Louisiana State University Tiger Marching Band

Last updated
Louisiana State University Tiger Marching Band
Lsubandpatch.png
School Louisiana State University
Location Baton Rouge, Louisiana
Conference SEC
Founded1893;131 years ago (1893)
DirectorSimon Holoweiko
Assistant DirectorsWeston Lewis and Rob Dowie
Members325
Fight song"Fight for LSU"
Website www.lsu.edu/cmda/bands
Led by the drum major, the band takes the field for its traditional pregame performance. LSUbandpregame.jpg
Led by the drum major, the band takes the field for its traditional pregame performance.
LSU Marching Band, The Golden Band From Tiger Land, October 5, 2019, Tammy Anthony Baker, Photographer LSUvsUT 212 (49174805191).jpg
LSU Marching Band, The Golden Band From Tiger Land, October 5, 2019, Tammy Anthony Baker, Photographer

The Louisiana State University Tiger Marching Band (also called the Golden Band from Tigerland or simply the Tiger Band) is the marching band of Louisiana State University (LSU). The full band has 325 members and performs at all LSU football home games, all bowl games, and one away game. The 100-110 member pep band, which makes up a portion of the marching band, performs at all away games except for one for which the full band performs.

Contents

History

Cadet band

The LSU Tiger Band began as a military band in 1893, organized by two students: Wylie M. Barrow and Ruffin G. Pleasant. [1] Pleasant, who later became governor of the state of Louisiana, served as director of the eleven-piece cadet band. [2] Pleasant was also quarterback of the football team and is credited along with football coach Charles E. Coates with changing LSU's official school colors from blue and white to purple and gold. [3] The band averaged thirteen members in its early years. [2]

Early Photographs of the Tiger Band
Louisiana Ditigal Library
Cadet Band pictured in front of Alumni Memorial Hall.
Band performs at State Fair in Shreveport in 1916.

In his written history of the band, former director of bands Frank Wickes describes the band's formative years:

By the turn of the century, the Cadet Band also became a marching unit. Tours of the state and appearances at Mardi Gras festivities in New Orleans became early traditions. In 1904, the band joined four companies of cadets from LSU for a performance at the St. Louis World Exposition. [2]

The band performed mainly military duties and later developed into focusing on athletic events. [2] The band marched in its first halftime show in 1924. [2] [4]

Kingfish years

The band experienced a major growth when the Louisiana governor Huey P. Long took a interest in increasing LSU's national prominence. In an oral history about the governor, Mary Hebert addressed Huey Long's preoccupation with the band improving the university became one of his pet projects. It was not LSU's academic standing, however, that first attracted his attention—it was the band. The governor then demanded that the band be enlarged from twenty-eight to one hundred twenty-five pieces. His band would be one of the largest in the country. [5]

He picked the university's president, James Monroe Smith, and hired a new band director, Castro Carazo, the orchestra leader at the Roosevelt Hotel in New Orleans. [1] [5] Long changed the band's drab military dress to a different uniform. [2] [6] A number of songs were co-written for the band by Long and Carazo, including "Touchdown for LSU," "Darling of LSU," and "The LSU Cadets March." [2] [6] "Touchdown for LSU" is played today as part of the band's pregame performance. Long often lowered train ticket prices so that the band and students could travel to away football games. [1] Long would often lead the band through the streets during parades. [7]

Years after Long's assassination, many of the changes he made to the band and to the university were reversed as part of a backlash against his control over LSU and the associated scandals; for instance, Carazo was fired and the military uniforms were reinstated. [1]

After WWII

The band remained a military cadet band until the end of World War II when the band department became a part of the School of Music. "During the Carazo years, female students had appeared with the band as drum majorettes, but not in the ranks of musicians." [2] Women first joined the band in 1943. [1] During this period, the band underwent several important changes that shaped its current image. The band hall burned to the ground in 1958, and a new hall was quickly built that is still used by the band. [1] The Ballet Corps (now known as the Golden Girls) was added by director Thomas Tyra in 1959, and the band's pregame performance that remains to this day was created in the 1960s by director William F. Swor. [2] Former director of bands Frank Wickes again describes the band at this time:

Photographs of Tiger Band after WWII
LOUISiana Ditigal Library
Halftime performance during LSU-Ole Miss game in 1968.
Band creates a tiger on the field during halftime in 1968.

