List of casualties in Husayn's army at the Battle of Karbala

Last updated

This article contains the list of casualties of Husayn ibn Ali's relatives and companions in the Battle of Karbala. The battle took place on Friday Muharram 10, in the year 61 AH of the Islamic calendar (October 10, 680 CE) in Karbala, situated in present-day Iraq. [1] [2]

Contents

The battle was between Yazid's army from Syria reinforced by troops from Kufa, and the caravan of families and companions of Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad. It is claimed that 72 males (including Husayn's 6 months old son) of Husayn's companions were killed by the forces of Yazid I. [3]

Army of Husayn ibn Ali

The following is a list of casualties of Husayn ibn Ali's companions in Battle of Karbala. [3]

Members of Banu Hashim

These people were descendants of Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib and members of Banu Hashim who died in the Battle of Karbala. [4]

Descendants of Ali ibn Abi Talib

Sons of Hussein ibn Abi Talib

The following were sons of Hussein AS:

  1. Ali Akbar
  2. Ali Asghar
Sons of Ali ibn Abi Talib AS

The following were sons of Ali: [5]

  1. Husayn ibn Ali, son of Fatima.
  2. Ja'far ibn Ali, half-brother of Husayn ibn Ali, son of Umm al-Banin.
  3. Abd Allah ibn Ali, half-brother of Husayn ibn Ali, son of Umm al-Banin.
  4. Uthman ibn Ali, half-brother of Husayn ibn Ali, son of Umm al-Banin.
  5. Abbas ibn Ali, half-brother of Husayn ibn Ali, son of Umm al-Banin, the flag-bearer of Husayn's army.
  6. Abu Bakr ibn Ali, half-brother of Husayn ibn Ali, son of Layla bint Mas'ud.
  7. Muhammad al-Asghar ibn Ali, half-brother of Husayn ibn Ali, son of Layla bint Mas'ud.
  8. Umar ibn Ali, half-brother of Husayn ibn Ali, son of Layla bint Mas'ud.
Sons of Hasan ibn Ali

The following were sons of Hasan ibn Ali (an elder brother of Husayn ibn Ali): [5]

  1. Al-Qasim ibn Hasan
  2. Abu Bakr ibn Hasan
  3. Abd Allah ibn Hasan
  4. Bishr ibn Hasan
Sons of Abbas ibn Ali

The following were sons of Abbas ibn Ali (a brother of Husayn ibn Ali):

  1. Qasim ibn Abbas
  2. Fadl ibn Abbas [6]

Descendants of Ja'far ibn Abi Talib

The following were descendants of Ja'far ibn Abi Talib (a brother of Ali) and the sons of Abd Allah ibn Ja'far: [5]

  1. Awn ibn Abd Allah ibn Ja'far, son of Zaynab bint Ali.
  2. Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Ja'far, son of Zaynab bint Ali.
  3. Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Ja'far, a younger son of Abd Allah ibn Ja'far; his mother was Khawsa, daughter of Hafsa ibn Rabi'a.[ citation needed ]

Descendants of Aqil ibn Abi Talib

The following were descendants of Aqil ibn Abi Talib (a brother of Husayn's father Ali): [5]

  1. Ja'far ibn Aqil
  2. Abd al-Rahman ibn Aqil
  3. Abd Allah ibn Aqil
  4. Muhammad ibn Abi Sa'id ibn Aqil

Companions of Muhammad

The following are the companions (Sahaba) of Muhammad who died at the Battle of Karbala: [5]

  1. Anas ibn al-Harith al-Kahili
  2. Muslim ibn Awsaja Al-Asadi
  3. Shabib Ibn Abdullah Al-Nahshali

Other companions of Husayn ibn Ali (non-Banu Hashim)

These are the companions of Husayn ibn Ali who died in the Battle of Karbala. [5] [3] [7]

