List of names of Odin

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Odin the Wanderer (the meaning of his name Gangleri); illustration by Georg von Rosen, 1886 Georg von Rosen - Oden som vandringsman, 1886 (Odin, the Wanderer).jpg
Odin the Wanderer (the meaning of his name Gangleri); illustration by Georg von Rosen, 1886

Odin (Old Norse Óðinn) is a widely attested god in Germanic mythology. The god is referred to by numerous names and kenningar, particularly in the Old Norse record.

Contents

List

List
Name
(Old Norse)
Name
(anglicized)
MeaningSources
Aldafaðr or Aldafǫðr'Father of mankind' [1] Óðins nǫfn (1), Vafþrúðnismál (4, 53)
AldagautrMan-Gautr [1] Baldrs draumar (2)
AlfǫðrAlfodrAll-father [2] Gylfaginning , Skáldskaparmál , Grímnismál (48), Óðins nǫfn (2)
AlgingautrThe aged Gautr The Icelandic rune poem (4)
Angan FriggjarDelight of Frigg Vǫluspá (54)
ArnhǫfðiThe one with the eagle's head [3] Óðins nǫfn (2)
Atriðr, AtriðiAttacker [4] Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (48), Óðins nǫfn (1)
Asagrim (< *Ásagrimmr) [5] Lord of the Aesir Stolt Herr Alf
AuðunFriend of wealth (Edwin, Audoin)Óðins nǫfn (1)
Bági ulfsEnemy of the Wolf Sonatorrek (24)
Baldrs faðir Baldr's fatherLausavísa from Styrbjarnar þáttr Svíakappa [6]
BáleygrBaleygThe one with flaming eyes [7] Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (47), Hallfreðr vandræðaskáld's Hákonardrápa (6), Gísl Illugason's Erfikvæði um Magnús berfœtt (1), þulur , Óðins nǫfn (6), Grettisrímur V (61)
Biflindi [8] The one with the painted shieldGylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nǫfn (6)
BileygrBileygThe one with poor sight [9] Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), þulur, Óðins nǫfn (5)
Blindi, BlindrThe blind one [10] Gylfaginning, Helgakviða Hundingsbana II (prose)
Brúni, BrúnnThe brown one or possibly the one with bushy eyebrows [11] Óðins nǫfn (6)
Bǫðgæðir (attested in its genitive form bǫðgœðis)Battle promoterA verse by Hofgarða-Refr Gestsson, Skáldskaparmál
BǫlverkrEvil-doer, malefactor [12] Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Hávamál (109), Grímnismál (47), Óðins nǫfn (7)
Bors niðr (Bors niðjar) Bor's sonA verse by Egill Skallagrímsson (Lv 23, V), Egils saga
BragiChieftain, lord [13] Hǫfuðlausn (31)
Bróðir Vilis, Bróðir ViljaVili's brotherSonatorrek (23)
Burs arfþegiBor's heir Hyndluljóð 30
ByrlindiDistorted version of Biflindi [14] Sturlaugsrímur III (50)
Darraðr, Dorruðr [15] Spearman
DraugadróttinnLord of the undead / Lord of ghosts [16] Ynglinga saga (Ch 7)
DresvarprÓðins nǫfn (2)
EylúðrThe ever boomingÓðins nǫfn (6)
Faðmbyggvir Friggjar [15] Dweller in Frigg's Embrace
Farmagnuðr, FarmǫgnuðrJourney empowerer Háleygjatal (2), Skáldskaparmál
Farmaguð, FarmatýrFarmagud, FarmatyrGod of burdens [17] Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (48), Óðins nǫfn (2)
Farmr galgaGallows' burden
FengrCatch; catcher; the one who leads the fallen heroes to Valhalla [18] Óðins nǫfn (2)
Fimbulþulr [19] FimbulthulMighty thulr; mighty speaker, mighty wise one [20] Hávamál (80, 142)