The Tiger Band program hit its zenith in 1970 when LSU was named the All-American College TV Band in a one-time national contest sponsored by General Motors. After marching in the Orange Bowl Parade on New Year's Eve and performing at halftime of the 1971 Orange Bowl game on New Year's Day, the Tiger Band flew to Oakland, Ca. On January 2, the band performed a different show for another national television audience and officially received the All-American College TV Band Award at halftime of the East-West Shrine Bowl. The trophy was presented to Director Swor by Meredith ( The Music Man ) Willson, confirming LSU's prominence among the country's top university marching bands. [2]

The band creates a set of circles in the end zone during a halftime performance. LSUbandcircle.jpg
The band creates a set of circles in the end zone during a halftime performance.

Continued quest for excellence

In the fall of 1997, the band directors of the Southeastern Conference unanimously voted for the LSU Tiger Marching Band the best marching band in the SEC according to a survey taken by the Northwest Arkansas Times. [2] The band was awarded the Sudler Trophy in 2002, a one-time award conferred upon the nation's best college marching bands. [8]

Three women have led Tiger Band as drum majors: Kristie Smith (1999) season, Mindy Hebert (2000), and Mary Bahlinger (2014).

The band continues to be a celebrated part of the university community; some members report being asked for autographs. [9] The current look of the band has been memorialized in a set of 17 miniature, hand-painted figurines that include the different members of the band and that sell for almost $400. [10] [11] One group of fans has even chosen to memorialize the band's Pregame performance by creating shirts with the first four notes of the band's fanfare. [12] On Saturday, October 11, 2008, ESPN announced that the Tiger Band won first place in a competition amongst university bands from Auburn, Clemson, Florida, Georgia, Texas, and USC. Each band played a version of John Williams's Indiana Jones theme, and ESPN posted the videos online for fans to vote. [13] At halftime during the 2009 home football game against Vanderbilt, the band was inducted into the Louisiana Music Hall of Fame. In 2010, the LSU Golden Girls performed in Hong Kong as part of the Chinese New Year celebration, marking the first-ever international performance by the Golden Band from Tigerland. In 2012, the LSU Tiger Band was named one of the "Top Ten College Marching Bands in the United States" by the Huffington Post. The Tiger Band added another international performance in 2014 when all 325 members traveled to Dublin, Ireland, to perform in the St. Patrick's Day Parade.

On game day the band makes its way through campus toward Victory Hill and Tiger Stadium. LSUbandhill.JPG
On game day the band makes its way through campus toward Victory Hill and Tiger Stadium.

Traditions

Victory Hill

On game days, the band marches from the band hall to Tiger Stadium, stopping along the way at Victory Hill, located right outside the stadium. "Thousands of fans lining North Stadium Drive listen for the cadence of drums announcing the band's departure from the Greek Theatre" and await the impending arrival of the band. [14] The band stops on the hill and begins to play the opening strains of the "Pregame Salute." Then, while playing the introduction to "Touchdown for LSU," the band begins to run in tempo through the streets and down the hill amidst the crowd of cheering fans. The band also marches from the stadium to the band hall upon the conclusion of the game, a practice not usually employed by other bands. [9]

Photograph of Tiger Band Performing Pregame
LOUISiana Ditigal Library
Band in signature "LSU" formation in 1968.
Video of Tiger Band Performing Pregame
YouTube
Band performing in Tiger Stadium


Pregame

One of the traditions carried on by the band is its pregame performance at each home football game. The performance includes pieces from the band's expansive repertoire of school songs, including "Pregame Salute"/"Touchdown for LSU" arranged in 1964 by director William F. Swor specifically for the band to play during pregame. [15] The drill design and musical selections pieced together by Swor remain relatively unchanged today. The band uses a more traditional style of marching (called the "peak step" by directors and members of the band) during pregame, a style that requires the band members to lift their legs to mid-calf as they march.

