HMS Lawford (K514)

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Lawford.

HMS Lawford at Liverpool, 13 February 1944
History
United States
Name	USS Lawford (DE-516)
Fate	Transferred to Royal Navy under Lend-Lease
United Kingdom
Name	HMS Lawford (K514)
Launched	13 August 1943
Fate	Sunk by Aerial attack during Normandy Landings, 8 June 1944
General characteristics
Class & type	Evarts-class destroyer escort (modified to HQ vessel)
Displacement	1,190 long tons (1,210  t) (standard)
Length	289 ft 5 in (88.2 m)
Beam	35 ft 2 in (10.7 m)
Draught	10 ft 1 in (3.1 m)
Installed power	6,000  shp (4,500  kW) electric motors
Propulsion	2 shafts; 4 diesel engines
Speed	20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph)
Range	6,000  nmi (11,000 km; 6,900 mi) at 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph)
Complement	240
Sensors & processing systems	SA & SL type radars Type 144 series Asdic MF Direction Finding HF Direction Finding
Armament	2 × single 3 in (76 mm)/50 Mk 22 guns 16 × single 20 mm Oerlikon guns 2 × Depth charge rails

HMS Lawford (K514) was a Royal Navy converted Captain class frigate (pennant DE-516), built in the US in 1944.

Description

The Evarts-class ships had an overall length of 289 feet 5 inches (88.2 m), a beam of 35 feet 2 inches (10.7 m), and a draught of 10 feet 1 inch (3.1 m) at full load. They displaced 1,190 long tons (1,210  t ) at (standard) and 1,416 long tons (1,439 t) at full load. ^[1] The ships had a diesel–electric powertrain derived from a submarine propulsion system ^[2] with four General Motors 16-cylinder diesel engines providing power to four General Electric electric generators which sent electricity to four 1,500- shaft-horsepower (1,100  kW ) General Electric electric motors which drove the two propeller shafts. The destroyer escorts had enough power give them a speed of 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph) and enough fuel oil to give them a range of 6,000 nautical miles (11,000  km ; 6,900  mi ) at 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph). Their crew consisted of 198 officers and ratings. ^[3]

The armament of the Evarts-class ships in British service consisted of three single mounts for 50-caliber 3-inch (76 mm)/50 Mk 22 dual-purpose guns; one superfiring pair forward of the bridge and the third gun aft of the superstructure. Anti-aircraft defence was intended to consisted of a twin-gun mount for 40-millimetre (1.6 in) Bofors anti-aircraft (AA) guns atop the rear superstructure with nine 20-millimetre (0.8 in) Oerlikon AA guns located on the superstructure, but production shortages meant that that not all guns were fitted, or that additional Oerlikons replaced the Bofors guns. A Mark 10 Hedgehog anti-submarine mortar was positioned just behind the forward gun. The ships were also equipped with two depth charge rails at the stern and four "K-gun" depth charge throwers. ^[4]

Construction and career

Lawford was selected to be converted into an HQ ship in the UK for the Normandy landings and the only convoy that she escorted was the one in which she sailed to the UK. This involved the removal of her aft 3-inch gun, the extension of the superstructure to house all the staff and radio personnel and the installation of additional radar sets. ^[5] The number of Oerlikons mounted aboard was increased to 16 weapons. On 8 June 1944, whilst operating off Juno Beach, she was hit by two bombs during an air attack and sunk. Thirty-seven of her crew died. ^[6] The wreck lies in 21 m (69 ft) of water at 49°25′43″N00°23′47″W / 49.42861°N 0.39639°W / 49.42861; -0.39639 . ^[7]

Citations

1. Whitley, p. 152
2. Friedman, p. 143
3. Lenton, pp. 199–200
4. Friedman, p. 478
5. Lenton, p. 447
6. Collingwood, Donald (1998). The Captain Class Frigates in the Second World War : an operational history of the American built Destroyer Escorts serving under the White Ensign from 1943-1946. London: Leo Cooper. pp. 149–153. ISBN   9780850526158.
7. "HMS Lawford (K 514) of the Royal Navy - British Frigate of the Captain class". uboat.net. Retrieved 7 July 2025.

References

• Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben & Bush, Steve (2020). Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy from the 15th Century to the Present (5th revised and updated ed.). Seaforth Publishing. ISBN   978-1-5267-9327-0.
• Friedman, Norman (2005). U.S. Destroyers: An Illustrated Design History (Revised ed.). Naval Institute Press. ISBN   1-55750-442-3.
• Lenton, H. T. (1998). British & Empire Warships of the Second World War. Naval Institute Press. ISBN   1-55750-048-7.
• Rohwer, Jürgen (2005). Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two (Third Revised ed.). Naval Institute Press. ISBN   1-59114-119-2.
• Whitley, M. J. (2000). Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia. Cassell & Co. ISBN   1-85409-521-8.

See also

• List of Captain class frigates
• List of Allied warships in the Normandy landings
• List of ships sunk by missiles