FimbultýrFimbultyrMighty god [20] Vǫluspá (60)
Fjallgeiguðr Shape godÓðins nǫfn (2)
Fjǫlnir [21] FjolnirPossibly 'the one who knows much' [22] Grímnismál (47), Reginsmál (18), Gylfaginning (3, 20), many skaldic poems, þulur, Óðins nǫfn (2), Skíðaríma (91, 174)
FjǫlsviðrFjolsvid, FjolsvinThe very wise one [23] Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nǫfn (2)
FornǫlvirHeathen ǫlvir [24] Óðins nǫfn (2)
Fráríðr, FráríðiThe one riding away [25] Óðins nǫfn (2), Grettisrímur III (1), Sturlaugsrímur VI (47)
FundinnThe found one (according to Rudolf Simek, it is unclear if this refers to Odin) [26] Óláfsrímur Tryggvasonar A III (1)
Gagnráðr, GangráðrGagnrad, GangradThe one who advises against [27] Vafþrúðnismál (8, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17)
Gangleri [28] Perhaps: the one tired from walking [29] Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (46), Óðins nǫfn (3)
GautatýrGautatyr Gautland-god [30] Skáldskaparmál, Eyvindr skáldaspillir's Hákonarmál (1)
Gautr, Gauti [31] Gaut 'Gotlander' [30] Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (54), Óðins nǫfn (1), Friðþjófsrímur , Skíðaríma , Landrésrímur , Hjálmþérsrímur , Geiplur , Bjarkarímur , Griplur , Þrændlur , Skáldhelgarímur , Blávusrímur , Geirarðsrímur , Vǫlsungsrímur
GeirlǫðnirThe one who invites to the spear-battle [32] Óðins nǫfn (3)
GeirǫlnirSpear chargerÓðins nǫfn (5)
GeirtýrGore/Spear god
GeirvaldrGore/Spear master
GinnarrDeceiverÓðins nǫfn (1)
Gizurr [33] RiddlerÓðins nǫfn (1)
Gestumblindi Blind guest Hervarar saga (10), þulur, Óðins nǫfn (7)
GlapsviðrGlapsvid, GlapsvinSwift in deceit, swift tricker, maddener, wise in magical spellsGylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nǫfn (3)
Godan/GodenLombard name for OdinFoulke (2003 [1974]:315–17)
Goði hrafnblóts Goði of the Raven-offering
GoðjaðarrGod protectorSonatorrek (23)
GǫllnirYellerÓðins nǫfn (3)
GollorrYellerÓðins nǫfn (1)
GǫllungrYellerÓðins nǫfn (5)
Gǫndlir [34] GondlirWand-Bearer, Wand-WielderGylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nǫfn (3)
Gramr HliðskjálfarKing of Hliðskjálf
GrímnirGrimnirHooded, masked oneGylfaginning, Grímnismál (introduction, 47, 49), Hallfreðr vandræðaskáld's lausavísur (9), Eilífr Goðrúnarson's Þórsdrápa (3), Húsdrápa (1), Rǫgnvaldr kali Kolsson's lausavísur (7), þulur, Óðins nǫfn (1)
GrímrGrimMaskGylfaginning, Grímnismál (46, 47), þulur, Óðins nǫfn (3, 7)
GunnblindiBattle blinderÓðins nǫfn (8)
HagvirkrSkillful workerÓðins nǫfn (4)
HangadróttinnLord of the hanged [35] Ynglinga saga (Ch 7)
Hangaguð, HangatýrHangagud, HangatyrGod of the HangedGylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál
HangiHanged One
HaptabeiðirCommander of leaders
HaptaguðHaptagudGod of prisonersGylfaginning
HaptasnytrirTeacher of gods
HaptsǫnirîFetter loosener
HárbarðrHarbardHoary beard, grey beardGylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Hárbardsljód , þulur, Óðins nǫfn (3)
HárrHarHighGylfaginning, Grímnismál (46), Óðins nǫfn (2)