The band forms LSU during a pregame performance in Tiger Stadium. LSUbandpregame2.jpg
The band forms LSU during a pregame performance in Tiger Stadium.

The band begins the performance in the stadium's south end zone and is called to attention by the drum major right before he marches out across the end zone in front of the band. Stopping at the goal line, the drum major wields his mace and uses his whistle to signal the band to take the field. The band marches out of the end zone to the beat of a single bass drum in fronts separated by five-yard intervals. The drum significantly halts at the 40-yard line on the far end of the field, and the band is now spread across the southern half of the field with the color guard at midfield and the southern goal line. The golden girls line up next to the band on the west sideline. The band stands at attention and awaits the percussion introduction to "Pregame Salute." As the band plays the opening chords of the salute (taken from the tune "Tiger Rag"), the band turns to face all four corners of the stadium. Once the band salutes each part of the stadium, the pace of the music and the marching picks up, the music transitions into Long's "Touchdown for LSU," and the band sweeps the field. Toward the song's end, the band breaks the fronts and spells "LSU."

In the "LSU" formation, the band plays the "LSU Alma Mater" and the "Star-Spangled Banner" and is directed at the north 47 and a half-yard line by the director of bands. The band then plays "Fight for LSU" as it virtually flips the formation to spell LSU for the fans on the east side of the stadium. Upon arriving in the new formation, the band plays the second half of "Tiger Rag," which culminates in the crowd chanting "T-I-G-E-R-S, TIGERS!' in unison. This is followed by the "First Down Cheer," to which the east side of the stadium, in unison, responds to each of the three refrains with "GEAUX! TIGERS!" and to the final refrain with "LSU!" To the sound of a fast-paced drum cadence, the band returns to the original "LSU" formation facing the west side of the stadium and replays the "First Down Cheer" as the crowd responds. The band immediately breaks into an encore performance of "Touchdown for LSU" as it reforms the original fronts, marches to the north end zone, and then breaks the fronts to form a tunnel through which the football team will enter the field.

An annual event, the band performs season highlights during Tigerama. LSUbandtigerama.jpg
An annual event, the band performs season highlights during Tigerama.

Tigerama

Each fall, the marching band and the university's top concert performance ensembles join forces for a concert featuring musical highlights from the football season. It is one of the most patriotic concerts that you will ever see. This annual concert, called Tigerama, is now in its 31st year. [16] [17] Tigerama begins with the LSU Wind Ensemble and the LSU Symphonic Winds playing a number of pieces including "LSU Rhapsody," a concert medley of school songs arranged and orchestrated by Bruce Healy and Ken Whitcomb, [18] and Claude T. Smith's "God of Our Fathers," which includes an antiphonal brass finale during which members of the Tiger Band brass join both of the concert ensembles. During the concert's second half, the Tiger Band enters its traditional cadence, plays songs from each show from the current football season, and concludes with traditional school songs. Tigerama has been performed in the University community at the Pete Maravich Assembly Center, Baton Rouge River Center, and is now at the LSU Student Union Theatre. On a few occasions, Tigerama was a traveling showcase for the Band Department at various performance venues throughout the state, such as the Saenger Theater in New Orleans. The event is also a fundraiser for the Bands program, featuring an auction of memorabilia and opportunities for donors to march down Victory Hill with the band on gameday. [19]

The band pays tribute to veterans and the nation during its annual LSU Salutes halftime performance. Lsubandpatriotic.jpg
The band pays tribute to veterans and the nation during its annual LSU Salutes halftime performance.

