List of rulers of Württemberg

Last updated

Monarchy of Württemberg
Provincial/State
Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Wurttemberg 1817-1921.svg
Andersen & Klemm - Wilhelm II. von Wurttemberg (1892 RB25-21).jpg
William II
Details
Style His Majesty
First monarch Conrad I (as Count)
Last monarch William II (as King)
Formation1081
Abolition30 November 1918
AppointerHereditary
Pretender(s) Wilhelm, Duke of Württemberg
Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Wurttemberg 1806-1817. Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Wurttemberg 1806-1817.svg
Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Württemberg 1806-1817.

This article lists the Counts, Dukes, Electors, and Kings who ruled over different territories named Württemberg from the beginning of the County of Württemberg in the 11th century to the end of the Kingdom of Württemberg in 1918.

Contents

Counts and Dukes of Württemberg

House of Württemberg

Partitions of Württemberg under Württemberg rule

County of Württemberg
(1089-1442)
      County of
Württemberg-Stuttgart

(1442–82)
County of
Württemberg-Montbéliard

(Stuttgart line, 1st creation)
(1473–82)
County of
Württemberg-Urach

(1442–82)
      
County of
Württemberg-Montbéliard

Revived:
1526-34 (2nd creation)
1542-50 (3rd creation)
1553-93 (4th creation)
County and Duchy of Württemberg
Elevated to Duchy in 1495; Annexed to Austria 1519-34
(1482-1617)
(Urach line until 1495; Stuttgart line until 1498)
(Montbéliard line from 1498 onwards)
      Duchy of
Württemberg-Weitlingen

(1588-1705)
      
Duchy of
Württemberg-Montbéliard

(1617-1723)
(Twice annexed to France:
1676-79, 1680–97)
Duchy of
Württemberg-Neuenstadt

(1st creation)
(1617–31)
Duchy of
Württemberg

(1617-1803)
(Winnental line from 1733)
      Duchy of
Württemberg-Oels

(1635-1792)
(Wilhelminort line from 1761)
      
Duchy of
Württemberg-Neuenstadt

(2nd creation)
(1649-1742)
      
      Duchy of
Württemberg-Winnental

(1677-1733)
            
            Duchy of
Württemberg-Wilhelminort

(1704-1761)
            
            
      
            
      Annexed to the
Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg

Table of rulers

RulerBornReignDeathRuling partConsortNotes
Conrad I ?1099-11221122 County of Württemberg UnknownConsidered to be founder of the Württemberg dynasty.
Conrad II ?1122-11431143 County of Württemberg UnknownHis mother, Luitgard of Beutelsbach, was a sister of Conrad I. He served as marshal of Swabia [1] and advocate of the town of Ulm, and had large possessions in the valleys of the Neckar and the Rems. Based on the similarity between their coats of arms, it is believed that Conrad II belonged to the family of the Counts of Veringen (Veringenstadt).
Louis I c.10981143-11581158 County of Württemberg Unknown
at least one child
He presumably was Vogt of the Denkendorf monastery.
Louis II c.11371158-11811181 County of Württemberg Willibirg of Kirchberg
(1142-1179)
two children
Hartmann c.11601181-12401240 County of Württemberg ? of Veringen
no children
Sons of Louis II, ruled jointly since 1194. Hartmann inherited Veringen estates through his marriage. Hartmann's children founded a branch of counts of Grüningen-Landau.
Louis III 11661194-12411241 County of Württemberg ? of Dillenburg/Kyburg
four children
Ulrich I the Founder W Dieterlin - Graf Ulrich mit dem Daumen Zeichnung ca1592 (MiSLH315).jpg 12261241-126525 February 1265 County of Württemberg Matilda of Baden
three children

Agnes of Legnica
(d.13 March 1265)
one child
Grandson of Hartmann I, through his son Hermann.
Ulrich II 12541265-127918 September 1279 County of Württemberg Unknown
Eberhard I the Illustrious Stuttgart Stiftskirche Grafenstandbilder Figur 03 Eberhard I.jpg 13 March 12651279-13255 June 1325 County of Württemberg Unknown
two children