Harri HliðskjálfarLord of Hliðskjálf
HáviHaviHigh oneHávamál (109, 111, 164), Óðins nǫfn (4)
Heimþinguðr hangaVisitor of the hanged
Helblindi [36] / Hel blinderGylfaginning, Grímnismál (46)
Hengikeptr, HengikjoptHang jawÓðins nǫfn (4)
HerblindiHost blinderÓðins nǫfn (5)
Herfǫðr, HerjafǫðrHerfodr, HerjafodrFather of hostsGylfaginning, Vǫluspá (29, 43), Vafthrúdnismál (2), Grímnismál (19, 25, 26), Óðins nǫfn (5)
HergautrHost Gautr
Herjan/Warrior, harrier, lord, leader of hostsGylfaginning, Grímnismál (46), Óðins nǫfn (2), Vǫluspá (31)
HerteitrHerteitGlad of warGylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nǫfn (3)
HertýrHertyrHost-Týr or god of hostsSkáldskaparmál
HildolfrBattle wolf
HjaldrgegnirEngager of battle
HjaldrgoðGod of battle
HjálmberiHjalmberiHelmet bearerGylfaginning, Grímnismál (46), þulur, Óðins nǫfn (2)
HjarrandiScreamerÓðins nǫfn (4)
HléfreyrFamous/barrow lordÓðins nǫfn (5)
HleifruðrWayfinderÓðins nǫfn (4)
HnikarrHnikarOverthrower, thrusterGylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Reginsmál (18, 19), Óðins nǫfn (2)
HnikuðrHnikudOverthrowerGylfaginning, Grímnismál (48), Óðins nǫfn (1)
HoárrOne-eyed
HǫtterHatter, hat-wearer
HoviHigh one
Hrafnaguð, HrafnássHrafnagudRaven godGylfaginning (38)
HrafnfreistuðrRaven tester
HramiFetterer, ripperÓðins nǫfn (4)
HraniBlusterer Latin inscription, Hrólfs saga kraka
HrjóðrRoarerÓðins nǫfn (4)
Hroptr, HroptatýrHropt, HroptatyrSage [37] Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Hákonarmál (14), Úlfr Uggason's Húsdrápa (8), Hávamál (160), Grímnismál (54), Sigrdrífumál (13), Óðins nǫfn (2, 3, 5), Vǫluspá (62)
HrosshársgraniHorse-hair moustache Gautreks saga , Óðins nǫfn (4)
HvatmóðrCourage of the whet-stone Óðins nǫfn (5)
HveðrungrRoarer or weather-makerÓðins nǫfn (5)
ÍtrekrGlorious ruler Hervarar saga ok Heiðreks [38]
JafnhárrJafnharEvenhigh, just as high, equally highGylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nǫfn (8)
JalfaðrYellow-brown back
Jálg, JálkrJalkHorse, gelding [39] [40] Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49, 54), Óðins nǫfn (7)
JárngrímrIron mask
Jólnir, Jǫlnir Yule figureÓðins nǫfn (7)
JolfrHorse-wolf, bear
Jǫlfuðr, JǫlfǫðrYule fatherÓðins nǫfn (8)
JǫrmunrThe mighty one, cosmicÓðins nǫfn (8)
KjalarrKjalarKeel, nourisherGylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nǫfn (1)
LangbarðrLangbardLong-beardþulur, Óðins nǫfn (7)
Lǫndungr, LoðungrShaggy cloak wearerÓðins nǫfn (7)
Niðr BorsBor's kin
NjótrUser, enjoyer or needed oneÓðins nǫfn (6)
OdinFrenzy, rage, inspiration
ÓfnirInciterÓðins nǫfn (7)
OlgrProtector, hawkÓðins nǫfn (6)
ÓmiOmiResounding oneGylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nǫfn (7)
ÓskiOskiGod of wishes, wished forGylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nǫfn (8)
RauðgraniRed mustache Bárðar saga Snæfellsáss 18, [41] Ǫrvar-Odds saga 19ff. [42]
ReiðartýrWagon god or god of riders
RǫgnirChief, he who reignsÓðins nǫfn (5)
RúnatýrGod of runes
Runni vagnaMover of constellations