LSU Salutes

Each fall, the band honors its own humble beginnings as a cadet band and the history of the university during LSU Salutes by performing a halftime show with a patriotic theme. Usually during alternating years, the band plays a medley of songs representing each branch of the U.S. Armed Forces, spells out the names of each branch, and recognizes the members of each branch present in the stadium. This is also the only time when the Golden Girls and Color Guard change their look and don special red, white, and blue uniforms for the performance. LSU Salutes, generally celebrated during Veterans Day weekend, is a set of events that recognizes cadets who served in the U.S. Armed Forces. Until 1969, every entering male student at LSU was required to participate in the ROTC program for at least two years. [20] LSU was once referred to by students and staff alike as the Ole War Skule, and LSU ROTC programs provided more than 12,000 soldiers for World War II—a number eclipsed only by Texas A&M University (14,123 officers), and the military academies. [20] [21] The military heritage of the university dates back to its very establishment in 1860 as a military training institution; future American Civil War general William Tecumseh Sherman served as its first superintendent. [22]

Mike and one of the LSU Golden Girls march onto the field for Pregame. SELU LSU 9718 001.jpg
Mike and one of the LSU Golden Girls march onto the field for Pregame.

Golden Girls and Color Guard

As the band evolved into a full-blown show band, featured auxiliary units were created to add entertainment.

The LSU Golden Girls, a feature unit with the Tiger Band and the oldest and most established dance line on the LSU campus, was created in 1959 as the Ballet Corps by then director of bands Thomas Tyra. [23] The Golden Girl moniker became official in 1965. Today, the line includes eighteen dancers who audition each year to make the line and who are often members of private dance studios. [15]

The LSU Color Guard , a flag spinning unit not to be confused with a traditional military color guard, was established in 1971. [24] The audition process includes a solo, self-choreographed routine, fundamentals and an on-the-spot routine performed for a panel of judges. Twenty-six to thirty-two female or male spinners are selected from this process. [24] For a brief period in the 1980s the color guard was co-ed, but hadn't had a male performer until again in 2018. The LSU Color Guard hosts two male performers currently. [15]

Members of the LSU Color Guard perform at halftime Lsubandcolorguard.jpg
Members of the LSU Color Guard perform at halftime

Uniforms

In August 2017, Tiger Band purchased new uniforms that continued the more recent tradition of purple pants and gold coats with Greek key trim, a motif that can be found on the outside of Thomas Boyd Hall and David Boyd Hall on LSU's campus. [25]

Songs of LSU

"LSU Alma Mater"

The "LSU Alma Mater" was written in 1929 by Lloyd Funchess and Harris Downey, two students who developed the original song and music because LSU's first alma mater was sung to the tune of "Far Above Cayuga's Waters" and was used by Cornell University. [26] The band plays the "Alma Mater" during pregame and at the end of each home football game. Also, members of the band join arm-in-arm at the end of rehearsals on Saturday game days and sing the "Alma Mater" before leaving the practice facility.

"Fight for LSU"

"Fight for LSU" is the university's official fight song and was written by Castro Carazo in the 1940s. The band plays "Fight for LSU" often, most notably when the team enters the field (while the band is in a tunnel formation at the end of its pregame performance), successfully kicks a field goal, scores an extra point, or completes a two-point conversion. Following a halftime performance, the band often exits the field while playing "Fight for LSU." The full song uses elements of a musical march and consists of an introduction, a strain that is played twice (and sung twice using the same lyrics), a breakup strain (with new lyrics), a return to the introduction, a final repetition of the original strain (at a faster tempo and with the original lyrics), and a coda.