Margaret of Lorraine
one child

Irmengard of Baden
three children
Ulrich III 1336 Ulrich III Reichssturmfahne LMZ2 114909.jpg c.12901325-134411 July 1344 County of Württemberg Sophia of Pfirt
1312
two children
Eberhard II the Jarrer Stuttgart Stiftskirche Grafenstandbilder Figur 06 Eberhard der Greiner.jpg c.13151344-139215 March 1392 County of Württemberg Elisabeth of Henneberg-Schleusingen
17 September 1342
two children
Sons of Ulrich III, ruled jointly. Ulrich IV usually stood in the shadow of his elder brother Eberhard II. Because of that, he temporarily strove towards the division of the realm, which motivated Eberhard to force his brother to sign a treaty that stipulated the indivisibility of the county on December 3, 1361. On May 1, 1362, Ulrich IV relinquished his participation in the government.
Ulrich IV Stuttgart Stiftskirche Grafenstandbilder Figur 05 Ulrich IV.jpg c.13151344-13621366 County of Württemberg Katharina of Helfenstein
no children
Eberhard III the Clement Stuttgart Stiftskirche Grafenstandbilder Figur 08 Eberhard III.jpg 13641392-141716 May 1417 County of Württemberg Antonia Visconti
27 October 1380
Urach
three children

Elisabeth of Nuremberg
22 November 1412
one child
Grandson of Eberhard II, through his son Ulrich. His reign was noted by a peace-preserving policy of alliances with the neighboring principalities and imperial towns. Examples are an alliances with 14 Upper-Swabian towns, concluded 27 August 1395 and the Marbachs alliance in 1405. Acquired the County of Montbéliard marrying his son to its heiress.
Eberhard IV the Younger Stuttgart Stiftskirche Grafenstandbilder Figur 09 Eberhard IV.jpg 23 August 13881392-14172 July 1419 County of Württemberg Henriette, Countess of Montbéliard
1407
three children
Took part in government since 1407, and ruled in Montbéliard with his wife since 1409.
Regency of Henriette, Countess of Montbéliard (1419-1433)Sons of Eberhard IV, co-ruled with their mother as regent until 1433. However, they agreed in dividing the county in 1442. Louis also inherited Montbéliard from his mother in 1444, and remodeled Urach into his residence and implemented an active policy to strengthen the monasteries in his realm of power. On his part, Ulrich inherited Stuttgart.
Louis I (IV) [2] c.14121419-144224 September 1450 County of Württemberg Mechthild of the Palatinate
21 October 1436
Stuttgart
five children
1442-1450 Württemberg-Urach
Ulrich V the Well-Loved UlrichV.jpg 14131419-14421 September 1480 County of Württemberg Margaret of Cleves
29 January 1441
Stuttgart
one child

Elisabeth of Bavaria-Landshut
8 February 1445
Stuttgart
five children

Margaret of Savoy
11 November 1453
Stuttgart
three children
1442-1480 Württemberg-Stuttgart
The Treaty of Nürtingen divided the County of Württemberg into two separate lines. Württemberg-Stuttgart, containing the northern and eastern parts of the old county, with the capital Stuttgart; and Württemberg-Urach, containing the southern and western parts, with the capital Urach.
Regency of Eberhard V, Count of Württemberg-Stuttgart (1450-1453)
Louis II 3 April 14391450-14573 November 1457 Württemberg-Urach Unmarried
The Treaty of Münsingen reunited the two separate Lines under Eberhard V in 1482. Eberhard obtained the title of Duke in 1495.
Eberhard V & I the Bearded [3] 900-101 Eberhard im Bart.jpg 11 December 14451457-148224 February 1496 Württemberg-Urach Barbara Gonzaga
12 April/4 July 1474
Urach
one child
Reunited the counties of Württemberg under his rule in 14 December 1482. His title was elevated to Duke in 1495. Founded the University of Tübingen, but expelled the Jews from his lands. He left no descendants, and the duchy passed to the deposed count of Stuttgart.
1482-1495

1495-1496
County of Württemberg

Duchy of Württemberg
Henry Heinrich wuerttemberg.jpg 7 September 14481473-148215 April 1519 Württemberg-Montbéliard Elisabeth of Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Bitsch
(d. 17 February 1487)
1485
one child