SaðrSadr, SannTruthful, soothGylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nǫfn (8)
SanngetallFinder of truthGylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nǫfn (7)
SíðgraniSidgraniLong-beard Alvíssmál (6)
Síðhǫttr [43] SidhottBroad hatGylfaginning, Grímnismál (48), þulur, Óðins nǫfn (4)
SíðskeggrSidskeggLong-beardGylfaginning, Grímnismál (48), þulur, Óðins nǫfn (6)
SigðirVictory giverÓðins nǫfn (6)
SigfǫðrSigfodrFather of victory, war fatherGylfaginning, Vǫluspá (54), Grímnismál (48), Óðins nǫfn (4)
SiggautrVictory Gautr Óðins nǫfn (6)
SigrhǫfundrVictory authorSonatorrek (22)
SigmundrVictory protectionÓðins nǫfn (6)
SigrúnnrVictory tree
SigtryggrSure of victory, victory-trueÓðins nǫfn (8)
Sigtýr [44] SigtyrGod of victory, war godSkáldskaparmál, Atlakviða (30), Glúmr Geirason's Gráfeldardrápa (12)
SigþrórSuccessful in victory, thriving in victoryÓðins nǫfn (8)
SkilfingrSkilfingTrembler or he of HliðskjálfGylfaginning, Grímnismál (54), Óðins nǫfn (8)
SkollvaldrRuler of treacheryÓðins nǫfn (6)
Sonr BestluSon of Bestla
Spjalli GautaFriend of the GothsSonatorrek (21)
Sváfnir [45] SvafnirSleep bringer, closerGylfaginning, Grímnismál (54), Óðins nǫfn (4) [46] [47]
SveigðirReed bringer [48]
SviðarrSvidarGylfaginning
SviðrirSvidrirCalmerGylfaginning, Grímnismál (50), Óðins nǫfn (6)
SviðuðrÓðins nǫfn (4)
SviðurrSvidurWise oneGylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (50), Óðins nǫfn (6)
SvipallChanging, fleeting (or shape-shifter)Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nǫfn (3)
SvǫlnirSvolnirCoolerSkáldskaparmál, Óðins nǫfn (6)
TveggiDouble, twofoldÓðins nǫfn (8) Vǫluspá (63)
TvíblindiTviblindiTwice blindþulur, Óðins nǫfn (4)
ÞekkrThekkKnown, welcome oneGylfaginning, Grímnismál (46), Óðins nǫfn (7)
ÞrasarrQuarrelerÓðins nǫfn (4)
ÞriðiThridiThirdGylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (46), Óðins nǫfn (5)
ÞriggiTriple
ÞrórThrorBurgeoning, thrivingGylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nǫfn (8)
ÞróttrThrottStrength Glymdrápa (2)
ÞuðrThud, ThunnLean, paleGylfaginning, Óðins nǫfn (7)
ÞundrThundThundererGylfaginning, Hávamál (145), Grímnismál (46, 54), Óðins nǫfn (7)
UðrUd, Unn [49] Loved, beloved, striverGylfaginning, Grímnismál (46), Óðins nǫfn (7)
VáfuðrVafudWandererGylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (54)
Váfuðr GungnisSwinger of Gungnir
Váði vitnisFoe of the wolf
VakrVakWakeful, awakenerGylfaginning, Grímnismál (54), Óðins nǫfn (7)
Valdr galgaRuler of gallows
Valdr vagnbrautarRuler of Heaven
ValfǫðrValfodrFather of the slainGylfaginning, Vǫluspá (1, 27, 28), Grímnismál (48), þulur, Óðins nǫfn (5)
ValgautrValgautSlaughter-Gautr, Geat of the slainSkáldskaparmál, Óðins nǫfn (8)
ValkjosandiChooser of the slain
Valtamr, ValtamSlain tame, the warrior
ValtýrGod of the slain
ValþognirReceiver of the slain
VegtamWanderer or way-tameBaldrs draumar (6, 13)
VeratýrVeratyrGod of men, god of beingGylfaginning, Óðins nǫfn (8)
ViðfrägerWide-famed
ViðrirVidrirStormerGylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Lokasenna (26)

