List of ships sunk by missiles

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This is a list of ships sunk by missiles. Ships have been sunk by unguided projectiles for many centuries, but the introduction of guided missiles during World War II changed the dynamics of naval warfare. 1943 saw the first ships to be sunk by guided weapons, launched from aircraft, although it was not until 1967 that a ship was sunk by a missile launched from another ship outside a test environment. Both of these were warships, but missiles have also attacked merchant ships. More than fifty other vessels have been sunk, in war and in peace.

Contents

This list only contains vessels sunk by guided missiles, and does not include those destroyed by unguided weapons such as naval artillery, torpedoes or crewed weapons like the Kamikaze MXY-7 Ohka suicide rocket.

Background

USS Agerholm being struck by a Tomahawk missile Tomahawk missile sinking USS Agerholm (DD-826) 1982.JPEG
USS Agerholm being struck by a Tomahawk missile

Ships have been equipped to fire projectiles for centuries, particularly the use of trebuchet and, ultimately, cannon developed by the Song dynasty, the latter epitomising naval weaponry in the Age of Sail. [1] However, the use of guided weapons did not emerge until the Second World War, when guided bombs, a form of precision-guided munition, started being developed by both the Allies and Axis. [2] The first to be used operationally was a German weapon, the Fritz X. Initial attacks were unsuccessful, but on 9 September 1943, Fritz X damaged the Italian battleship Italia and sank the battleship Roma, the first successful strike by a guided missile against a capital ship. [3] At the same time, the Henschel Hs 293 entered service, equipped with a rocket engine. [4] First used in combat in 1943, these were the first guided missiles to sink a warship. [5]

After the war, development of anti-ship missiles continued, particularly in the Soviet Union and Sweden, who saw mounting missiles on ships as a way to increase the strike capacity of small vessels. [6] It was a Soviet missile, the P-15 Termit, that made this public and sunk a ship in combat on 21 October 1967, launched from a vessel of the Egyptian Navy. [7] This demonstration led to a proliferation of other missiles being developed, including the Exocet. [8] The Exocet was used extensively during the Iran–Iraq War, particularly during the Tanker War, where it was the primary missile used by Iraqi Air Force. [9] In addition to nations, anti-ship missiles are also used by non-state actors who target merchant vessels, using missiles in a form of piracy. [10]

To counter anti-ship missiles, warships have used surface-to-air missiles, advanced electronic countermeasures and close-in weapons systems. [11]

List

The list includes all verified sinkings. [nb 1]