"Pregame Salute"/"Touchdown for LSU"

"Pregame Salute"/"Touchdown for LSU" is often incorrectly considered by fans to be the school's official fight song. The opening chords and melodies of the "Pregame Salute" were derived from "Tiger Rag," a popular jazz tune from 1917, while "Touchdown for LSU," which directly follows the "Pregame Salute" both on the field and in the stands, was written in part by Huey P. Long. This song is played most notably during pregame, during the march down Victory Hill, and at the beginning of the fourth quarter of each football game.

"Hey, Fightin’ Tigers"

"Hey, Fightin’ Tigers" was adopted as a school song in the 1960s by then director of bands Thomas Tyra. Originally titled "Hey, Look Me Over" and written by Cy Coleman for the musical Wildcat , starring Lucille Ball, a version of the song with its new lyrics by Carolyn Leigh, who wrote the original lyrics of "Hey Look Me Over", after the athletic department purchased the rights to use the song. [22] The band plays this song often in the stands and on occasion will play it to conclude a halftime performance while spelling out "LSU" or "Tigers." The song itself consists of an introduction, a repeated verse (with lyrics), a drum break during which the band and crowd both shout "T-I-G-E-R-S," and a jazz version of the original tune with various opportunities for the crowd to shout out "LSU." Typically, the full ensemble plays the verse once and then sings the second time while the percussion, tubas, and piccolos play.

The Bengal Brass Basketball Band which plays at all basketball games also plays "Hey Fightin' Tigers" with different lyrics.

"Tiger Rag"

"Tiger Rag" was first made popular by the Original Dixieland Jazz Band in 1917. It has been adopted by a number of schools who, like LSU, claim a tiger as a mascot. LSU started using the song in 1926, making them the first school to use the melody. It was brought to the university by the serving band director Joseph Hemingway. It has been said that years later, Clemson's band director was in Baton Rouge one 1942 Saturday night, and brought it back to South Carolina as his prized possession. The "Hold that Tiger" portion of the song (which musically consists of one pitch played three times followed by a second pitch, up a major third, played once) is the most recognizable portion of the song for LSU fans, as it is incorporated (at different tempos) into both the "Pregame Salute" and the "First Down Cheer." Upon the scoring of a touchdown, the band plays the "Hold that Tiger" portion of the song, which concludes with a "T-I-G-E-R-S" cheer from the crowd.

Other pieces

Bengal Brass

A group of 72 members selected from the ranks of the band constitute the Bengal Brass Basketball Band, often simply referred to as Bengal Brass. [33] This group consists mostly of brass players with a few woodwind players. (and percussionists on a trap set) is often split into two squads—purple and gold—and performs at LSU select home volleyball matches, many home gymnastics meets, all home men's basketball, and all home women's basketball games in the Pete Maravich Assembly Center. Bengal Brass also travels with the men's and women's basketball teams during postseason play, including trips by both teams to the Final Four. The band has performed in a number of cities in the United States including Boston, Jacksonville, Indianapolis, San Antonio, Nashville, Cleveland, Austin, New Orleans, Atlanta, San Francisco, Tampa, Pittsburgh, and Seattle among others.

Facilities

Band Hall

LSU Tiger Band Hall LSU Tiger Band Hall.jpg
LSU Tiger Band Hall

The LSU Tiger Band Hall is a 17,740-square-foot Italian Renaissance style complex located on Aster Street by the LSU north gates. [34] The $8.7 million complex dedicated on April 26, 2012, was designed by the architecture firm Howard Performance Architecture with Percy J. Matherne Contractor Inc. serving as the project's general contractor.

The complex is used for rehearsals by the Tiger Band and the LSU School of Music's entire band area, including the Wind Ensemble, Symphonic Winds and Symphonic Band concert groups. [34] The facility also hosts concerts and recitals and stores the band's musical instruments, field equipment, and band uniforms, along with color guard banners and Golden Girl uniform accessories. The complex includes a lobby that showcases a band trophy case along with the band's first indoor rehearsal hall/practice space which is based on the floor space of the Pete Maravich Assembly Center. The Bert and Sue Turner Tiger Band Rehearsal Hall includes a projection screen and mirrored walls to accommodate Color Guard and Golden Girl rehearsals. The hall also includes double sets of motorized curtains that line the walls to help with acoustics. [34] (Tiger Band Hall dedication ceremony)

Funding for the project was made possible through an action of the Louisiana Legislature along with matching funds from the university. LSU's matching funds were provided from athletics ticket sales and private donors raised approximately $2 million toward construction of the facility.

