Lithocarpus encleisacarpus

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Lithocarpus encleisacarpus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fagales
Family: Fagaceae
Genus: Lithocarpus
Species:
L. encleisacarpus
Binomial name
Lithocarpus encleisacarpus
Synonyms [1]
  • Castanopsis encleisacarpa(Korth.) Rehder
  • Cyclobalanus encleisacarpa(Korth.) Oerst.
  • Pasania encleisacarpa(Korth.) Gamble
  • Quercus encleisacarpaKorth.
  • Synaedrys encleisacarpa (Korth.) Koidz.

Lithocarpus encleisacarpus is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. The specific epithet is from the Greek meaning 'enclosed fruit', referring to the acorns and cupules. [2] The cupule is not fused to the nut though and often becomes irregularly dehiscent. [3] The degree to which the nut is enclosed by the cupule varies across its geographic range. Trees in Lithocarpus are commonly known as the stone oaks and differ from Quercus primarily because they produce insect-pollinated flowers.

Contents

Description

Lithocarpus encleisacarpus grows as a tree up to 40 metres (130 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 75 cm (30 in). The greyish brown bark is smooth or scaly or lenticellate. The coriaceous leaves measure up to 15 cm (6 in) long and have obscure tertiary web-like reticulations. Its dark brown acorns are ovoid to roundish and measure up to 3 cm (1.2 in) across. [2] The fruits typically have 1-1.5 cm stalks and the cupule has several smooth to slightly ridge-like lamellae circling or spiraling around the outside. The nuts are free from the cupule and have silvery tomentum.

Distribution and habitat

Lithocarpus encleisacarpus grows naturally in Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Sumatra and Borneo. [1] [2] Its habitat is mixed dipterocarp to lower montane forests from 1,000 m (3,300 ft) to 1,500 m (5,000 ft) elevation. [2]

Uses

The timber is locally used as firewood and in construction. The bark's tannins are used in dyeing. [2]

Related Research Articles

Lithocarpus bennettii is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. It is named for the English botanist John Joseph Bennett.

Lithocarpus bullatus is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. The specific epithet bullatus means 'blistered', referring to the leaf surface.

Lithocarpus confragosus is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. The specific epithet confragosus means 'uneven', referring to the cupule wall surface.

Lithocarpus coopertus is a tree in the family Fagaceae. The specific epithet coopertus means 'covered over', referring to the acorn.

Lithocarpus daphnoideus is a tree in the family Fagaceae. The specific epithet daphnoideus means "like Daphne", referring to the genus Daphne and its leaves.

Lithocarpus dasystachyus is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. The specific epithet dasystachyus means 'thickly hairy spike', referring to the inflorescence.

<i>Lithocarpus echinifer</i> Species of tree

Lithocarpus echinifer is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. The specific epithet echinifer means 'having straight spines', referring to the cupule.

Lithocarpus echinulatus is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. The specific epithet echinulatus means 'having short spines', referring to the cupule.

<i>Lithocarpus elegans</i> Species of tree

Lithocarpus elegans is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. The specific epithet elegans means 'elegant', referring to the acorns and cupules.

Lithocarpus ewyckii is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. It is named for D.J. van Ewijck van Oostbroek en De Built of the Dutch Colonial Service.

Lithocarpus ferrugineus is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. The specific epithet ferrugineus means 'red-brown', referring to the acorn's indumentum.

Lithocarpus gracilis is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. The specific epithet gracilis means 'slender', referring to the twigs.

Lithocarpus hatusimae is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. It is named for the Japanese botanist Sumihiko Hatusima.

Lithocarpus hallieri is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. It is named for the German botanist Johannes Gottfried Hallier.

Lithocarpus hystrix is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. The specific epithet hystrix means 'spiny', referring to the cupule.

Lithocarpus jacobsii is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. It is named for the Dutch botanist Marius Jacobs. Trees in Lithocarpus are commonly known as the stone oaks and differ from Quercus primarily because they produce insect-pollinated flowers.

Lithocarpus kalkmanii is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. This species is named for the Dutch botanist Cornelis Kalkman.

Lithocarpus leptogyne is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. The specific epithet leptogyne is from the Greek, referring to the slender female flower.

<i>Lithocarpus lucidus</i> Species of tree

Lithocarpus lucidus is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. The specific epithet lucidus means 'shining', referring to the acorn and leaf surface.

Lithocarpus meijeri is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. It is named for the Dutch botanist Willem Meijer.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Lithocarpus encleisacarpus". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 16 April 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Soepadmo, E.; Julia, L.; Go, Rusea (2000). "Lithocarpus encleisocarpus (Korth.) A.Camus". In Soepadmo, E.; Saw, L. G. (eds.). Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak. (free online from the publisher, lesser resolution scan PDF versions). Vol. 3. Forest Research Institute Malaysia. pp. 56–57. ISBN   983-2181-06-2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 7 Oct 2016.
  3. ↑ Soepadmo, E. (1972). "Fagaceae". Flora Malesiana: Series I - Spermatophytes. 7: 265–403.


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