-749F-BAZE—Un­knownDestroyed by a bomb while parked at Maison Blanche Airport. [94]
April 26, 1962L-749N116A—5Crashed at Canton Island Airport, Kiribati while attempting a go-around during a training flight after a propeller reversed, killing five of the six on board. [95]
August 9, 1962WV-2141324—5Crashed while landing at Patuxent River NAS in heavy rain, killing five of 19 on board. This plane was part of the Airborne Early Warning Training Unit, Atlantic (AEWTULANT). [96]
September 23, 1962L-1049HN6923CFTL Flight 92328Ditched 500 mi off Ireland due to double engine failure and crew error, killing 28 of 76 on board. [97]
December 4, 1962C-121G54-5066—3Crashed on Guam while carrying supplies to the island after it was struck by a typhoon, killing three of eight on board. [98]
December 14, 1962L-1049HN6913CFTL Flight 1835Crashed on approach to Lockheed Air Terminal at Burbank due to pilot incapacitation, killing all five on board and three on the ground. [99]
December 14, 1962L-049PP-PDE—50Crashed in the jungle en route from Belém-Val de Cans to Manaus-Ponta Pelada due to unknown causes. All 50 passengers and crew died. [100] [101]
January 11, 1963L-749F-BAZM—12Crashed into the side of Mount Plat near Périllos, France, killing all 12 crew. [102]
February 3, 1963L-1049HN9740Z Slick Airways Flight 40Z4Struck approach lights at San Francisco International Airport and crashed, killing four of eight on board. [103]
May 28, 1963L-1049GN189S Standard Airways Flight 388CNoneSpontaneous reverse pitch of an engine caused the right wing to dip and strike the ground just before landing at Manhattan Municipal Airport in Kansas. All on board evacuated safely but the aircraft was destroyed [104]
March 1, 1964L-049N86504 Paradise Airlines Flight 901A 85Crashed near Lake Tahoe Airport after the pilot deviated from VFR procedures while attempting an approach in poor visibility, killing all 85 on board in the worst-ever accident involving the L-049. [105]
October 4, 1964L-749LX-IOK—1Ran off the runway while landing at Bole Airport, killing one of seven crew. [106]
December 24, 1964L-1049HN6915CFTL Flight 2823Crashed into Sweeney's Ridge immediately after takeoff from San Francisco International Airport due to an unexplained course change, killing all three on board. [107]
July 11, 1965EC-121H55-0136—16Ditched off Nantucket after one engine failed and another caught fire. The fuselage broke into three pieces. Three survivors were found along with nine dead, but seven were never found. [108]
December 4, 1965L-1049N6218C EAL Flight 853 4 [lower-alpha 5] Collided in mid-air with Trans World Airlines Flight 42 (N748TW), a Boeing 707-131B en route from San Francisco International Airport to John F. Kennedy International Airport, over North Salem, NY, at approximately 11,000 feet. The Eastern Constellation was uncontrollable through its normal flight controls but was guided to a crash landing using only throttles. The Captain and three of the 49 passengers died in the accident. The TWA Boeing landed safely. [109]
December 15, 1965L-1049HN6914CFTL Flight 9143Crashed into California Peak due to spatial disorientation, killing all three on board. [110]
April 27, 1966L-749OBR771 LANSA Flight 501 49Crashed into a mountain side in the Tomas District of Peru. All 49 passengers and crew on board are killed. [111]
November 11, 1966EC-121H55-5262—19Crashed into the Atlantic 125 mi off Nantucket, killing all 19 on board. [112] Aircraft from USAF 551st Airborne Early Warning & Control Wing; Squadron personnel from 961st Airborne Early Warning and Control Squadron and 551st Electronic and Maintenance Squadron. [113]
December 18, 1966L-1649N7301C—17Crashed while on approach to Eldorado Airport due to pilot error, killing 17 of 59 on board. [114]
April 17, 1967L-1049HN7777C—NoneCrashed on landing at Kotzebue Airport, Alaska after the pilot failed to lower the landing gear; all 32 passengers and crew on board survived, but the aircraft was written off. [115]
April 25, 1967C-121H53-0549—15Crashed 1 mi off Nantucket due to an engine fire, killing 15 of 16 on board. [116]
June 22, 1967L-1049HN6936C—7Collided with a USAF RF-4C Phantom II, 65-0861, and crashed near Tan Son Nhat International Airport, killing all seven on board; both F-4 crew members ejected safely. [117]
January 1968L-1049G5T-TAC—5Crashed on approach to Port Harcourt Airport, killing five. [118]
March 30, 1968L-1049GHP-467—3Crashed on climbout after the number three engine caught fire, killing the three crew. [119]
July 1, 1968L-1049G5T-TAG—4Crashed short of the runway at Uli Airstrip, killing all four on board. [120]
April 15, 1969EC-121M135749—31Shot down by two North Korean MiG-17s over the Sea of Japan off Chongjin, North Korea, killing all 31 on board. [121]
April 25, 1969EC-121R67-21493BATCAT 2118Crashed near Korat AFB after encountering windshear, killing all 18 on board. [122]
August 3, 1969L-1049HCF-NAJ—4Crashed on landing at Uli Airstrip, killing the four crew. [123]
August 9, 1969L-1049GF-BGNC—4Disappeared after being cleared for a semi-direct ILS approach to Douala Airport. The wreckage was found 80 km (50 mi) northeast of Douala three days later; all four crew died. [124]
September 6, 1969EC-121R67-21495BATCAT 194Descended below the glide scope and crashed short of the runway at Korat AFB, killing four of 16 on board; four on the ground also die. [125]
November 28, 1969L-7495N-85H—8Crashed into Mount Toubkal, Atlas Mountains, Morocco, 60 miles south of Marrakesh due to triple engine failure, killing all eight on board. The Constellation, which was carrying weapons to Biafra, was discovered on July 18, 1970, by mountaineers. [126]