LSU has had two other band halls. LSU's second band hall was constructed in 1959 and still stands today. It was built to hold 140 players and is attached to the Music & Dramatic Arts Building, next to the LSU Greek Theater. [35] The original band hall was constructed in 1936 and was destroyed by fire in 1958. [36]

Outdoor Practice Field

The band has outdoor practice fields used for rehearsals during the week. The outdoor fields also include a 133-square-foot base conductor's tower which oversees the practice fields.

Indoor Practice Facility

During pre-season camp and on all Saturday home game days, the band uses the LSU Indoor Practice Facility that is part of the Football Operations Center. The indoor facility was built in 1991, is a climate-controlled 82,500 square feet, and is adjacent to LSU's four outdoor 100-yard football practice fields used by the LSU football team.

Notable alumni

See also

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References

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  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Wickes, Frank (2007). "The Marching Tigers: A Brief Look at Over 100 Years of the LSU Tiger Band, 'The Golden Band from Tigerland'". Louisiana State University Department of Bands. Accessed on 1 June 2007. Archived from the original on 17 August 2007. Retrieved 10 August 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  3. ↑ Little, Nancy (2002). "Tiger Rag: Rekindling a Rivalry and Returning a Tradition". Louisiana State University Media Relations. Accessed on 4 June 2007. Archived from the original on 26 September 2011. Retrieved 10 August 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  4. ↑ Frost, Emma (2004). "A day in the life of the Tiger Band: Writer follows the Band for a day". The Daily Reveille. Accessed on 1 June 2007. Archived from the original on 20 December 2007. Retrieved 10 August 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  5. 1 2 Hebert, Mary (1994). "'I've Got a University': Huey Long and LSU's Golden Years". T. Harry Williams Center for Oral History. Louisiana State University. Accessed on 4 June 2007. Archived from the original on 2 September 2006. Retrieved 10 August 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  6. 1 2 "Huey Long's Programs – Louisiana State University". Long Legacy Project (2006). Accessed on 1 June 2007.
  7. ↑ Everson, Darren (2008) (5 December 2008). "'What the Rise of Southern Football Says About America". The Wall Street Journal. Accessed on 6 December 2008.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  8. ↑ Leger, Benjamin (24 January 2002). "Golden Band from Tigerland awarded trophy". The Daily Reveille. Archived from the original on 14 July 2011. Retrieved 1 June 2007.
  9. 1 2 Bachman, Rachel (2004). "Postcard from Louisiana: Upending Stereotypes, Fans of LSU Geek for the Band". The Oregonian. Accessed on 4 June 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  10. ↑ "Louisiana State University Products". The Little Band Man Company. Accessed on 4 June 2007. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 10 August 2007.
  11. ↑ Mitchell, Dennis (15 March 2004). "Golden Band recreated in collectible form: Company founded by former student". The Daily Reveille. Archived from the original on 14 July 2011. Retrieved 4 June 2007.
  12. ↑ "92,000 fans. 4 notes. 1 experience". Gametime Shirts. Accessed on 23 October 2007.
  13. ↑ "ESPN Battle of the Bands". ESPN. Accessed on 11 October 2008. Archived from the original on 11 October 2008. Retrieved 11 October 2008.
  14. ↑ "Tiger Band". LesMiles.net. Louisiana State University Athletic Department. Accessed on 3 June 2007. Archived from the original on 16 October 2007. Retrieved 10 August 2007.
