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The Legislative Yuan is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of China (Taiwan) located in Taipei. The Legislative Yuan is composed of 113 members, who are directly elected for four-year terms by people of the Taiwan Area through a parallel voting system.
The Constitution of the Republic of China is the fifth and current constitution of the Republic of China (ROC), ratified by the Kuomintang during the Constituent National Assembly session on 25 December 1946, in Nanjing, and adopted on 25 December 1947. The constitution, along with its Additional Articles, remains effective in ROC-controlled territories.
Su Tseng-chang is a Taiwanese politician who served as premier of the Republic of China (Taiwan) from 2006 to 2007 and again from 2019 to 2023. He was the chairman of the Democratic Progressive Party in 2005 and from 2012 to 2014. Su served as Chief of Staff to President Chen Shui-bian in 2004. He is currently the longest-serving Democratic Progressive premier in history.
In Taiwan, parliamentary elections are held every four years to elect the 113 members of the Legislative Yuan, the unicameral legislature of Taiwan. The current electoral system was introduced in 2008. The constitutional amendments of 2005 extended term length from three to four years, reduced seat count from 225 to 113, and abolished the National Assembly, originally another governmental organ equivalent to a chamber of parliament.
The elections in Taiwan each held every four years, typically in January and November. Since 2012 the previously eleven types of elections in Taiwan have been unified into general and local elections. There may also be by-elections. Electoral systems include first-past-the-post, proportional representation, single non-transferable voting, and a parallel mixture of the above.
An election for the National Assembly took place in Taiwan on Saturday, 14 May 2005, from 07:30 to 16:00 local time. It elected an ad hoc National Assembly whose only function was to serve as a constituent assembly in order to approve or reject amendments to the Constitution of the Republic of China already proposed by the Legislative Yuan. The results indicated that the amendments would be approved, as the parties supporting them won an overwhelming majority, and indeed the amendments were passed on 7 June 2005.
Local elections were held in Taiwan on 3 December 2005 to elect magistrates of counties and mayors of cities, councillors in county/city councils and mayors of townships and cities, known as the three-in-one elections, on 10 June 2006 to elect representatives in township/city councils and village chiefs, on 9 December 2006 to elect mayors and councillors of special municipalities, and on 30 December 2006 to elect village chiefs in Taipei City.
Kiku Chen Chu is a Taiwanese politician serving as president of the Control Yuan and chairwomen of the National Human Rights Commission since 2020. Before assuming her current post, Chen had served as Secretary-General to the President from 2018 to 2020 and Mayor of Kaohsiung from 2006 to 2018, making her the longest-serving mayor of the city since the Japanese occupation of Taiwan.
Districts are administrative subdivisions of the Republic of China (Taiwan)'s special municipalities of the second level and provincial cities of the third level formerly under its provinces. There are two types of district in the administrative scheme.
Local elections were held in Taiwan on 1 December 2001 to elect magistrates of counties and mayors of cities, on 26 January 2002 to elect councillors in county/city councils and mayors of townships and cities, on 8 June 2002 to elect representatives in township/city councils and village chiefs, and on 7 December 2002 to elect mayors and councillors of special municipalities.
The Taiwanese local elections of 2014, commonly known as the nine-in-one elections, were held on Saturday, 29 November 2014, to elect the Municipal Mayors, Municipal Councilors, Chiefs of indigenous districts in municipalities, Councilors of indigenous districts in municipalities, County Magistrates, County (City) Councilors, Township Chiefs, Township Councilors and chiefs of village (borough) in 6 municipalities and 16 counties (cities). Elected officials would serve a four-year term. Polling stations were open from 08:00 to 16:00 on the election day.
Keelung City is represented in the Legislative Yuan since 2008 by one at-large single-member constituency.
Taitung County is represented in the Legislative Yuan since 2008 by one at-large single-member constituency.
Penghu County is represented in the Legislative Yuan since 2008 by one at-large single-member constituency.
Kinmen County is represented in the Legislative Yuan since 2008 by one at-large single-member constituency.
Lienchiang County is represented in the Legislative Yuan since 2008 by one at-large single-member constituency.
Chiayi City is represented in the Legislative Yuan since 2008 by one at-large single-member constituency.
Local elections were held on 24 November 2018 in Taiwan, to elect county magistrates, county (city) councilors, township mayors, township councilors and chiefs of village (borough) in 6 municipalities and 16 counties (cities). Elected officials would serve a four-year term. Polling stations were open from 08:00 to 16:00 on the election day.
By-elections for the Ninth Legislative Yuan were held in 2019, two on 27 January and four on 16 March, at Taiwan to elect 6 of the 113 members of the Legislative Yuan for the remaining term until 2020.
The 2015 Taiwanese legislative by-elections were held on 7 February 2015 in Taiwan to elect 5 of the 113 members of the Legislative Yuan for the remaining term until 2016. No change in the party composition of the Legislative Yuan resulted from the by-elections; three Democratic Progressive Party candidates won the seats vacated by DPP legislators, and two Kuomintang candidates won the seats vacated by KMT legislators.
References
- ↑ "An Analysis of Taiwan's Nine-in-One Local Elections". CSIS. 1 December 2014.
- ↑ Muyard, Frank. "Voting Shift in the November 2014 Local Elections in Taiwan". China Perspectives (2015/1): 61. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
- ↑ "Photo of the Day: Map of Taiwan local electio..." Taiwan News. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
- ↑ "Local Government Act". law.moj.gov.tw. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
- ↑ "Civil Servants Election And Recall Act". law.moj.gov.tw. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
- ↑ "中央選舉委員會:::歷次選舉摘要:::". 中央選舉委員會 (in Chinese). Retrieved 23 January 2020.
