List of recombinant proteins

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The following is a list of notable proteins that are produced from recombinant DNA, using biomolecular engineering. [1] In many cases, recombinant human proteins have replaced the original animal-derived version used in medicine. The prefix "rh" for "recombinant human" appears less and less in the literature. A much larger number of recombinant proteins is used in the research laboratory. These include both commercially available proteins (for example most of the enzymes used in the molecular biology laboratory), and those that are generated in the course specific research projects.

Contents

Human recombinants that largely replaced animal or harvested from human types

Medicinal applications

Research applications

Human recombinants with recombination as only source

Medicinal applications

Animal recombinants

Medicinal applications

Bacterial recombinants

Industrial applications

Viral recombinants

Medicinal applications

Plant recombinants

Research applications

Industrial applications

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Interferon</span> Signaling proteins released by host cells in response to the presence of pathogens

Interferons are a group of signaling proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of several viruses. In a typical scenario, a virus-infected cell will release interferons causing nearby cells to heighten their anti-viral defenses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Protein production</span>

Protein production is the biotechnological process of generating a specific protein. It is typically achieved by the manipulation of gene expression in an organism such that it expresses large amounts of a recombinant gene. This includes the transcription of the recombinant DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA), the translation of mRNA into polypeptide chains, which are ultimately folded into functional proteins and may be targeted to specific subcellular or extracellular locations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Recombinant DNA</span> DNA molecules formed by human agency at a molecular level generating novel DNA sequences

Recombinant DNA (rDNA) molecules are DNA molecules formed by laboratory methods of genetic recombination that bring together genetic material from multiple sources, creating sequences that would not otherwise be found in the genome.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tyrosinase</span> Enzyme for controlling the production of melanin

Tyrosinase is an oxidase that is the rate-limiting enzyme for controlling the production of melanin. The enzyme is mainly involved in two distinct reactions of melanin synthesis otherwise known as the Raper Mason pathway. Firstly, the hydroxylation of a monophenol and secondly, the conversion of an o-diphenol to the corresponding o-quinone. o-Quinone undergoes several reactions to eventually form melanin. Tyrosinase is a copper-containing enzyme present in plant and animal tissues that catalyzes the production of melanin and other pigments from tyrosine by oxidation. It is found inside melanosomes which are synthesized in the skin melanocytes. In humans, the tyrosinase enzyme is encoded by the TYR gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cathepsin S</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Cathepsin S is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTSS gene. Transcript variants utilizing alternative polyadenylation signals exist for this gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cathepsin B</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Cathepsin B belongs to a family of lysosomal cysteine proteases known as the cysteine cathepsins and plays an important role in intracellular proteolysis. In humans, cathepsin B is encoded by the CTSB gene. Cathepsin B is upregulated in certain cancers, in pre-malignant lesions, and in various other pathological conditions.

Polyphenol oxidase, an enzyme involved in fruit browning, is a tetramer that contains four atoms of copper per molecule.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cathepsin A</span>

Cathepsin A is an enzyme that is classified both as a cathepsin and a carboxypeptidase. In humans, it is encoded by the CTSA gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Interleukin 10 receptor, alpha subunit</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cathepsin D</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Cathepsin D is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTSD gene. This gene encodes a lysosomal aspartyl protease composed of a protein dimer of disulfide-linked heavy and light chains, both produced from a single protein precursor. Cathepsin D is an aspartic endo-protease that is ubiquitously distributed in lysosomes. The main function of cathepsin D is to degrade proteins and activate precursors of bioactive proteins in pre-lysosomal compartments. This proteinase, which is a member of the peptidase A1 family, has a specificity similar to but narrower than that of pepsin A. Transcription of the CTSD gene is initiated from several sites, including one that is a start site for an estrogen-regulated transcript. Mutations in this gene are involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including breast cancer and possibly Alzheimer disease. Homozygous deletion of the CTSD gene leads to early lethality in the postnatal phase. Deficiency of CTSD gene has been reported an underlying cause of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cathepsin L1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Cathepsin L1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTSL1 gene. The protein is a cysteine cathepsin, a lysosomal cysteine protease that plays a major role in intracellular protein catabolism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IFNB1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Interferon beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IFNB1 gene. The natural and recombinant protein forms have antiviral, antibacterial, and anticancer properties.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">EIF2S1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 (eIF2α) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF2S1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PSME2</span> Protein found in humans

Proteasome activator complex subunit 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PSME2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LAMP1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP-1) also known as lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 and CD107a, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LAMP1 gene. The human LAMP1 gene is located on the long arm (q) of chromosome 13 at region 3, band 4 (13q34).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cathepsin H</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Cathepsin H is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTSH gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cathepsin L2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Cathepsin L2 is a protein encoded in humans by the CTSV gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cathepsin F</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens (Humans)

Cathepsin F is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTSF gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IFNW1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Interferon omega-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IFNW1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IFNAR1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Interferon-alpha/beta receptor alpha chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IFNAR1 gene.

References

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