Eva of Salm
21 July 1488
two children
The 1473 Treaty of Urach awarded the county of Montbéliard and other Württemberg possessions on the left bank of the Rhine to Henry. In the course of a dispute between Duke Charles the Bold of Burgundy and Emperor Frederick III, Charles took Henry prisoner in 1474. The captivity lasted until 1477 and Henry was treated very badly, allegedly including a mock execution. After his father's death in 1480, Henry claimed Württemberg-Stuttgart. He did not succeed, and in the 1482 Treaty of Reichenweier, he gave the county of Montbéliard to his brother, Eberhard II.
Montbéliard was annexed to Württemberg
Eberhard VI & II [3] 52Eberhard II.jpg 1 February 14471480-148217 February 1504 Württemberg-Stuttgart Elisabeth of Brandenburg
April/May 1467
Stuttgart
no children
Deposed by the count of Urach, who reunited both halves of the county, he later achieved sovereignty over the whole Württemberg as Duke Eberhard II. But he soon ran into trouble with the nobility, who disempowered him, working in close collaboration with Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor. He fled to Ulm, but as he didn't find support, he was forced to accept the Arbitration of Horb in 1498, which deposed and banished him, in exchange for an annual pension of 6,000 guilders.
1496-1498 Duchy of Württemberg
Regency of the Estates of the realm (1498-1503)Son of Henry and nephew of Eberhard II. Infamous for his violent tendencies, which caused marital problems, and which, at a greater extent, had him deposed in January 1519 and the duchy annexed to Austria. In exile, and away from his wife, who fled to Bavaria, he befriended Philip, landgrave of Hesse. Restored in May 1534, he aimed to bring the Reformation to the Duchy and, as Henry VIII of England was doing in his country, he also supported the Dissolution of the Monasteries.
Ulrich 900-121 Herzog Ulrich.jpg 8 February 14871498-1519

1534-1550
6 November 1550 Duchy of Württemberg Sabina of Bavaria
2 March 1511
two children
Württemberg annexed to Austria: 1519-1534
George I the Cautious George I of Wurttemberg-Mompelgard.jpg 4 February 14981526-1534

1553-1558
17 July 1558 Württemberg-Montbéliard Barbara of Hesse
1555
three children
Son of Henry and nephew of Eberhard II. He was deposed by his half-brother Ulrich and was only restored to his title under his nephew Christoph.
Montbéliard was annexed to Württemberg in 1534, and revived in 1542
Christopher the Pacific Abraham Hel 001.jpg 12 May 15151542-155328 December 1568 Württemberg-Montbéliard Anna Maria of Brandenburg-Ansbach
24 February 1544
Ansbach
twelve children
He re-organized the entire administration of the church and state. He also reformed and supported the educational system. He also reconstructed the Altes Schloss in Stuttgart and hosted many celebrations.
1550-1568 Duchy of Württemberg
Regencies of Anna Maria of Brandenburg-Ansbach, George Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach and Charles II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (1568-77) and Wolfgang, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken (1568-69)Left no descendants, and the duchy passed to his brother Frederick I.
Louis the Pious [4] 114Lexikon Wurttemberg.jpg 1 January 15541568-159328 August 1593 Duchy of Württemberg Dorothea Ursula of Baden-Durlach
(20 June 1559-19 May 1583)
7 November 1575
no children

Ursula of Palatinate-Veldenz
(24 February 1572-5 March 1635)
1585
no children
Frederick I Friedrich I, Herzog von Wurttemberg (1557-1608).jpg 19 August 15571558-159329 January 1608 Württemberg-Montbéliard Sibylla of Anhalt
22 May 1581
Stuttgart
fifteen children
1593-1608 Duchy of Württemberg
Montbéliard merged into Württemberg in 1593
John Frederick 900-185 Herzog Johann Friedrich.jpg 5 May 15821608-162818 July 1628 Duchy of Württemberg Barbara Sophie of Brandenburg
5 November 1609
Urach
nine children
Restored the constitution and councils abolished by his father. After the division in 1617, and as the eldest, he kept the main duchy of Württemberg
Louis Frederick Louis Frederick, Duke of Wurtemberg (1586-1631).jpg 29 January 15861617-163126 January 1631 Württemberg-Montbéliard Elisabeth Magdalena of Hesse-Darmstadt
(23 April 1600 - 9 June 1624)
14 July 1617
three children