  1. Zuhayr ibn al-Qayn al-Bajali, the commander of the right flank. He was a noble chieftain of his tribe, a man of great influence in Kufa. In the beginning, he was attached to Uthman, and once returning from Hajj; he met Husayn, and since then he became a follower of Husayn ibn Ali and a staunch devotee.[ citation needed ] He is the one who bade good-bye to his wife Dalham, daughter of Amr, liberating her with a divorce to go to her relatives and he joined Husayn and was killed.
  2. Habib ibn Muzahir Al Asadi, a loyal companion of Ali, the commander of left flank of Husayn's army. [8]
  3. Burayr ibn Khudayr al-Hamdani, a very old, pious, and devoted companion of Husayn's father Ali, one of the prominent noblemen of Kufa.[ citation needed ] He came to Husayn begging him to permit him to be martyred, for he wanted to die in the way of God.[ citation needed ]
  4. Umayya ibn Sa'd al-Ta'i, a companion of Husayn's father Ali.
  5. Jundab ibn Hijr al-Khawlani, a companion of Husayn's father Ali.
  6. Hajjaj ibn Masruq al-Ju'fi, a companion of Husayn's father Ali and muezzin of Husayn.
  7. Nafi' bin Hilal al-Jamali, a companion of Husayn's father Ali and a noble personality of Kufa, escaped from Kufa and joined Husayn in Karbala.[ citation needed ]
  8. Abu Wahab Abdullah ibn Umayr, initially a non Muslim, Wahab saw the sacrifice of Husayn ibn Ali and became Muslim and his companion, leaving his newly-wedded wife of 19 days behind, for the happiness of God.
  9. Al-Hurr ibn Yazid Al-Tamimi, one of the commanders of the Umayyad army who defected to Husayn's side along with six others (including his two sons).[ citation needed ] When he was killed, Husayn said "Hurr, as thy mother has named thee Hurr (a free man) thou art Hurr in this world and the hereafter".
  10. Bashir ibn Amr al-Kindi
  11. Bakr ibn Hai al-Taymi
  12. Jabib ibn Hajjaj al-Taymi, a follower of Muslim ibn Aqil in Kufa. When Muslim was arrested, he hid until Husayn arrived in Karbala and reported to Husayn and was killed in the battle.
  13. Jabala ibn Ali al-Shaybani, served with Husayn's father Ali's companions, in the Battle of Siffin.
  14. Jinadat ibn Ka'b Ansari al-Khazraji, killed along with his son.
  15. Jawn bin Huwai, the liberated slave of Abu Dharr al-Ghifari, who, after the death of Abu Dharr, joined Husayn's brother Hasan, and thereafter remained with Husayn and came to Karbala with him.
  16. Juwayn ibn Malik, from the tribe of Banu Tamim; he deserted Yazid's army and joined Husayn.[ citation needed ]
  17. Hars, the liberated slave of Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib, the uncle of Muhammad.
  18. Habshi ibn Qays al-Nahmi, from the tribe of Hamdan. His grandfather was one of the faithful of Muhammad.
  19. Hars ibn Amr al-Qays al-Kindi
  20. Habib ibn Amir al-Taimi, having already paid allegiance to Husayn at the hands of Muslim ibn Aqil, who was killed in Kufa, Habib left Kufa and joined Husayn on his way to Karbala and was killed.
  21. Hajjaj ibn Badr al-Sa'di, from Basra of the tribe of Banu Sa'd.
  22. Hallas ibn Amr al-Rasibi, the son of Amr al-Rasibi who was one of the companions of Husayn's father Ali.
  23. Hanzala ibn As'ad al-Shibami, the one who carried the message of exhortation from Husayn to Umar ibn Sa'd in Karbala.
  24. Raafi', the liberated slave of Muslim Azdi.
  25. Zafir ibn Amr al-Kindi
  26. Ziyad ibn Arib al-Saidi, the son of Arib one of the companions of Muhammad and also a traditionalist.
  27. Sa'd, the liberated slave of Amr ibn Khalid.
  28. Salim the liberated slave of Aamir al-Abdi, a devotee of Husayn's father Ali from Basra.
  29. Sa'd ibn al-Harth al-Ansari and Abu al-Hutuf ibn al-Harth al-Ansari, twin brothers who had come from Kufa employed in the forces of the caliph to fight against Husayn. Later they deserted and joined Husayn's companions.[ citation needed ]
  30. Sa'd, the liberated slave of Husayn's father Ali.
  31. Sa'id ibn Abd Allah al-Hanafi, a noble, brave and influential personality from Kufa.[ citation needed ] He carried Muslim ibn Aqeel's letter from Kufa to Husayn and remained with him and was killed. When Husayn was offering prayers in Karbala, he stood in front of Husayn and was hit with arrows from Yazid's army on his chest, killing him.[ citation needed ]
  32. Salman ibn Mazarih ibn Qais al Ammari al Bijjili, a cousin of Zohair al Qain. He went to Mecca with Zohair and when on his return he decided to join Husayn.