1970–1998

Most models of the Lockheed Constellation were retired in the late 1970s by operators in favor of more modern aircraft. The last commercial flight of the L-1049 Super Constellation was in 1993, when the Federal Aviation Administration banned all airlines from the Dominican Republic that flew Constellations to the United States (due to safety concerns). The Dominican airlines were the last operators of any version of the Constellation.

DateType Call sign FlightFatalitiesInfo
March 16, 1970 EC-121K 145927—23Crashed at Da Nang Airport, killing 23 of 28 on board. [127]
October 8, 1970 C-121J 131644—NoneCrash landed near McMurdo Station, Ross Island, Antarctica in a snowstorm. Everyone on board survived with minimal injuries, and the aircraft has remained in situ at the base's airfield, which has since been named Pegasus Field after the aircraft.
October 20, 1971L-1049HN564E—4Crashed in the sea off Great Inagua, Bahamas after beginning a descent, killing the four crew. [128]
May 29, 1972 L-149 PP-PDG—9Crashed shortly after takeoff from Campo International Airport due to a refueling error, killing nine of 18 on board.
June 9, 1973L-1049HN173W—3Sank back on climbout, struck trees and crashed, killing the three crew. The flaps were selected up too soon due to crew fatigue. The aircraft was used for pesticide spraying to control spruce budworm. [129]
August 5, 1973 L-1049 N6202C—NoneLost power on all four engines due to fuel starvation and made a forced landing in Tamarac, Florida on approach to Fort Lauderdale. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair. [130]
September 24, 1973L-1049HN566E—NoneSuffered left main gear collapse after a heavy landing. [131]
December 15, 1973L-1049HN6917C—3Crashed into a residential neighborhood two minutes after takeoff from Runway 9L at Miami International Airport, Florida. The Super Constellation was carrying a cargo of Christmas trees to Caracas, Venezuela. All three people on board were killed, along with six people on the ground. Witnesses reported that on takeoff, the aircraft abruptly rotated to an unusually high pitch attitude, failed to accelerate, and failed to climb above 120 feet. Although the NTSB was unable to determine the reason or reasons for this adverse flight condition, it stated that factors which may have contributed to the crash include improper loading, a rearward movement of unsecured cargo resulting in a center of gravity shift aft of the allowable limit, and deficient crew coordination. [132]
June 3, 1975L-1049HN6931C—NoneWritten off at Guadeloupe following an emergency landing during a ferry flight from Fort de France to Fort Lauderdale. The aircraft was withdrawn from use and broken up in 1979. [133]
May 11, 1975L-1049HN45516—6While being ferried from Mesa to Kansas City, the aircraft struck trees and a playhouse while attempting a forced landing after all four engines lost power, killing all six on board. A lack of anti-detonation injection (ADI) fluid caused the engines to overheat. [134]
May 19, 1976L-1049HN468C—NoneCrash-landed in Belize while being ferried from Honduras to Miami. The number 1 engine threw its propeller, striking the number 2 engine. The pilot diverted to Belize, landing with the left main gear partially retracted. The three aircrew survived, but the L-1049 was written off. [135] Mennonite farmers purchased the wreckage, and after disassembling and trucking it across Belize, used the hydraulics for a hydroelectric dam project, and the fuselage for a barn. [136] The fuselage section currently sits on an escarpment looking over a valley, being used as storage for a mechanic yard.