Anna Eleonora of Nassau-Saarbrücken
15 May 1625
three children
Son of Frederick I, after the partition of 1617 received Montbéliard.
Frederick Achilles Friedrich-achilles-wuertt-n.jpg 5 May 15911617-163130 December 1631 Württemberg-Neuenstadt Unmarried Son of Frederick I, after the partition of 1617 received Neuenstadt. After his death without descendants, the duchy was briefly reannexed to the main Württemberg before being reassigned to his nephew.
Neuenstadt merged in Württemberg in 1631
Julius Frederick 1588 Julius Friedrich.jpg 3 June 15881617-163525 April 1635 Württemberg-Weiltingen Anna Sabina of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg
11 December 1618
Sønderborg
nine children
Son of Frederick I, after the partition of 1617 received Weiltingen.
Regencies of Louis Frederick, Duke of Württemberg-Montbéliard (1628-31) and Julius Frederick, Duke of Württemberg-Weiltingen (1631-33)Following a major defeat of Württemberg troops in the battle of Nördlingen on 6 September 1634, Württemberg was severely looted and plundered. Eberhard fled to Strasbourg, while many territories had already been passed on by the Emperor to other parties to push forward Catholicism in the region. The Duchy of Württemberg was reinstated after long negotiations resulting in the Peace of Westphalia of 1648, despite or maybe because of the effects of war, poverty, hunger and the Bubonic plague all of which reduced the population from 350,000 in 1618 to 120,000 in 1648.
Eberhard III 900-203 Herzog Eberhard III.jpg 16 December 16141628-16742 July 1674 Duchy of Württemberg Anna Katharina of Salm-Kyrburg
(27 January 1614-27 June 1655)
26 February 1637
fourteen children

Maria Dorothea Sophie of Oettingen-Oettingen
(29 December 1639-29 June 1698)
20 July 1656
Ansbach
eleven children
Regency of George II, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Julius Frederick, Duke of Württemberg-Weiltingen (1631-38)Left no descendants. The duchy passed to his brother George.
Leopold Frederick 30 May 16241631-166215 June 1662 Württemberg-Montbéliard Sibylle of Württemberg
(4 December 1620 - 21 May 1707)
no children
Roderick 19 October 16181635-165119 November 1651 Württemberg-Weiltingen UnmarriedDied without descendants. The duchy went to his younger brother, Manfred.
Silvius I Nimrod Silviuswuertt.-oels.jpg 2 May 16221647-166424 April 1664 Württemberg-Oels Elisabeth Marie, Duchess of Oels
1 May 1647
Oleśnica
seven children
Son of Julius Frederick, acquired the duchy of Oels by marriage.
Frederick 1615 Friedrich.jpg 19 December 16151649-168224 March 1682 Württemberg-Neuenstadt Clara Augusta of Brunswick-Lüneburg
7 June 1653
twelve children
Son of John Frederick, he received the duchy of Neuenstadt after the death of his uncle.
Manfred 5 June 16261651-166215 May 1662 Württemberg-Weiltingen Juliana of Oldenburg
31 October 1652
three children
George II 5 October 16261662-1676

1679-1680

1697-1699
1 June 1699 Württemberg-Montbéliard Anne de Coligny
(1624-1680)
9 March 1648
Montbéliard
eight children
Under his rule the French occupied his lands twice.
Montbéliard occupied by France: 1676-1679, 1680-1697
Frederick Ferdinand 6 October 16541662-17058 August 1705 Württemberg-Weiltingen Elisabeth of Württemberg-Montbéliard
9 September 1689
three children
Left no surviving male descendants, and the duchy was reannexed to the main duchy of Württemberg
Weitlingen was annexed to Württemberg in 1705
Silvius II Frederick Silvius friedrich wuerttemberg oels 1675 av.jpg 21 February 16511664-16973 June 1697 Württemberg-Oels Eleonore Charlotte of Württemberg-Montbéliard
7 April 1672
Oleśnica
no children
William Louis 1647 Wilhelm Ludwig-1.jpg 7 January 16471674-167723 June 1677 Duchy of Württemberg Magdalena Sibylla of Hesse-Darmstadt
6 November 1673
Darmstadt
four children
Died unexpectedly, when 30 years old, of a heart-attack.
Frederick Charles Friedrich Carl, Herzog von Wurttemberg-Winnental.png 12 September 16521677-169720 September 1697 Württemberg-Winnental Eleonore Juliane of Brandenburg-Ansbach
31 October 1682
Ansbach
seven children
Son of Eberhard III, founded the new Duchy of Winnental.
Regency of Magdalena Sibylla of Hesse-Darmstadt (1677-1693)For his time, Eberhard Louis was a very tolerant ruler, commonly noted by modern scholars as "enlightened." Left no surviving descendants, and thus the main line went extinct. The duchy passed to Winnental branch.
Eberhard Louis 900-221 Eberhard Ludwig.jpg 18 September 16761677-173331 October 1733 Duchy of Württemberg Johanna Elisabeth of Baden-Durlach
6 May 1697
Basel
one child
Frederick Augustus Friedr-august-wuertt-n.jpg 12 March 16541682-17166 August 1716 Württemberg-Neuenstadt Albertine Sophie Esther of Eberstein
9 February 1679
fifteen children
Left no male suriving descendants. The duchy passed to his brother.
Charles Alexander German School - Karl Alexander of Wurttemberg.png 24 January 16841697-173312 March 1737 Württemberg-Winnental Marie Auguste of Thurn and Taxis
1 May 1727
Frankfurt am Main
six children
Previously served as regent of the Kingdom of Serbia (1720–33). In 1733, inherited the main Duchy of Württemberg.
1733-1737 Duchy of Württemberg
Winnental merged into Württemberg in 1733
Christian Ulrich I Christian Ulrich thaler 1681 Olesnica.jpg 9 April 16521697-17045 April 1704 Württemberg-Oels Anna Elisabeth of Anhalt-Bernburg
13 March 1672
Bernburg
seven children