Hrafnagaldr Óðins (9)

Viðrímnir, ViðhrimnirContrary screamer or wide hoary-beardÓðins nǫfn (1)
ViðurrVidurKillerGylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nǫfn (6), Karlevi Runestone
VingnirSwingerÓðins nǫfn (5)
Vinr LoptsFriend of Loptr
Vinr LóðursFriend of Lóðurr
Vinr MímsFriend of Mímir Sonatorrek (23)
Vinr stallaFriend of altars
VófuðrDanglerÓðins nǫfn (5)
Vǫlundr rómu Smith of battle
YggrYggTerrible OneGylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Vǫluspá (28), Grímnismál (53, 54), Óðins nǫfn (8)
Ýjungr, ÝrungrStormy or of the primal streamsÓðins nǫfn (8)

In Old English, Odin was known as Wōden; in Old Saxon, as Wōdan; and in Old High German, as Wuotan or Wōtan.[ citation needed ]

See also

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 Simek (2007:7)
  2. Simek (2007:8).
  3. Simek (2007:18).
  4. Simek (2007:12).
  5. The use of grimmR and the later form grim in the sense "lord" has only a few occurrences from Sweden. In extant Icelandic material grimmr only appears as an adjective with the meaning "heartless", "strict" and "wicked", which can be compared with the use of adjective gramr ("wrath") as a name for "lord"; see "grimmR". Runic Dictionary. University of Nottingham. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022.
  6. Townend, Matthew (2 July 2012). "Anonymous Lausavísur, Lausavísur from Styrbjarnar þáttr Svíakappa 1". Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages. p. 1076. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 2 July 2022 via skaldic.org.
  7. Simek (2007:36).
  8. Simek (2007:32).
  9. Simek (2007:37).
  10. Simek (2007:38).
  11. Simek (2007:46).
  12. Simek (2007:40).
  13. Simek (2007:43).
  14. Finnur Jónsson (1926–28). Ordbog til de af samfund til udg. af gml. nord. litteratur udgivne rímur samt til de af Dr. O. Jiriczek udgivne bósarimur, pp. 51–51. København: J. Jørgensen & Co.
  15. 1 2 Blumetti, Robert. (2019). The Norse Gods and Their Myths, p. 130
  16. Heimskringla I (2011) Ch. 7, pp.10.
  17. Simek (2007:78).
  18. Simek (2007:79).
  19. Also the name of a river, one of the Élivágar.
  20. 1 2 Simek (2007:83).
  21. Also the name of a mythological king of Sweden, Fjǫlnir.
  22. Simek (2007:84-85).
  23. Simek (2007:85).
  24. Simek (2007:88).
  25. Simek (2007:89).
  26. Simek (2007:96).
  27. Simek (2007:97 & 99).
  28. Also an assumed name used by Gylfi.
  29. Simek (2007:99).
  30. 1 2 Simek (2007:100).
  31. Also the name of a member of a defunct Scandinavian nation, one of the Geats.
  32. Simek (2007:102).
  33. Also the name of a Geatish king, Gizurr.
  34. "Geldnir" in some manuscripts.
  35. Heimskringla I (2011) Ch. 7, pp.10.
  36. Also the name of a brother of Loki.
  37. The meaning is disputed; Lindow (2001:185) notes Magnus Olsen's argument that Hroptr is associated with Odin's seductions, since in Saxo Grammaticus ' Gesta Danorum , he takes the name Rofterus when seducing Rind; Larrington (1996:12) translates Hroptr as "sage" in Vǫluspá.
  38. Inferred to be a name of Odin from Ítreksjóð , 'offspring of Ítrekr', in a list of Odin's sons in the Eddaic þulur . See Burrows, Hannah (2014). "Wit and Wisdom: The Worldview of the Old Norse-Icelandic Riddles and Their Relationship to Eddic Poetry". In Chase, Martin (ed.). Eddic, Skaldic, and Beyond: Poetic Variety in Medieval Iceland and Norway. New York: Fordham University. p. 122. ISBN   9780823257812.
  39. Prose, ONP: Dictionary of Old Norse. "ONP: jalkr sb. m., jalkur". ONP. Retrieved 17 June 2025.
  40. "Old Norse Dictionary - Jálkr". Cleasby & Vigfusson - Old Norse Dictionary. Retrieved 17 June 2025.
  41. ed. Þórhallur Vilmundarson/Bjarni Vilhjálmsson, Íslenzk fornrit 13, Reykjavík 1991, p. 163
  42. ed. Guðni Jónsson, Fornaldar sǫgur Norðurlanda 2, Reykjavík 1954, pp. 279ff.
  43. "Sidhofr" in other manuscripts.
  44. The plural sigtívar refers to the gods in many Eddic poems.
  45. Also the name of a serpent found in the wellspring of Hvergelmir.
  46. The root svaf- is an Indo-European cognate to words meaning sleep (Greek hypnos; Latin sopor, sopio, somnus; etc.)
  47. Mallory, James P.; Adams, Douglas Q. (1997). Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture. London: Routledge. p. 527. ISBN   978-1-884964-98-5.
  48. ee the story of Vikarr.
  49. Also the name of one of the nine daughters of Ægir.

Further reading