List of countries that have gained independence from Portugal

Map showing former land of the empire.

Below are lists of the countries and territories that were formerly ruled or administered by Portugal or part of the Portuguese Empire, along with their independence dates.

Colonies and overseas territories

Country	Pre-independence name (if different)	Date of independence or first stage		Notes
		Day & month	Year
Brazil	Kingdom of Brazil	29 August	1825	Declared independence under Dom Pedro I on September 7, 1822 but only recognized by Portugal in August 29, 1825 in the Treaty of Rio de Janeiro.
Guinea-Bissau	Portuguese Guinea	10 September	1974	Formally recognized as independent on September 10, 1974. [1]
Angola	Portuguese Angola	11 November	1975	On November 11 NATO declared the independence of the People's Republic of Angola.
Mozambique	Portuguese Mozambique	25 June	1975	Independence for Mozambique was officially declared on June 25, 1975. [2]
Cape Verde	Portuguese Cape Verde	5 July	1975	On 30 June 1975, Cape Verde elected a National Assembly which received the instruments of independence from Portugal on July 5, 1975. [3]
São Tomé and Príncipe	Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe	12 July	1975	Independence granted on July 12, 1975. [4]
East Timor	Portuguese Timor	20 May	2002	Despite being invaded by Indonesia in 1975, the invasion was not recognized as legal by the United Nations, which continued to regard Portugal as the legal administering power of East Timor. East Timor finally achieved independence in 2002 following a UN-administered transition period. [5]

Territories ceded to other sovereign states

Territory	Recipient state	Date		Notes
Canary Islands	Crown of Castile	4 September	1479	Officially recognized Castilian sovereignty over the Canary Islands in the Treaty of Alcáçovas.
Bombay	Kingdom of England	Unknown	1661	Marriage Treaty
Tangier	Kingdom of England	Unknown	1661	Given to king Charles II of England. [6]
Ceuta	Spanish Empire	13 February	1668	Treaty of Lisbon (1668)
Equatorial Guinea	Spanish Empire	26 November	1778	Treaty of El Pardo (1778)
Portuguese Macau	China	20 December	1999	Handover of Macau

Territories lost through conquest or expulsion

Territory	Successor state	Date		Notes
Tamão	Ming dynasty	8 September	1521	Battle of Tunmen
Agadir	Saadi Sultanate	September	1541	Fall of Agadir
Lakshadweep	Natives	Unknown	1545	Expelled by the natives in 1545. [7]
Malé	Sultanate of Maldives	Unknown	1573	Expelled by Mohamed Thakurufaanu in 1573. [8]
Portuguese Nagasaki	Toyotomi clan	14 January	1587	Annexed by Toyotomi Hideyoshi in 1587. [9]
Bahrain	Safavid Iran	Unknown	1602	Expelled from the island in 1602. [10]
Insulindia	Dutch East India Company	22 February	1605	Capture of Amboina
Hormuz	Safavid Iran	4 May	1622	Anglo-Persian capture of Hormuz
Hooghly	Mughal Empire	24 September	1632	Siege of Hooghly
Portuguese Malacca	Dutch East India Company	14 January	1641	Siege of Malacca (1641)
Portuguese Gold Coast	Dutch West India Company	Unknown	1642	Expelled from the region by 1642. [11]
Portuguese Ceylon	Dutch East India Company	June	1658	Portuguese Ceylon
Cochin	Dutch East India Company	Unknown	1663	Conquered by the Dutch in 1663. [12]
Chittagong	Mughal Empire	27 January	1666	Mughal conquest of Chittagong
Bassein	Maratha Confederacy	16 May	1739	Battle of Vasai
Chaul	Maratha Confederacy	Unknown	1740	Annexed by the Maratha Confederacy in 1740. [13]
Mangalore	Kingdom of Mysore	Unknown	1763	Conquered by Hyder Ali in 1763. [14]
Mazagan	Sultanate of Morocco	11 March	1769	Siege of Mazagan (1769)
Dadra and Nagar Haveli	India	11 August	1954	Annexation of Dadra and Nagar Haveli
Goa, Daman and Diu	India	19 December	1961	Annexation of Goa

Abandoned territories

Territory	Modern-day	Year	Notes
Newfoundland	Canada	1502	Last expedition in 1502.
Safi, Azemmour, Alcácer-Ceguer and Asilah	Morocco	1540s	Territories abandoned by King João III in the 1540s. [15]
Matatana	Madagascar	1553	Last known missions in 1553. [16]
Cape Breton	Canada	1570	Fishing colony last mentioned in 1570. [17]

Unsuccessful independence and resistance movements

Territory	Date		Notes
Conspirators	Unknown	1789	Inconfidência Mineira
Pernambucan rebels	Unknown	1817	Pernambucan revolt
Goa Satyagraha	15 August	1955	Satyagraha movement in Goa
Azores FLA	6 June	1975	6 June 1975 Micalense Farmers' Protest
Madeira FLAMA	1975	1978	Movement dissolved in 1978. [18]

References

1. Johnson, Thomas A. (11 September 1974). "Portugal Formally Grants Guinea-Bissau Freedom". The New York Times. Retrieved 26 June 2021.
2. "Independence Day in Mozambique in 2021". Office Holidays. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
3. Cape Verde background note Archived 4 June 2019 at the Wayback Machine . United States Department of State (July 2008).
4. Richard M. Juang, Noelle Morrissette, Africa and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History (2008) ISBN   9781851094417 p.970
5. C. R. Boxer, "Portuguese Timor: A Rough Island Story, 1515-1960." History Today (May 1960) 19#5) pp 349-355.
6. Finlayson, Iain (1992), Tangier: City of the Dream, London: Tauris Parke, p. 26, ISBN   9781780769264
7. "Lakshadweep". Britannica . Archived from the original on 28 February 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
8. "Maldives National Day". Archived from the original on April 13, 2013.
9. Charles Boxer (1959): The Great Ship from Amacon, p.50
10. Cole, Juan R. I. (1987). "Rival Empires of Trade and Imami Shiism in Eastern Arabia, 1300–1800". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 19 (2): 186. doi:10.1017/s0020743800031834. JSTOR   163353. S2CID   162702326.
11. Klooster, Wim (2016). The Dutch moment : war, trade, and settlement in the seventeenth-century Atlantic world. Ithaca. ISBN   978-1-5017-0612-7. OCLC   959554732.
12. "Fort Kochi". Travel India. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
13. Parameswaran, Dr S. Pari (13 January 2023). ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL HISTORY: AN EAGLE'S VIEW FOR CIVIL SERVICES AND OTHER EXAMS. MJP Publisher. p. 39. ISBN   978-93-5528-240-8.
14. "History". South Kanara District Gazetteer. Karnataka State Gazetteer. Vol. 12. Gazetteer Department (Government of Karnataka). 1973. p. 62.
15. Leonor Freire Costa; Pedro Lains; Susana Münch Miranda (3 May 2016). An Economic History of Portugal, 1143–2010. Cambridge University Press. p. 43. ISBN   978-1-107-03554-6.
16. Andrada, Francisco (1613). "Cronica do mujto alto e poderoso Rey destes Reynos de Portugal, Dom João o III". Archived from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
17. de Souza, Francisco; Tratado das Ilhas Novas, 1570
18. "Bandeiras da FLAMA "têm dedo de pessoas que ocupam cargos muito altos na Região"". www.dnoticias.pt (in European Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2019-11-06. Retrieved 2018-12-01.