March 15, 1978EC-121T55-0121—NoneCaught fire and burned out after the left main landing gear suddenly collapsed during taxi at NAS Keflavik. [137]
October 15, 1978L-1049HN6924C—1Crashed on takeoff from Almirante Padilla Airport after the landing gear was raised too soon, killing one of three crew. [138]
August 31, 1979 L-049 HI-260—NoneDamaged beyond repair by Hurricane David while parked at Las Americas International Airport. [139] The aircraft was broken up in July 1980. [140]
June 22, 1980L-1049HN74CA—3Crashed on take-off while being ferried from Bakalar municipal airport in Columbus Indiana to Seattle-Tacoma Airport, en route to Alaska. Retired Lockheed test pilot Herman R. Salmon, along with one other crew member and a passenger were killed. There were five survivors including Salmon's son, copilot Randall Salmon. [141] [142]
October 26, 1981 L-749 HI-328—3Crashed in the sea while on approach to St. Thomas Airport due to pilot error, killing three of five on board. [143]
April 5, 1990C-121CHI-515CT—1Ditched off Levittown, Puerto Rico following triple engine failure, killing one of three crew. [144]
February 3, 1992L-1049HHI-542CT—NoneStruck by an out-of-control Douglas C-54 (N74AF) that had suffered hydraulic failure while taxiing. [145]
September 22, 1998C-121CHI-548CT—NoneWritten off at Santo Domingo after a Curtiss C-46 (HI-503CT) was blown into it during Hurricane Georges. The aircraft was broken up in early 1999. [146]

Notes

  1. ↑ This figure just includes those on Flight 100
  2. ↑ This figure just includes those lost on Flight 2
  3. ↑ Second of two flights that shared the same number
  4. ↑ This figure just includes those lost on flight 266
  5. ↑ This figure just includes those lost on Flight 853

Related Research Articles

Viação Aérea São Paulo S/A, better known as VASP, was an airline with its head office in the VASP Building on the grounds of São Paulo–Congonhas Airport in São Paulo, Brazil. It had main bases at São Paulo's two major airports, São Paulo–Congonhas Airport (CGH) and São Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport (GRU).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Douglas DC-7</span> US airliner with 4 piston engines, 1953

The Douglas DC-7 is an American transport aircraft built by the Douglas Aircraft Company from 1953 to 1958. A derivative of the DC-6, it was the last major piston engine-powered transport made by Douglas, being developed shortly after the earliest jet airliner—the de Havilland Comet—entered service and only a few years before the jet-powered Douglas DC-8 first flew in 1958. Larger numbers of both DC-7B and DC-7C variants were also built.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Salgado Filho Porto Alegre International Airport</span> Brazilian airport

Porto Alegre–Salgado Filho International Airport is the airport serving Porto Alegre and the region of Greater Porto Alegre, Brazil. Since October 12, 1951, it is named after the Senator and first Minister of the Brazilian Air Force Joaquim Pedro Salgado Filho (1888–1950).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">São Paulo–Congonhas Airport</span> Domestic airport in São Paulo, Brazil