Sibylla Maria of Saxe-Merseburg
(28 October 1667 - 9 October 1693)
27 October 1683
Doberlug-Kirchhain
seven children

Sophie Wilhelmine of East Frisia
(17 October 1659 - 4 February 1698)
4 February 1695
Hamburg
one child

Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
(21 June 1662 - 1 June 1738)
6 December 1700
Güstrow
no children
Leopold Eberhard 21 May 16701699-172325 May 1723 Württemberg-Montbéliard Anne-Sabine Hedwiger
June 1695
(morganatic)
four children

Elisabeth Charlotte Curie
1718
Montbéliard
(morganatic)
six children
Had no legitimate descendants, and after his death the county was definitely annexed to Württemberg.
Montbéliard was annexed to Württemberg in 1723
Charles Frederick II [5] 168Carl Friedrich.jpg 7 February 16901704-174414 December 1761 Württemberg-Oels Sibylle Charlotte Juliane of Württemberg-Weiltingen
(1690-1735)
21 April 1709
Stuttgart
no children
Abdicated to his nephew, Charles Christian Erdmann. Had no descendants.
Christian Ulrich II Portret van Christian Ulrich II von Wurttemberg-Oels, RP-P-1911-4286.jpg 27 January 16911704-17347 February 1744 Württemberg-Wilhelminort Philippine Charlotte of Redern-Krappitz
(18 February 1691 - 17 June 1758)
13 July 1711
six children
Abdicated to his nephew, Charles Christian Erdmann. Had no descendants.
Charles Rudolph Carl-rud-wuertt-neuenst.jpg 29 May 16671716-174217 November 1742 Württemberg-Neuenstadt UnmarriedLeft no male suriving descendants. The duchy passed to his brother.
Neuenstadt was annexed to Württemberg in 1742
Regencies of Charles Rudolph, Duke of Württemberg-Neuenstadt (1737-38) and Charles Frederick II, Duke of Württemberg-Oels (1738-46)
Charles Eugene Carl Eugen.JPG 11 February 17281733-179324 October 1793 Duchy of Württemberg Elisabeth Friederike Sophie of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
26 September 1748
Bayreuth
one child

Countess Franziska von Hohenheim
10/11 January 1785
(morganatic until 1790)
no children
Charles Christian Erdmann Carl Christian Erdmann, duke of Wurttemberg-Oels (1716-1792), by circle of Jacopo Amigoni.jpg 26 October 17161744-179214 December 1792 Württemberg-Wilhelminort Marie Sophie Wilhelmine of Solms-Laubach
(1721-1793)
8 April 1741
Laubach
three children
1744-1792 Württemberg-Oels
Oels was annexed to the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Louis Eugene Ludwig Eugen von Wurttemberg.JPG 6 January 17311793-179520 May 1795 Duchy of Württemberg Countess Sophia Albertine of Beichlingen
(15 December 1728-10 May 1807)
10/11 January 1785
(morganatic)
three children
Frederick Eugene Circle of Pesne - Prince Friedrich Eugen of Wurttemberg.png 21 January 17321795-179723 December 1797 Duchy of Württemberg Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt
29 November 1753
twelve children
Frederick II Seele-Friedrich I..jpg 6 November 17541797-180330 October 1816 Duchy of Württemberg Augusta of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
15 October 1780
Brunswick
four children

Charlotte of Great Britain
18 May 1797
London
no children
In 1803, he was raised as Elector of the Holy Roman Empire, and in 1806 raised himself as king, with approval of Napoleon Bonaparte.