  15. 1 2 3 Burris, Alexandria (2003). "Music to cheer by: Golden Band boasts long legacy". The Daily Reveille. Accessed on 1 June 2007. Archived from the original on 24 July 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  16. ↑ Leger, Benjamin (2002). "Annual 'Tigerama' event entertains crowd: Wind ensemble, band display talents". The Daily Reveille. Accessed on 1 June 2007. Archived from the original on 20 December 2007. Retrieved 10 August 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  17. ↑ "Tigerama | LSU Department of Bands".
  18. ↑ Talley, Damon (16 November 2018). "2018-11-16 LSU Tigerama". Lsu School of Music Audio Recordings.
  19. ↑ "LSU's bands bringing Tigerama to Saenger Theater on Oct. 24". 21 October 2023.
  20. 1 2 Grantham, Natalie (2004). "Saluting Military History: University's history remembered". The Daily Reveille. Accessed on 1 June 2007. Archived from the original on 2011-07-14.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  21. ↑ "LSU Salutes - History". Louisiana State University. Accessed on 1 June 2007.
  22. 1 2 "Quickfacts". Louisiana State University. Accessed on 1 June 2007. Archived from the original on 9 June 2007. Retrieved 10 August 2007.
  23. ↑ "LSU Golden Girls". Louisiana State University Department of Bands. Accessed on 3 June 2007. Archived from the original on 30 July 2012.
  24. 1 2 "LSU Colorguard". Louisiana State University Department of Bands. Accessed on 3 June 2007.
  25. ↑ Phan, Christine; Harrold, Ruby; Govett, Mackenzie; Rusciano, Vinnie; Davis, Zachary (30 April 2018). "The Show Band of the South: The Evolution of the LSU Tiger Band Fashion from the 1950s to Today". What They Wore: A History of Fashion at LSU. Archived from the original on 5 June 2019. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
  26. ↑ Markway, Rebecca (2003). "Campus 411: Stuff you never knew about LSU". The Daily Reveille. Accessed on 4 June 2007. Archived from the original on 4 October 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  27. 1 2 Times-Picayune, Kia Hall Hayes, The (2009-11-01). "The Golden Band from Tigerland gets LSU fans pumped for football". NOLA.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  28. ↑ "National Champions - 1958". LesMiles.net. Louisiana State University Athletic Department. Accessed on 3 June 2007. Archived from the original on 17 October 2007. Retrieved 10 August 2007.
  29. ↑ "Karl King Tunes - L-M". www.karlking.us. Fort Dodge Public Library. Accessed on 3 June 2007.
  30. ↑ "LSU fans under fire once again for singing obscene lyrics at games". Houston Chronicle. 2013-12-17. Retrieved 2018-10-08.
  31. ↑ "LSU marching band rewards fans with 'Neck' after game, but that 5-word phrase returns too..." The Advocate. Retrieved 2018-10-08.
  32. ↑ Gallo, Andrea. "LSU officials struggle to rein in rambunctious student section". The Advocate. Retrieved 2018-10-08.
  33. ↑ "LSU Bengal Brass". Louisiana State University Department of Bands. Accessed on 3 June 2007. Archived from the original on 26 July 2011.
  34. 1 2 3 "LSU College of Music & Dramatic Arts Unveils New Tiger Band Hall". lsu.edu. Retrieved 2015-05-02.
  35. ↑ "LSU Tiger Marching Band to move into new facility next month". theadvocate.com/. Retrieved 2015-05-02.
  36. ↑ "LSU Band History, The Marching Tigers, A Brief Look at Over 100 Years of the LSU Tiger Band". lsu.edu. Archived from the original on 2015-05-12. Retrieved 2015-05-02.
  37. ↑ "Bill Conti". Internet Movie Database Inc. Accessed on 1 June 2007.
  38. ↑ "Julie Giroux". Internet Movie Database Inc. Accessed on 1 June 2007.
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