São Paulo/Congonhas–Deputado Freitas Nobre AirportPortuguese pronunciation:[kõˈɡõɲɐs] is one of the four commercial airports serving São Paulo, Brazil. The airport is named after the neighborhood where it is located, called Vila Congonhas, property of the descendants of Lucas Antônio Monteiro de Barros (1767–1851), Viscount of Congonhas do Campo, first president of the province of São Paulo after the independence of Brazil in 1822, during the Empire. In turn, the Viscount's domain was named after the plural of a shrub known in Brazil as congonha-do-campo. Since June 19, 2017, it is officially named after Deputy José Freitas Nobre. The name Congonhas, however, remains mostly used. It is owned by the City of São Paulo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Santos Dumont Airport</span> Airport in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Santos Dumont Airport is the second major airport serving Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is named after the Brazilian aviation pioneer Alberto Santos Dumont (1873–1932).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante</span> Brazilian twin-turboprop light transport aircraft

The Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante is a Brazilian twin-turboprop light transport aircraft designed by Embraer for military and civil use.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Recife/Guararapes–Gilberto Freyre International Airport</span> Brazilian airport

Aeroporto Internacional do Recife/Guararapes–Gilberto Freyre is the airport serving Recife, Brazil. Since December 27, 2001 it is named after the Recife-born Anthropologist and Sociologist Gilberto de Mello Freyre (1900–1987). Some of its facilities are shared with the Recife Air Force Base of the Brazilian Air Force.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Panair do Brasil</span> Former airline of Brazil

Panair do Brasil was an airline of Brazil. it ceased operations in 1965. Between 1945 and 1965, it was considered to be the largest carrier not only in Brazil but in all of Latin America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Serviços Aéreos Cruzeiro do Sul</span> 1927–1993 Brazilian airline

Serviços Aéreos Cruzeiro do Sul was the second oldest airline of Brazil, tracing its origins to 1927, when it was founded as Syndicato Condor, a subsidiary of Deutsche Luft Hansa. Syndicato Condor retained rights and interests of a former German trade company, Condor Syndikat, which previously operated passenger and mail services in Brazil. It was renamed Serviços Aéreos Cruzeiro do Sul in 1943. In 1975, Varig, a Brazilian airline which shared very similar origins, acquired its controlling shares. In 1993, it was finally merged into Varig.

RealTransportes Aéreos was a Brazilian airline founded in 1945. It was merged into Varig in 1961, when Varig bought the Consórcio Real-Aerovias-Nacional, of which Real was the main carrier.

Lóide Aéreo Nacional S/A was a Brazilian airline founded in 1947 as Transporte Carga Aérea (TCA). It was renamed Lóide Aéreo Nacional in 1949, after it merged with Linhas Aéreas Paulistas (LAP) and Transportes Aéreos Bandeirantes (TABA). It operated until 1962 when it was incorporated into VASP.

Transportes Aéreos Nacional was a Brazilian airline founded in 1946. It was merged into Varig in 1961, when Varig bought the Consórcio Real-Aerovias-Nacional, of which Transportes Aéreos Nacional was one of the partners.

Ponta Pelada Airport was the civilian airport of Manaus, Brazil, until 1976. Between 1970 and 1976, the facilities were shared with Manaus Air Force Base of the Brazilian Air Force. On March 31, 1976, all civilian operations were transferred to the newer Eduardo Gomes International Airport. During this transition, Ponta Pelada Airport was renamed Manaus Air Force Base handling military operations exclusively under the control of the Brazilian Air Force.

VARIG was the first airline founded in Brazil, in 1927. From 1965 until 1990, it was Brazil's leading airline and virtually its only international one. In 2005, Varig went into judicial restructuring, and in 2006 it was split into two companies – Flex Linhas Aéreas, informally known as "old" Varig, heir to the original airline – now defunct, and "new" Varig, a new company, fully integrated into Gol Airlines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Comandante Gustavo Kraemer Airport</span> Airport in Brazil

Comandante Gustavo Kraemer International Airport is the airport serving Bagé, Brazil. Since February 8, 1952, it is named after Captain Gustavo Ernesto de Carvalho Kraemer (1911–1950), founder and pilot of the airline SAVAG, killed on an air-crash in 1950.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Transportes Aéreos Regionais da Bacia Amazônica</span> Brazilian airline

TABA – Transportes Aéreos Regionais da Bacia Amazônica was a Brazilian airline founded in 1976. It ceased operations in 1999.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Belém/Val-de-Cans International Airport</span> Airport

