List of seamounts in the Southern Ocean

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This is a list of Seamounts in the Southern Ocean. A seamount is a mountain rising from the ocean seafloor that does not reach to the water's surface (sea level), and thus is not an island, islet or Cliff-rock. Seamounts are typically formed from extinct volcanoes that rise abruptly and are usually found rising from the seafloor to 1,000–4,000 m (3,300–13,100 ft) in height. They are defined by oceanographers as independent features that rise to at least 1,000 m (3,281 ft) above the seafloor, characteristically of conical form. [1]

Contents

List

NameLocationDate namedName originCoordinates
Adare Seamounts Balleny Basin June 1988 70°0′S171°30′E / 70.000°S 171.500°E / -70.000; 171.500 [2]
Balleny Seamounts Balleny Islands June 1988 61°0′S161°30′E / 61.000°S 161.500°E / -61.000; 161.500 [3]
Barsukov Seamount June 1995Named for Russian scientist Valeri Barsukov 61°3′S29°12′W / 61.050°S 29.200°W / -61.050; -29.200 [4]
Belgica Guyot June 1997Named for the Belgian research ship Belgica 65°30′S90°30′W / 65.500°S 90.500°W / -65.500; -90.500 [5]
Dallmann Seamount June 1997Named for polar explorer Eduard Dallmann 67°10′S96°53′W / 67.167°S 96.883°W / -67.167; -96.883 [6]
De Gerlache Seamounts Named for Lieutenant Adrien Victor Joseph de Gerlache 65°0′S90°30′W / 65.000°S 90.500°W / -65.000; -90.500 [7]
Hakurei Seamount Adélie Land July 1999Named for the RV Hakurei-maru 62°52′S140°49′E / 62.867°S 140.817°E / -62.867; 140.817 [8]
Iselin Seamount February 1964Named for the research ship Iselin II 70°45′S178°15′W / 70.750°S 178.250°W / -70.750; -178.250 [9]
Kemp Caldera Scotia Sea-Weddell Sea 2009 59°42′S28°15′W / 59.700°S 28.250°W / -59.700; -28.250 [10]
Lecointe Guyot June 1997Named for explorer Georges Lecointe 65°6′S93°0′W / 65.100°S 93.000°W / -65.100; -93.000 [11]
Lichtner Seamount April 2000Named for German cartographer Werner Lichtner 67°33′S0°40′W / 67.550°S 0.667°W / -67.550; -0.667 [12]
Maud Seamount February 1964 65°0′S2°35′E / 65.000°S 2.583°E / -65.000; 2.583 [13]
Orca Seamount Bransfield Strait 1967Named for the orca whales that frequent the area 62°26′00″S58°24′00″W / 62.433334°S 58.400002°W / -62.433334; -58.400002 [14]
Rosenthal Seamount Weddell Sea Named for Alfred Rosenthal 68°38′S97°5′W / 68.633°S 97.083°W / -68.633; -97.083 [15]
Wordie Seamount Bransfield Strait Named for geologist James Wordie 61°48′S55°27′W / 61.800°S 55.450°W / -61.800; -55.450 [16]

See also

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guyot</span> Isolated, flat-topped underwater volcano mountain

In marine geology, a guyot, also called a tablemount, is an isolated underwater volcanic mountain (seamount) with a flat top more than 200 m (660 ft) below the surface of the sea. The diameters of these flat summits can exceed 10 km (6.2 mi). Guyots are most commonly found in the Pacific Ocean, but they have been identified in all the oceans except the Arctic Ocean. They are analogous to tables on land.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Seamount</span> Mountain rising from the ocean seafloor that does not reach to the waters surface

A seamount is a large submarine landform that rises from the ocean floor without reaching the water surface, and thus is not an island, islet, or cliff-rock. Seamounts are typically formed from extinct volcanoes that rise abruptly and are usually found rising from the seafloor to 1,000–4,000 m (3,300–13,100 ft) in height. They are defined by oceanographers as independent features that rise to at least 1,000 m (3,281 ft) above the seafloor, characteristically of conical form. The peaks are often found hundreds to thousands of meters below the surface, and are therefore considered to be within the deep sea. During their evolution over geologic time, the largest seamounts may reach the sea surface where wave action erodes the summit to form a flat surface. After they have subsided and sunk below the sea surface such flat-top seamounts are called "guyots" or "tablemounts".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kamaʻehuakanaloa Seamount</span> Active submarine volcano off the southeast coast of the island of Hawaii

Kamaʻehuakanaloa Seamount is an active submarine volcano about 22 mi (35 km) off the southeast coast of the island of Hawaii. The top of the seamount is about 3,200 ft (975 m) below sea level. This seamount is on the flank of Mauna Loa, the largest active subaerial shield volcano on Earth. Kamaʻehuakanaloa is the newest volcano in the Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain, a string of volcanoes that stretches about 3,900 mi (6,200 km) northwest of Kamaʻehuakanaloa. Unlike most active volcanoes in the Pacific Ocean that make up the active plate margins on the Pacific Ring of Fire, Kamaʻehuakanaloa and the other volcanoes of the Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain are hotspot volcanoes and formed well away from the nearest plate boundary. Volcanoes in the Hawaiian Islands arise from the Hawaii hotspot, and as the youngest volcano in the chain, Kamaʻehuakanaloa is the only Hawaiian volcano in the deep submarine preshield stage of development.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volcanic island</span> Island of volcanic origin