  33. Sulayman ibn Razin, a liberated slave of Husayn He carried Husayn's letter to the devotess of the Ahl al-Bayt in Basra. Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad, Umayyad governor of Basra, Kufa and Khurasan, caught him and the servant of Husayn accepted death willingly.[ citation needed ]
  34. Sawar ibn Manyim e Nahmi, travelled from Iraq to join the forces of Husayn.
  35. Suwayd ibn Amr al-Khath'ami, was seriously wounded in the fighting. He stayed on the ground, unconscious, the enemy thinking that he was dead. On regaining consciousness and hearing the rejoicing of the oppressor's forces that Husayn was killed, he got up and fought until he was also killed.
  36. Saif ibn Hars al Jabiri and Malik, two cousins from Kufa who joined Husayn and were killed.
  37. Sayf ibn al-Harith al-Hamdani
  38. Shabib ibn Abd Allah al-Nahshali, a liberated slave of Hars e Jabiri e Hamdani.
  39. Shawdhab
  40. Darghama ibn Malik al-Taghlibi, a devotee of Muslim ibn Aqeel in Kufa,[ citation needed ] who joined Husayn after Muslim's death, and was killed along with him.
  41. Aaiz ibn Majma al Aazi, one of the six who along with Hur ibn Yazid e Riyahi had joined Husayn.
  42. Abis ibn Abi Shabib al-Shakiri, helped Muslim ibn Aqeel in Kufa, and was killed at Karbala.
  43. Amir ibn Muslim at Badi Basri, joined Husayn along with his liberated slave Salim, both the devotees of Husayn's father Ali in Basra, and were both killed.
  44. Abdullah ibn Bushr Khashami, from Anmari e Khashami tribe, he came out of Kufa with Ibn Sa'd but joined Husayn and was killed with him.
  45. Abdullah ibn Omair Kalbi, joined Husayn from Medina. His wife also accompanied him to serve the Holy Ladies. When Abdullah was killed, his wife sitting at the dead body of her husband said "O Abdullah ! Thou hath entered Paradise, take me along with Thee." The good Lady had not finished her lamentations when a slave of Shimar ibn Zeljosham delivered a blow on her head with an axe and she was killed.[ citation needed ]
  46. Abdul Rahman and Abdullah, sons of Orawah ibn Harraq al Ghaffari. The two brothers were the noblemen of Kufa, and their grandfather Harraq was one of the companions of Husayn's father Ali. They joined Husayn and were killed.
  47. Abd Allah ibn Yaqtar
  48. Abde Qais Basri e Abdi
  49. Abdullah ibn Zaid e Abdi
  50. Abdul Ala ibn Yazid al Kalbi al Aleemi
  51. Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd Rabb al-Ansari al-Khazraji
  52. Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd Allah al-Arhabi
  53. Abdul Rahman ibn Masood at Taimi
  54. Amr ibn Junada al-Ansari
  55. Omer ibn Zabiah Az Zabiyee, came out of Kufa with Ibn Sa'd but later joined Husayn and was killed.[ citation needed ]
  56. Amr ibn Khalid al-Saydawi
  57. Amr ibn Abd Allah al-Jundu'i, from the tribe of Hamdan.
  58. Amru ibn Qarta al Ansari
  59. Amru ibn Hab Abu Thamama al Sai'di
  60. Harith ibn Amru ibn Shakir
  61. Qarib ibn Abd Allah, the son of a liberated slave girl of Husayn. This lady after being freed by Husayn was married to a gentleman and brought her son Qarib, and presented him to Husayn, and he was brought up by Husayn.
  62. Qasim ibn Habib al Azdi
  63. Qasit ibn Zuhayr al-Taghlibi, Kurdus ibn Zuhayr al-Taghlibi and Muqsit ibn Zuhayr al-Taghlibi, sons of Zohair al Taghlabi.
  64. Qanab an Namri
  65. Qais ibn Mushir as Saidavi
  66. Kannah at Taghlabi
  67. Majma ul Jahni, the son of Ziad ibn Omar Jahni, one of the aged companions of Husayn.
  68. Muslim ibn Kathir al-Azdi
  69. Masood ibn Hajjaj Taimy and his son Abdur Rahman ibn Masood.
  70. Munjih ibn Sahm, the liberated slave of Husayn's brother Hasan.
  71. Mauq ibn Thamamah Asadi Saidavi Abu Musa
  72. Nasr ibn Naizar, a liberated slave of Husayn's father Ali. He was presented to Muhammad by the King of Persia and Muhammad presented him to Husayn's father Ali who freed him. He came to Karbala and was killed.
  73. Wazeh the Turk, a Turkish liberated slave of Harse Mashaji. He came to Karbala and presented himself to Husayn and was killed.
  74. Yazid ibn Ziyad b. Muhasir
  75. Yazid Ibn Maghful Jafi, a devotee of Husayn's father Ali.
  76. Sa’d ibn Al-Hurr
  77. Adham ibn Omayya al Abdi
  78. Aslam, a slave who was purchased and liberated by Husayn.
  79. Umm Wahab
  80. Yazid ibn Thubayt al-Abdi al-Basri
  81. Amr ibn Qaraza
  82. Malik ibn Abd Allah al-Hamdani
  83. Sulayman ibn Kathir
  84. Salim ibn Amr ibn Abd Allah
  85. Sa'd ibn Hanzala al-Tamimi
  86. Abu Thumama al-Sa'idi, companion of Ali ibn Abi Talib and Hussain ibn Ali, noblemen of Kufa.
  87. Amir ibn Muslim al-Abdi, died in the first raid.
  88. Amr ibn Dubay'a
  89. Harith ibn Nabhan