Val-de-Cans/Júlio Cezar Ribeiro International Airport is the main airport serving Belém, Brazil. Val de Cans is the name of the neighborhood where the airport is located. On 13 April 2010, the airport was named after Júlio Cezar Ribeiro de Souza (1837–1887), a researcher of balloons.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1962 Paraná da Eva Panair do Brasil Lockheed Constellation crash</span> Aviation incident in Brazil

The 1962 Paraná da Eva Panair do Brasil Lockheed Constellation crash was a fatal aviation accident that occurred near Manaus, Brazil, in the early hours of 14 December 1962. The aircraft, a Lockheed L-049 Constellation operated by Panair do Brasil, disappeared during its final approach to Ponta Pelada Airport after departing from Belém. After an extensive search and rescue operation by the Brazilian Air Force, the wreckage was located the following day, with no survivors among the 50 people on board. The cause of the crash remains unknown, marking it as one of the final incidents in Panair do Brasil's history before the airline's closure.

References

  1. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 42-94551 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 18 July 2009.
  2. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 43-10314 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 16 April 2014.
  3. ↑ Accident descriptionfor NC86510 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 14 November 2013.
  4. ↑ Accident descriptionfor NC88858 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 1 February 2019.
  5. ↑ Accident descriptionfor NC88831 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 14 November 2013.
  6. ↑ Accident descriptionfor NC86512 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 14 November 2013.
  7. ↑ "TWA Navigator Thrown Out of Fast Plane Into Atlantic". Reading Eagle. Reading, PA. Associated Press. 11 March 1947.
  8. ↑ "Act to Bar Future Astrodome Failures" (PDF). TWA Skyliner Magazine. 2 (14): 2. April 3, 1947.
  9. ↑ "Four Crewmen Die In Crash of TWA Constellation". The State. Vol. 411, no. 20. Columbia. May 12, 1947. p. 1-A.
  10. ↑ "The Clipper Eclipse". Check-Six.com. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
  11. ↑ Accident descriptionfor NC88645 at the Aviation Safety Network
  12. ↑ Accident descriptionfor NC86507 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 14 November 2013.
  13. ↑ Accident descriptionfor NC111A at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 15 April 2014.
  14. ↑ Accident descriptionfor NC112A at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 26 May 2016.
  15. ↑ Accident descriptionfor NC88858 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 22 May 2017.
  16. ↑ Accident descriptionfor NC90824 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 14 November 2013.
  17. ↑ Accident descriptionfor NC86530 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 2014-11-30.
  18. ↑ Accident descriptionfor PH-TER at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 10 January 2011.
  19. ↑ Accident descriptionfor PH-TDF at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 10 January 2011.
  20. ↑ Accident descriptionfor NC86501 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 2014-11-30.
  21. ↑ "Constellation, o acidente aéreo que matou 51" (in Portuguese). October 19, 2008. Retrieved July 18, 2009.
  22. ↑ "Accident description PP-PCG". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved August 16, 2011.
  23. ↑ Germano da Silva, Carlos Ari César (2008). "Está faltando um". O rastro da bruxa: história da aviação comercial brasileira no século XX através dos seus acidentes 1928–1996 (in Portuguese) (2 ed.). Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS. pp. 95–101. ISBN   978-85-7430-760-2.
  24. ↑ Accident descriptionfor NC86511 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 1 February 2019.
  25. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N91202 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 1 February 2019.
  26. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N119A at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 10 March 2010.
  27. ↑ Accident descriptionfor PH-TFF at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 10 January 2011.
  28. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N38936 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 1 February 2019.
  29. ↑ "L-049 c/n 1962". zoggavia.com. Retrieved February 1, 2019.
  30. ↑ Accident descriptionfor PP-PDA at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 14 November 2013.
  31. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 128440 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  32. ↑ Accident descriptionfor F-BAZS at the Aviation Safety Network
  33. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N6214C at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 4 February 2019.
  34. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N119A at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 11 March 2010.
  35. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 51-3838 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 4 February 2019.
  36. ↑ Accident descriptionfor F-BGNA at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 15 April 2014.
  37. ↑ Accident descriptionfor HK-163 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 14 November 2013.
  38. ↑ Accident descriptionfor F-BAZI at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 20 July 2017.
  39. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 128441 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  40. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 131387 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 4 February 2019.
  41. ↑ Accident descriptionfor CF-TGG at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 4 February 2019.
  42. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 131639 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  43. ↑ "Accident description PP-PDJ". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved May 22, 2013.
  44. ↑ Germano da Silva, Carlos Ari César (2008). "Noite do Paraguai". O rastro da bruxa: história da aviação comercial brasileira no século XX através dos seus acidentes 1928–1996 (in Portuguese) (2 ed.). Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS. pp. 145–149. ISBN   978-85-7430-760-2.