ShipNationalityDateConflictVectorMissileNotesRef
HMS Egret Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 27 August 1943World War IIAircraft Henschel Hs 293 First ship sunk by guided missile [nb 2] [15]
RM Roma Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg Italy 9 September 1943World War IIAircraft Fritz X First capital ship sunk by guided missiles [3]
USS LST-79 Flag of the United States Navy (official).svg  United States 30 September 1943World War IIAircraft Henschel Hs 293 [16]
HMS Dulverton Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 13 November 1943World War IIAircraft Henschel Hs 293 [5]
MV BirchbankCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 11 November 1943World War IIAircraft Henschel Hs 293 [17]
SS Carlier Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 11 November 1943World War IIAircraft Henschel Hs 293 [17]
MV MarsaCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 21 November 1943World War IIAircraft Henschel Hs 293 [18]
HMT Rohna Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 26 November 1943World War IIAircraft Henschel Hs 293 1,138 killed, the highest number of casualties caused by a single anti-ship missile [19]
HMHS St David Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 24 January 1944World War IIAircraft Henschel Hs 293 [20]
SS Samuel Huntington Flag of the United States.svg  United States 29 January 1944World War IIAircraft Henschel Hs 293 [5]
HMS Spartan Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 29 January 1944World War IIAircraft Henschel Hs 293 [21]
SS Elihu Yale Flag of the United States.svg  United States 15 February 1944World War IIAircraft Henschel Hs 293 [5]
HMS Inglefield Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 25 February 1944World War IIAircraft Henschel Hs 293 [22]
HMS Lawford Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 8 June 1944World War IIAircraft Henschel Hs 293 Sunk during the Normandy landings [23]
USS LST-282 Flag of the United States Navy (official).svg  United States 15 August 1944World War IIAircraft Henschel Hs 293 [24]
Leningrad Naval Ensign of the Soviet Union (1950-1991).svg  Soviet Union May 1963---Warship P-35 Progress Sunk in a missile test [25]
INS Eilat Naval Ensign of Israel.svg  Israel 21 October 1967 War of Attrition Warship P-15 Termit First ship sunk by a ship-launched missile [7]
SS Orith Civil Ensign of Israel.svg  Israel 13 May 1970War of AttritionWarship P-15 Termit [26]
PNS Khaibar Naval Standard of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan 4 December 1971 Indo-Pakistan War of 1971 Warship P-15 Termit [27]
PNS Muhafiz Naval Standard of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan 4 December 1971Indo-Pakistan War of 1971Warship P-15 Termit [27]
MV Venus ChallengerFlag of the United States.svg  United States 8 December 1971Indo-Pakistan War of 1971Warship P-15 Termit [28]
SS Gulf Star Flag of Panama.svg  Panama 8 December 1971Indo-Pakistan War of 1971Warship P-15 Termit [29]
Yarmouk Flag of the Syrian Arab Navy.svg  Syria 8 October 1973 Yom Kippur War Warship Gabriel Mk 1 [30]
Project 205 Moskit [nb 3] Flag of the Syrian Arab Navy.svg  Syria 8 October 1973Yom Kippur WarWarship Gabriel Mk 1 [31]
Three Project 205 Moskit Flag of the Egyptian Navy.svg  Egypt 9 October 1973Yom Kippur WarWarship Gabriel Mk 1 [31]
Ilya MechnikovFlag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union 10 October 1973Yom Kippur WarWarship Gabriel Mk 1 [32]
HMAS Air Sprite Naval Ensign of Australia.svg  Australia 17 May 1979---Warship RIM-24 Tartar Sunk as a target [33]
USS Robert L. Wilson Flag of the United States Navy (official).svg  United States 1 March 1980---Warship RGM-84 Harpoon Sunk in a missile test [34]
DhofarNaval Ensign of Oman.svg  Oman 18 May 1980---Aircraft MM39 Exocet Sunk as target [35]
USS Ozark Flag of the United States Navy (official).svg  United States 1 March 1980---Aircraft AGM-65 Maverick Sunk as a target [36]
Two Project 205 Moskit Flag of the Iraqi Navy.svg  Iraq 29 November 1980 Iran-Iraq War Warship RGM-84 Harpoon [37]
IRIS Paykan Flag of the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy.svg  Iran 29 November 1980Iran-Iraq WarWarship P-15 Termit [37]
BAP Almirante Guise Flag of Peru (state).svg  Peru 1 October 1981---Warship Otomat Sunk in a missile test [38]
HMS Sheffield Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 4 May 1982 Falklands War Aircraft AM39 Exocet Sank two days after being hit [39]
ELMA Río CarcarañáFlag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 24 May 1982Falklands WarAircraft Sea Skua Previously disabled by Sea Harrier cannon fire [40]
SS Atlantic Conveyor Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 25 May 1982Falklands WarAircraft AM39 Exocet [41]
PNA Río Iguazú Bandera de Prefectura Naval Argentina.svg Argentina 13 June 1982Flaklands WarAircraft Sea Skua Already stranded in Choiseul Sound after Sea Harrier attack [42]
USS Agerholm Flag of the United States Navy (official).svg  United States 18 July 1982---Submarine UGM-109 Tomahawk Sunk in a missile test [43]
MV Sambow BannerFlag of South Korea.svg  South Korea 9 August 1982Iran-Iraq WarAircraft AM39 Exocet [44]
MV Eastern HunterCivil Ensign of Singapore.svg  Singapore 2 January 1983Iran-Iraq WarAircraft AM39 Exocet [45]
MV Panoceanic FameFlag of Greece.svg  Greece 15 May 1983Iran-Iraq WarAircraft AM39 Exocet [46]
MV Iran ReshadatFlag of Iran.svg  Iran 24 August 1983Iran-Iraq WarAircraft AM39 Exocet [47]