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Husayn ibn Ali</span> Grandson of Muhammad and the 3rd Imam (626–680)

Husayn ibn Ali was a social, political and religious leader. The grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a son of Ali ibn Abi Talib and Muhammad's daughter Fatima, as well as a younger brother of Hasan ibn Ali, Husayn is regarded as the third Imam (leader) in Shia Islam after his brother, Hasan, and before his son, Ali al-Sajjad. Being the grandson of the prophet, he is also a prominent member of the Ahl al-Bayt. He is also considered to be a member of the Ahl al-Kisa, and a participant in the event of the mubahala. Muhammad described him and his brother, Hasan, as the leaders of the youth of Paradise.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Karbala</span> Battle in 680 between Umar ibn Sad and Husayn ibn Ali

The Battle of Karbala was fought on 10 October 680 between the army of the second Umayyad caliph Yazid I and a small army led by Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, at Karbala, Sawad.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abbas ibn Ali</span> Son of Ali ibn Abi Talib (died in 680)

Al-Abbas ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib, also known by the kunya Abu al-Fadl, was a son of Ali ibn Abi Talib, the fourth Rashid caliph in Sunni Islam and the first Imam Shia Islam. His mother was Fatima bint Hizam, commonly known as Umm al-Banin. Abbas fought as the standard-bearer of his half-brother Husayn ibn Ali in the Battle of Karbala on 10 Muharram 61 AH against the army of the Umayyad caliph Yazid ibn Mu'awiya. He was killed in a desperate attempt to bring water from the Euphrates river to quench the unbearable thirst of the besieged family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Abbas is said to have inherited Ali's boldness and bravery, and was praised by Shia imams for his faith and fortitude in defending Husayn. Abbas is regarded by Shia Muslims as an ultimate paragon of courage and self-sacrifice. The shrine of Abbas and the nearby mausoleum of Husayn in Karbala are destinations for pilgrimage.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr</span> Youngest son of caliph Abu Bakr (631–658)

Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr ibn Abi Quhafa al-Taymi was an Arab Muslim commander in the service of the fourth Rashidun caliph and first Shia Imam, Ali ibn Abi Talib. Muhammad was the youngest son of the first Rashidun caliph Abu Bakr and Asma bint Umays.