  45. ↑ Accident descriptionfor F-BAZG at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 20 July 2017.
  46. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N112A at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 14 November 2013.
  47. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 137893 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 4 February 2019.
  48. ↑ Accident descriptionfor YV-C-AMA at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 7 August 2011.
  49. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 54-0165 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 30 January 2019.
  50. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 141314 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 4 February 2019.
  51. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N6214C at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 4 February 2019.
  52. ↑ Accident descriptionfor ET-T-T35 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 20 July 2017.
  53. ↑ Accident descriptionfor PP-VDA at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 30 January 2019.
  54. ↑ Accident descriptionfor F-BHMK at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 4 February 2019.
  55. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 143197 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  56. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 128437 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  57. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 141310 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 3 July 2011.
  58. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 54-2308 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 4 February 2019.
  59. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 131652 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 30 January 2019.
  60. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 55-0123 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 4 February 2019.
  61. ↑ Accident descriptionfor XA-MEV at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 14 November 2013.
  62. ↑ preserveamerica.noaa.gov Bell Masayuki Shimada (1922-1958)
  63. ↑ "nvcfoundation.org "NOAA Honors Nisei with Launch of Fisheries Vessel 'Bell M. Shimada,'" Japanese American Veterans Association, December 2008, Volume 58, Issue 11". Archived from the original on 2017-05-10. Retrieved 2016-12-22.
  64. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N6920C at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  65. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 141692 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  66. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N6503C at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 26 April 2014.
  67. ↑ Accident descriptionfor F-BAZX at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 15 April 2014.
  68. ↑ Accident descriptionfor D-ALAK at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on January 10, 2011.
  69. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N6240G at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 4 February 2019.
  70. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 54-4069 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  71. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 141332 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 4 February 2019.
  72. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 141303 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  73. ↑ "Accident description: Lockheed Constellation N2735A." Aviation Safety Network, July 18, 2009. Retrieved: July 18, 2009.
  74. ↑ "Lightning and Flight." Archived 2011-10-03 at the Wayback Machine Centennial of Flight Commission, 2003. Retrieved: July 5, 2011.
  75. ↑ Accident descriptionfor VT-DIN at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 4 February 2019.
  76. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 131631 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 19 January 2022.
  77. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N110A at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 20 July 2017.
  78. ↑ "From Avianca to CanJet: MoBay Airport at Centre of J'can Aviation History." Archived 2009-04-22 at the Wayback Machine Jamaica Observer, April 22, 2009. Retrieved: April 25, 2009.
  79. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N7101C at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 15 April 2014.
  80. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N1554V at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 14 November 2013.
  81. ↑ Accident descriptionfor VH-EAC at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 1 September 2010.
  82. ↑ Accident descriptionfor F-BHBC at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 15 April 2014.
  83. ↑ Wilson, Michael."Slope Plane Crash:Covering the Story." Archived 2012-07-07 at archive.today The New York Times, December 15, 2010. Retrieved: December 15, 2010.
  84. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 143193 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  85. ↑ Accident descriptionfor PP-PDC at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 1 February 2019.
  86. ↑ "L-049 c/n 2056". zoggavia.com. Retrieved February 1, 2019.
  87. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 51-3842 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  88. ↑ "Accident description: Lockheed Starliner F-BHBM." Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: January 10, 2011.
  89. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N5595A at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 20 July 2017.
  90. ↑ "Aterriza el olvido al 'Avión Pirata'". 30 November 2001.
  91. ↑ Ranter, Harro and Fabian I. Lujan. "ASN Aircraft accident Lockheed L-749A Constellation HH-ABA Puerto Rico (Caribbean Sea)." Aviation Safety Network, 2011. Retrieved: June 27, 2011.
  92. ↑ Accident descriptionfor PP-PCR at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 1 February 2019.
  93. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N6911C at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  94. ↑ Criminal descriptionfor F-BAZE at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 20 July 2017.
  95. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N116A at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 14 November 2013.