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bowie Seamount</span> Submarine volcano in the northeastern Pacific Ocean

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Cobb Seamount is a seamount and guyot located 500 km (310 mi) west of Grays Harbor, Washington, United States. Cobb Seamount is one of the seamounts in the Cobb–Eickelberg Seamount chain, a chain of underwater volcanoes created by the Cobb hotspot that terminates near the coast of Alaska. It lies just west of the Cascadia subduction zone, and was discovered in August 1950 by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service fisheries research vessel R/V John N. Cobb. By 1967, over 927 km (576 mi) of soundings and dozens of samples from the seamount had been collected.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hawaii hotspot</span> Volcanic hotspot near the Hawaiian Islands, in the Pacific Ocean

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orca Seamount</span> Underwater volcano near King George Island in Antarctica, in the Bransfield Strait.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wōdejebato</span> Guyot in the Marshall Islands northwest of the smaller Pikinni Atoll

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Limalok</span> Cretaceous-Paleocene guyot in the Marshall Islands

Limalok is a Cretaceous-Paleocene guyot/tablemount in the southeastern Marshall Islands, one of a number of seamounts in the Pacific Ocean. It was probably formed by a volcanic hotspot in present-day French Polynesia. Limalok lies southeast of Mili Atoll and Knox Atoll, which rise above sea level, and is joined to each of them through a volcanic ridge. It is located at a depth of 1,255 metres (4,117 ft) and has a summit platform with an area of 636 square kilometres (246 sq mi).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lo-En</span> Albian–Campanian guyot in the Marshall Islands in the Pacific Ocean

Lo-En or Hess is an Albian–Campanian guyot in the Marshall Islands. One among a number of seamounts in the Pacific Ocean, it was probably formed by a hotspot in what is present-day French Polynesia. Lo-En lies southeast of Eniwetok which rises above sea level, and Lo-En is almost connected to it through a ridge.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ioah Guyot</span> Seamount in the Pacific Ocean

Ioah Guyot is a seamount in the Pacific Ocean, close to the Marshall Islands. Part of the Magellan Seamounts, it is a shield volcano that has erupted alkali basalt and hawaiite 87 million years ago, but may have continued erupting into the Miocene. During the Cretaceous, reefs developed on the guyot.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Horizon Guyot</span> Tablemount in the Pacific Ocean

Horizon Guyot is a presumably Cretaceous guyot (tablemount) in the Mid-Pacific Mountains, Pacific Ocean. It is an elongated ridge, over 300 kilometres (190 mi) long and 4.3 kilometres (2.7 mi) high, that stretches in a northeast-southwest direction and has two flat tops; it rises to a minimum depth of 1,443 metres (4,730 ft). The Mid-Pacific Mountains lie west of Hawaii and northeast of the Line Islands.

Allison Guyot is a tablemount (guyot) in the underwater Mid-Pacific Mountains of the Pacific Ocean. It is a trapezoidal flat mountain rising 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) above the seafloor to a depth of less than 1,500 metres (4,900 ft), with a summit platform 35 by 70 kilometres wide. The Mid-Pacific Mountains lie west of Hawaii and northeast of the Marshall Islands, but at the time of their formation were located in the Southern Hemisphere.

References

  1. IHO, 2008. Standardization of Undersea Feature Names: Guidelines Proposal form Terminology, 4th ed. International Hydrographic Organization and Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Monaco.
  2. "Adare Seamounts". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  3. "Balleny Seamounts". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  4. "Barsukov Seamount". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  5. "Belgica Guyot". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  6. "Dallmann Seamount". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  7. "De Gerlache Seamounts". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  8. "Hakurei Seamount". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  9. "Iselin Seamount". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  10. Linse, Katrin; Copley, Jonathan T.; Connelly, Douglas P.; Larter, Robert D.; Pearce, David A.; Polunin, Nick V. C.; Rogers, Alex D.; Chen, Chong; Clarke, Andrew; Glover, Adrian G.; Graham, Alastair G. C.; Huvenne, Veerle A. I.; Marsh, Leigh; Reid, William D. K.; Roterman, C. Nicolai; Sweeting, Christopher J.; Zwirglmaier, Katrin; Tyler, Paul A. (2019). "Fauna of the Kemp Caldera and its upper bathyal hydrothermal vents (South Sandwich Arc, Antarctica)". Royal Society Open Science. 6 (11): 4. Bibcode:2019RSOS....691501L. doi: 10.1098/rsos.191501 . PMC   6894572 . PMID   31827872.
  11. "Lecointe Guyot". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  12. "Lichtner Seamount". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  13. "Maud Seamount". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  14. "Orca Seamount". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  15. "Rosenthal Seamount". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  16. "Wordie Seamount". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved 11 August 2018.