Zaynab bint Ali, was the eldest daughter of Fatima and Ali ibn Abi Talib. The former was a daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and the latter was his cousin. Ali is also recognized as the fourth Rashidun caliph and the first Shia imam. Zaynab is best known for her role in the aftermath of the Battle of Karbala, in which her brother Husayn and most of her male relatives were massacred by the forces of the Umayyad caliph Yazid ibn Mua'awiya. Women and children in Husayn's camp were taken captive after the battle and marched to Kufa and then the Umayyad capital Damascus, where Zaynab gave impassioned speeches, condemning Yazid and spreading the news of Karbala. She was later freed and died shortly afterward in 682, but her burial site is uncertain. The two shrines associated with Zaynab in Damascus and Cairo are destinations for Muslim pilgrimage. She is considered to be a symbol of sacrifice, strength, and piety in Islam, and a role model for Muslim women, typifying courage, leadership, and defiance against oppression.

Muslim ibn Aqil al-Hashimi was a relative of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Muslim was the son of Aqil ibn Abi Talib and a cousin of Husayn ibn Ali, the third Shia Imam, who dispatched him to Kufa in Iraq to ascertain their support upon the accession of the Umayyad caliph Yazid. The Kufans welcomed Muslim and overwhelmingly pledged to support Husayn against the Umayyad rule, which they considered illegitimate and tyrannical. In response, Yazid replaced the mild governor of the city with his strongman Ubayd-Allah ibn Ziyad, who soon discovered the hideout of Muslim through an informant. When Ibn Ziyad imprisoned or killed Hani ibn Urwa, who was secretly sheltering Muslim, he came out in open revolt and surrounded the governor's palace with his supporters in September 680 CE. With a combination of threats and promises, however, Ibn Ziyad induced Kufan tribal leaders to abandon Muslim and withdraw their men. A deserted Muslim was arrested after a strong resistance and executed. Before this turn of events, he had written to Husayn and urged him to come to Kufa. Husayn thus left Mecca with his family and a few supporters, but his caravan was intercepted and massacred by the Umayyad forces in October 680 in Karbala, near Kufa. Muslim is revered in Shia Islam for his bravery and moral uprightness. His shrine in Kufa is a destination for Shia pilgrims.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abd Allah ibn Ja'far</span> One of the youngest Companions (Sahabi) of Muhammad

Abd Allah ibn Ja'far ibn Abi Talib al-Hashimi was a companion and relative of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, a nephew of Ali, a half-brother of Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr and grandfather of Abd Allah ibn Mu'awiya.

Ali al-Akbar ibn al-Husayn, commonly known as simply Ali al-Akbar, was the son of Layla bint Abi Murra and Husayn ibn Ali, the third Shia imam and the grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Aged between eighteen and twenty-five, Ali was killed at the Battle of Karbala in 680 CE, alongside his father and some seventy-two relatives and supporters, who fought against the army of the Umayyad caliph Yazid ibn Mu'awiya. In Shia Islam, Ali al-Akbar is commemorated as a brave youth martyred before he could marry, and celebrated for his striking resemblance, in appearance and manners, to his great-grandfather, the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mukhtar al-Thaqafi</span> Pro-Alid Arab revolutionary (c.622–687)

Al-Mukhtar ibn Abi Ubayd al-Thaqafi was a pro-Alid revolutionary based in Kufa, who led a rebellion against the Umayyad Caliphate in 685 and ruled over most of Iraq for eighteen months during the Second Fitna.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ja'far ibn Abi Talib</span> Companion and cousin of Muhammad (c. 590–629)

Jaʿfar ibn Abī Ṭālib, also known as Jaʿfar aṭ-Ṭayyār, was a companion and cousin of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and an elder brother of Ali.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Holiest sites in Shia Islam</span>

Sunni Muslims and Shia Muslims agree on the three holiest sites in Islam being, respectively, the Masjid al-Haram, in Makkah; the Al-Masjid an-Nabawi, in Medina; and the Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa, in Jerusalem.

ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUmayr al-Kalbī, also known as Abū Wahb, was one of the companions of Husayn ibn Ali, who was killed along with him in the Battle of Karbala (680). He belonged to the Kalb tribe, the majority of whom were adherents of Christianity at that time. His wife Umm Wahab was amongst the female casualties in Husayn's army at the Battle of Karbala.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Al-Hurr ibn Yazid Al-Tamimi</span> 7th-century Umayyad general

Al-Hurr ibn Yazid ibn Najiyah Al-Tamimi Al-Yarbuʿi Ar-Riyahi was the general of the Umayyad army dispatched from Kufa, Iraq to intercept al-Husayn ibn Ali ibn Abu Talib. The newly appointed governor of Kufa, Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad, issued the command to guard all entrances and exits to Kufa in order to intercept al-Husayn for an oath of allegiance to Yazid ibn Mu'awiya ibn Abu Sufyan of the Umayyad dynasty. Al-Hurr ibn Yazid al-Tamimi al-Yarbu'i was to guard one of the roads with his 1,000 soldiers to sanction al-Husayn and his followers and bring them to Ibn Ziyad. Initially responsible for holding al-Husayn and his followers captive, al-Hurr died fighting on al-Husayn's behalf after decisions fueled by corrupt intentions surfaced from Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad. Al-Hurr's short but provocative mark on history spans less than one week's time, but is embedded with complex details and fatal turns of events that led to the martyrdom of al-Husayn during the Battle of Karbala.

Abū al-Sābigha Shamir ibn Dhī al-Jawshan, often known as Shamir or Shimar, was an Arab military commander from Kufa who killed Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, at the Battle of Karbala in 680.

Abū Ḥajal Muslim ibn ʿAwsaja al-Asadī was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He assisted Muslim ibn Aqil in Kufa. Then he joined Husayn ibn Ali army with his family. He was killed in battle of Karbala.

Sa'id ibn 'Abd Allah al-Hanafi was a companion of Husayn ibn Ali who was martyred in the Battle of Karbala. As a prominent Shi'ite and a nobleman in Kufa, he played a significant role in calling Imam al-Husayn to Kufa. He delivered several important letters of the Kufans to Imam al-Husayn. The final letter he delivered was Muslim ibn Aqil's letter to the Imam. From that point he accompanied the Imam from Mecca to Karbala. Sa'id is also remembered for his speech on the night before Ashura in which he proved his love for the Ahl al-Bayt and support of Imam al-Husayn.

Abd Allah ibn Yaqtar. According to some sources, he refused to curse Ali and Husayn therefore was thrown off the Dar al-Khilafa. Other sources have included 'Abd Allah among the martyrs of Karbala.

Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd Allah al-Arhabi was martyred in Karbala.

Saʿd the slave of ʿAmr (ʿUmar) b. Khalid al-Saydawi was martyred at the Battle of Karbala.

References

  1. "Battle of Karbalāʾ". britannica.com. Retrieved 15 November 2015.
  2. John L. Esposito (2004). The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Oxford University Press. pp. 120–. ISBN   978-0-19-512559-7.
  3. 1 2 3 Ahmed, A.K. (2007). The Hidden Truth About Karbala. Qum: Ansariyan Publications. pp. 246, 250. ISBN   978-964-438-921-4. Archived from the original on October 4, 2015. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
  4. Sheikh, Al-Mufeed. Kitab al-Irshad. Translated by IKA Howard. Ansariyan Publications. p. 250.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Rizvi, Sayyid Muhammad; A.Rizvi, S. Saeed; al-Mufid, Shaykh; Mutahhari, A.Murtada (2020). IMÃM ḤUSAYN - The Saviour of Islam 》 The Martyrs of Karbala - a content by S.Saeed Akhtar Rizvi (Second ed.). Toronto: Al Ma'ãrif Publications. pp. 41–51. ISBN   9780920675335.
  6. Al-Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir (1990). History of the Prophets and Kings, translation and commentary issued by R. Stephen Humphreys. Vol. XIX. SUNY Press. pp. 178–179. ISBN   978-0-7914-0154-5.
  7. Mirza, Ghulam Abbas. "Life of Husain". At-Tabari. p. 164.
  8. "People in Karbala". al-imam.net. Archived from the original on 2015-09-14. Retrieved 2015-10-17.