  96. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 141324 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  97. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N6923C at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  98. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 54-5066 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  99. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N6913C at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  100. ↑ "Accident description PP-PDE." Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: June 25, 2011.
  101. ↑ Germano da Silva, Carlos Ari César (2008). "Um rastro na selva". O rastro da bruxa: história da aviação comercial brasileira no século XX através dos seus acidentes 1928–1996 (in Portuguese) (2 ed.). Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS. pp. 223–228. ISBN   978-85-7430-760-2.
  102. ↑ Accident descriptionfor F-BAZM at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 20 July 2017.
  103. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N9740Z at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  104. ↑ Aircraft Accident Report: Standard Airways, Inc., Lockheed Constellation, L-1049G, N 189S, Manhattan Municipal Airport, Manhattan, Kansas, May 28, 1963 (Report). Civil Aeronautics Board. 28 April 1964. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
  105. ↑ "Accident description: Lockheed Constellation N86504." Aviation Safety Network, November 10, 2008. Retrieved: July 18, 2009.
  106. ↑ Accident descriptionfor LX-IOK at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 20 July 2017.
  107. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N6915C at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  108. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 55-0136 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  109. ↑ "Eastern Airlines L-1049C Super Constellation & TWA Boeing 707." Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: March 10, 2011.
  110. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N6914C at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  111. ↑ "Flight 501 crashed into Mount Talaula". Aviation-safety.net. 1966-04-27. Retrieved 2012-12-22.
  112. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 55-5262 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  113. ↑ Dean Boys lost 262
  114. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N7301C at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 14 November 2013.
  115. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N7777C at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 15 April 2014.
  116. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 53-0549 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  117. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N6936C at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  118. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 5T-TAC at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 30 January 2019.
  119. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N112A at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 14 November 2013.
  120. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 5T-TAG at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 201-1-30.
  121. ↑ Criminal descriptionfor 135749 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  122. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 67-21493 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  123. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N112A at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 14 November 2013.
  124. ↑ Accident descriptionfor F-BGNC at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 30 January 2019.
  125. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 67-21495 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 30 January 2019.
  126. ↑ "L-749A 5N85H." [ permanent dead link ]Air Britain Archive, Issue 2, 2008. Retrieved: March 25, 2010.
  127. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 145927 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 8 January 2013.
  128. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N564E at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 30 January 2019.
  129. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N173W at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 30 January 2019.
  130. ↑ "Constellation mishap". zoggavia.com. Retrieved September 1, 2010.
  131. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N566E at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 31 January 2019.
  132. ↑ Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Lockheed L-1049H Super Constellation N6917C Miami International Airport, FL (MIA)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 2016-09-07.
  133. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N6931C at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 31 January 2019.
  134. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N44516 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 30 January 2019.
  135. ↑ "N468C." Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: July 5, 2011.
  136. ↑ "Travel Belize." Archived 2011-09-30 at the Wayback Machine Travel Belize. Retrieved: July 5, 2011.
  137. ↑ Accident descriptionfor 55-0121 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 31 January 2019.
  138. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N6924C at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 30 January 2019.
  139. ↑ Accident descriptionfor HI-260 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 20 July 2017.
  140. ↑ "L-049 c/n 2070". zoggavia.com. Retrieved February 1, 2019.
  141. ↑ National Transportation Safety Board, Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB.AAR.80.14.C2, 18 February 1981
  142. ↑ Accident descriptionfor N74CA at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 30 January 2019.
  143. ↑ Accident descriptionfor HK-163 at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 14 November 2013.
  144. ↑ Accident descriptionfor HI-515CT at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 30 January 2019.
  145. ↑ Accident descriptionfor HI-542CT at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 31 January 2019.
  146. ↑ Accident descriptionfor HI-548CT at the Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved on 31 January 2019.
Bibliography

Further reading

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.