MV Iran RezvanFlag of Iran.svg  Iran 25 October 1983Iran-Iraq WarAircraft AM39 Exocet [48]
MV SkarosFlag of Cyprus.svg  Cyprus 1 February 1984Iran-Iraq WarAircraft AM39 Exocet [49]
MV CharmingCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 1 March 1984Iran-Iraq WarAircraft AM39 Exocet [50]
MV RanaFlag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia 23 August 1984Iran-Iraq WarAircraft AM39 Exocet [51]
MV Song BongFlag of North Korea.svg  North Korea 13 September 1985Iran-Iraq WarAircraft AM39 Exocet [52]
MV CastorFlag of Liberia.svg  Liberia 27 February 1986Iran-Iraq WarAircraft AM39 Exocet [52]
Waheed Flag of the Libyan Navy.svg  Libya 25 March 1986 Action in the Gulf of Sidra (1986) Aircraft AGM-84 Harpoon [53]
Ain Zaquit Flag of the Libyan Navy.svg  Libya 25 March 1986Action in the Gulf of Sidra (1986)Aircraft AGM-84 Harpoon [54]
MV Harmony ICivil Ensign of Malta.svg  Malta 6 May 1986Iran-Iraq WarAircraft AM39 Exocet [55]
Musson Naval Ensign of the Soviet Union (1950-1991).svg  Soviet Union 16 April 1987---Missile boat P-15 Termit Accidentally hit by a training target missile during a training exercise and sunk [56]
MV Bigerange XIVFlag of Panama.svg  Panama 1 September 1987Iran-Iraq WarAircraft AM39 Exocet [57]
MV Iran SedaghatFlag of Iran.svg  Iran 31 December 1987Iran-Iraq WarAircraft AM39 Exocet [58]
IRIS Joshan Flag of the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy.svg  Iran 19 April 1988 Operation Praying Mantis Warship RIM-66 Standard [59]
IRIS Sahand Flag of the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy.svg  Iran 19 April 1988Operation Praying MantisWarship RGM-84 Harpoon [59]
Sveti Vlaho Naval ensign of Croatia.svg Croatia6 December 1991 Croatian War of Independence Coastal battery 9K11 Malyutka Refloated in 2001 and preserved as a monument at Batala Park in Dubrovnik. [60]
TČ-219 StreljkoNaval Ensign of Yugoslavia (1949-1993).svg  Yugoslavia 8 October 1994Croatian War of IndependenceWarship RBS-15 Sunk as a target by the Croatian Navy; ship had been captured in 1991 [61] [62]
RČ-310 Velimir ŠkorpikNaval Ensign of Yugoslavia (1949-1993).svg  Yugoslavia 8 October 1994Croatian War of IndependenceWarship P-15 Termit Sunk as a target by the Croatian Navy; ship had been captured in 1991 [61] [62]
ARA Chiriguano Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina October 1996---Aircraft MM39 Exocet Sunk as a target [63]
USS White Plains Flag of the United States Navy (official).svg  United States 8 July 2002---Warship RGM-84 Harpoon Sunk as a target [64]
USS Harold E. Holt Flag of the United States Navy (official).svg  United States 10 July 2002---Combined AGM-114 Hellfire and RGM-84 Harpoon Sunk as a target [65]
USS Spruance Flag of the United States Navy (official).svg  United States 8 December 2006---Aircraft AGM-84 Harpoon Sunk as a target [66]
USS Horne Flag of the United States Navy (official).svg  United States 14 July 2008---Aircraft AGM-84 Harpoon Sunk as a target [67]
Georgy Toreli Naval Ensign of Georgia.svg  Georgia 10 August 2008 Russo-Georgian War Warship P-120 Malakhit [68]
USS Fresno Flag of the United States Navy (official).svg  United States 15 September 2014---Warship RGM-84 Harpoon Sunk as a target [69]
USS Reuben James Flag of the United States Navy (official).svg  United States 18 January 2016---Warship RIM-174 Standard ERAM Sunk in a missile test [70]
PNS Tippu Sultan Naval Standard of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan 27 April 2020---Combined Babur, AM39 Exocet and YJ-83 Sunk as a target [71] [72]
USS Durham Flag of the United States Navy (official).svg  United States 30 August 2020---Warship RGM-84 Harpoon Sunk as a target [73]
Sloviansk Naval Ensign of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine 3 March 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine Aircraft Kh-31 [74]
BDK Saratov Naval Ensign of Russia.svg  Russia 24 March 2022Russian invasion of UkraineGround battery Tochka-U Hit by ground-to-ground missile when moored in Berdyansk harbour. [75] [76]
Moskva Naval Ensign of Russia.svg  Russia 14 April 2022Russian invasion of UkraineCoastal battery R-360 Neptune Russia claims the cruiser sank from an internal explosion [77] [78]
Russian tug Spasatel Vasily Bekh Naval Ensign of Russia.svg  Russia 17 June 2022Russian invasion of UkraineCoastal battery RGM-84 Harpoon [79] [80]
Russian landing ship Novocherkassk Naval Ensign of Russia.svg  Russia 26 December 2022Russian invasion of UkraineAircraft Storm Shadow Destroyed while in port at Sevastopol. [81] [82]
Ternopil Naval Ensign of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine 21 July 2023 Russo-Ukrainian War Warship P-240 Moskit Captured in 2014 at Donuzlav bay. Sunk in missile test [83]
M/V Rubymar Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 2 March 2024 Red Sea crisis UnknownBallistic missileFirst ship sunk by an anti-ship ballistic missile [84]
Tsiklon Naval Ensign of Russia.svg  Russia 19 May 2024Russian invasion of UkraineSurface battery MGM-140 ATACMS Sunk while in port at Sevastopol. [85]

Notes

  1. ↑ For example, the United States Navy claimed to have destroyed a Japanese destroyer with a ASM-N-2 Bat on 27 May 1945. [12] However, this has not been confirmed and so it is excluded from the list. [13]
  2. ↑ The German Air Force claim to have sunk the freighter Uskide on 1 August 1943 but this is disputed. [14]
  3. ↑ A Project 183R missile boat was also destroyed. [30]

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