Manuel Hawk

Last updated

Hawk
Role Glider
National origin United Kingdom
DesignerW.L. Manuel
First flight25 November 1972
Number built1

The Manuel Hawk was a homebuilt single-seat glider designed and constructed in the UK around 1970. Only one example was flown.

Contents

Design and development

W. L. "Bill" Manuel, who had designed and built a glider as early as 1929 and was later responsible for the Willow Wren, designed the Hawk during his retirement. It was a single-seat aircraft intended for soaring in weak thermals. [1] He built the Hawk himself during 1968 and 1969 [2] before taking it to the College of Aeronautics at Cranfield for structural analysis. [1]

The Hawk was an all-wood, cantilever shoulder wing monoplane. The centre section of the three-piece wing was of constant chord and fitted with parallel-ruler type, upper surface airbrakes positioned at 28.26% of the half-span and at 42% chord. The outer panels were tapered with rounded tips and carried the ailerons. The wing had an angle of incidence of 3° and the outer panels had 3° of dihedral. Structurally, the wings had a spruce main spar at 33% chord with a plywood-covered torsion box ahead of it and fabric covering aft. [1]

The fuselage was a semi-monocoque spruce structure with plywood covering. The fin was also plywood-covered, carrying a fabric-covered rudder which reached from the underside of the T-tail to the bottom of the fuselage. The fixed-incidence tailplane was likewise plywood-covered and the elevator fabric-covered. The latter carried a Flettner-type trim tab on its starboard edge. The Hawk's single seat was forward of the wing and under a hinged, framed canopy. It landed on a single fixed wheel assisted by a tailskid. [1]

The first flight was on 25 November 1972, piloted by Howard Torode of the Cranfield Institute. Tests showed a lack of rudder power, quickly cured by an increase in area, but no other concerns. [1]

Operational history

Only one Hawk was built. It was certified as BGA 1778 by February 1973. [3] In July that year it was at the Sywell PFA weekend, where it gained third place in a competition amongst homebuilt aircraft. [4] Since 2013 it has been preserved by the Gliding Heritage Centre at Lasham. [5]

Specifications

Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1973/74 [1]

General characteristics

Performance

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Taylor, John W R (1973). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1973/74. London: Jane's Yearbooks. pp. 576–7. ISBN   0-354-00117-5.
  2. ↑ Ellison, Norman (1971). British Gliders and Sailplanes. London: A & C Black Ltd. p. 142. ISBN   978-0-7136-1189-2.
  3. ↑ "UK register". Air Britain Digest. 2 (4): 139. July–August 1973.
  4. ↑ "Flying is Popular". Flight . Vol. 104, no. 3358. 19 July 1973. p. 92.
  5. ↑ The Gliding Heritage Centre Collection


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