Elector of Württemberg, 1803–1806

In 1803, the Duke of Württemberg was raised to the rank of Elector of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1806, the Empire was dissolved, and the Elector of Württemberg became an independent monarch with the title of King.

Elector of Württemberg
Württemberg Dynasty
ImageName
(Birth–Death)
BeganEndedNotes
Seele-Friedrich I..jpg Frederick I
Friedrich I
(1754–1816)
25 February 18036 August 1806The first and only Elector of Württemberg.

Kings of Württemberg, 1806–1918

The Holy Roman Empire came to an end in 1806. The Elector of Württemberg, allied to Napoleon I, anticipated its dissolution by becoming the ruler of an independent Kingdom of Württemberg in 1806.

Kings of Württemberg
Württemberg Dynasty
ImageName
(Birth–Death)
BeganEndedNotes
Seele-Friedrich I..jpg Frederick I
Friedrich I
(1754–1816)
1 January 180630 October 1816
Konig Wilhelm I. von Wurttemberg.jpg William I
Wilhelm I
(1781–1864)
30 October 181625 June 1864Son of Frederick I.
King Karl von Wurttemberg-Richard Lauchert-IMG 5314.JPG Charles I
Karl I
(1823–1891)
25 June 18646 October 1891Son of William I. Became a subordinate ruler in the German Empire after the Unification of Germany in 1871.
Wilhelm II von Wurttemberg-Rudolph Huthsteiner-IMG 5323.JPG William II
Wilhelm II
(1848–1921)
6 October 189130 November 1918Nephew of Charles I. The last King of Württemberg. Abdicated in the German Revolution of 1918–1919.

Because of a lack of male heirs under Salic law, on the death of Wilhelm II in 1921 the royal house had to reach back to the descendants of Friedrich II Eugen (ruled 1795–97). The line of the Duke of Urach was excluded because of a morganatic marriage back in 1800 by its forebear Duke William, and so the succession devolved to the younger branch of Altshausen.

Another morganatic descendant of Friedrich II Eugen was Mary of Teck (1867–1953), who married the British king George V when he was Duke of York.

Presidents of the Free People's State of Württemberg, 1918–1945

See also

Related Research Articles

House of Hohenzollern Former ruling royal and imperial house of Prussia and German Empire

The House of Hohenzollern is a German royal dynasty whose members were variously princes, electors, kings and emperors of Hohenzollern, Brandenburg, Prussia, the German Empire, and Romania. The family came from the area around the town of Hechingen in Swabia during the late 11th century and took their name from Hohenzollern Castle. The first ancestors of the Hohenzollerns were mentioned in 1061.

Prince-elector Members of the electoral college that elected the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire

The prince-electors, or electors for short, were the members of the electoral college that elected the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.

Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor Holy Roman Emperor from 1328 to 1347

Louis IV, called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was King of the Romans from 1314, King of Italy from 1327, and Holy Roman Emperor from 1328.

House of Wittelsbach German noble family

The House of Wittelsbach is a German dynasty, with branches that have ruled over territories including Bavaria, the Palatinate, Holland and Zeeland, Sweden, Hungary, Bohemia, the Electorate of Cologne and other prince-bishoprics, and Greece. Their ancestral lands of the Palatinate and Bavaria were Prince-electorates, and the family had three of its members elected emperors and kings of the Holy Roman Empire. They ruled over the Kingdom of Bavaria which was created in 1805 and continued to exist until 1918.

Frederick I of Württemberg Duke/Elector/King of Württemberg

Frederick I was the ruler of Württemberg from 1797 to his death. He was the last Duke of Württemberg from 1797 to 1803, then the first and only Elector of Württemberg from 1803 to 1806, before raising Württemberg to a kingdom in 1806 with the approval of Napoleon I. He was known for his size: at 2.12 m and about 200 kg (440 lb).

History of Baden-Württemberg Aspect of history

The history of Baden-Württemberg covers the area included in the historical state of Baden, the former Prussian Hohenzollern, and Württemberg, part of the region of Swabia since the 9th century.

Fürst is a German word for a ruler and is also a princely title. Fürsten were, since the Middle Ages, members of the highest nobility who ruled over states of the Holy Roman Empire and later its former territories, below the ruling Kaiser (emperor) or König (king).

Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg 1235–1806 duchy of the Holy Roman Empire

The Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, or more properly the Duchy of Brunswick and Lüneburg, was a historical duchy that existed from the late Middle Ages to the Late Modern era within the Holy Roman Empire, until the year of its dissolution. The duchy was located in what is now northwestern Germany. Its name came from the two largest cities in the territory: Brunswick and Lüneburg.

Hanover is a territory that was at various times a principality within the Holy Roman Empire, an Electorate within the same, an independent Kingdom, and a subordinate Province within the Kingdom of Prussia. The territory was named after its capital, the city of Hanover, which was the principal town of the region from 1636. In contemporary usage, the name is only used for the city; most of the historical territory of Hanover forms the greater part of the German Land of Lower Saxony but excludes certain areas.

House of Wettin German noble and royal family

The House of Wettin is a dynasty of German counts, dukes, prince-electors and kings that once ruled territories in the present-day German states of Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia. The dynasty is one of the oldest in Europe, and its origins can be traced back to the town of Wettin, Saxony-Anhalt. The Wettins gradually rose to power within the Holy Roman Empire. Members of the family became the rulers of several medieval states, starting with the Saxon Eastern March in 1030. Other states they gained were Meissen in 1089, Thuringia in 1263, and Saxony in 1423. These areas cover large parts of Central Germany as a cultural area of Germany.

In history and heraldry, a cadet branch consists of the male-line descendants of a monarch's or patriarch's younger sons (cadets). In the ruling dynasties and noble families of much of Europe and Asia, the family's major assets—realm, titles, fiefs, property and income—have historically been passed from a father to his firstborn son in what is known as primogeniture; younger sons—cadets—inherited less wealth and authority to pass to future generations of descendants.

House of Luxembourg Noble family

The House of Luxembourg or Luxembourg dynasty was a royal family of the Holy Roman Empire in the Late Middle Ages, whose members between 1308 and 1437 ruled as kings of Germany and Holy Roman emperors as well as kings of Bohemia, Hungary and Croatia. Their rule was twice interrupted by the rival House of Wittelsbach.

Prince of the Holy Roman Empire Former honorary title or title of ruler

Prince of the Holy Roman Empire was a title attributed to a hereditary ruler, nobleman or prelate recognised as such by the Holy Roman Emperor.

House of Württemberg German royal family and dynasty

The House of Württemberg is a German dynasty and former royal family from Württemberg.

Löwenstein-Wertheim

Löwenstein-Wertheim was a county of the Holy Roman Empire, part of the Franconian Circle. It was formed from the counties of Löwenstein and Wertheim and from 1488 until 1806 ruled by the House of Löwenstein-Wertheim who are morganatic descendants of the Palatinate branch of the House of Wittelsbach.

Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire) General assembly of the Holy Roman Empire

The Imperial Diet was the deliberative body of the Holy Roman Empire. It was not a legislative body in the contemporary sense; its members envisioned it more like a central forum where it was more important to negotiate than to decide.

House of Urach

The House of Urach is a morganatic cadet branch of the formerly royal House of Württemberg. Although the Württemberg dynasty was one of many reigning over small realms in Germany into the 20th century, and despite the fact that marital mésalliances in these dynasties usually disinherited the descendants thereof, the Dukes of Urach unusually managed to elicit consideration for candidacy for the thrones of several European states, viz. the Kingdom of Württemberg, the abortive Kingdom of Lithuania, the Principality of Monaco and even the Principality of Albania. Although none of these prospects came to fruition, they reflected monarchical attempts to accommodate the rapid shifts in national allegiance, regime and international alliances that intensified throughout the 19th century, leading up to and following Europe's Great War of 1914–1918.

References

  1. This fact is from coins produced under his premiership - details are available here
  2. Probably styled I in reference to the numbering in the county of Montbéliard; there was only one Louis, who ruled in the 11th century and to whom no numbering is usually attributed. Louis should be numbered IV in Württemberg.
  3. 1 2 When raised as dukes, the counting of the rulers restarted.
  4. Some authors inexplicably give him the number III, which would only be applicable if numberings of counts were valid for the dukes, which doesn't seem to be the case, as seen with the dukes named Eberhard.
  5. Numbered II as Duke of Oels; Charles Frederick I (of Podebrady) was the father-in-law of Silvius I Nimrod.