The Mark-12nuclear bomb was a lightweight nuclear bomb designed and manufactured by the United States which was built starting in 1954 and which saw service from then until 1962.
The Mark-12 was notable for being significantly smaller in both size and weight compared to prior implosion-type nuclear weapons. For example, the overall diameter was only 22 inches (56cm), compared to the immediately prior Mark-7 which had a 30 inches (76cm) diameter, and the volume of the implosion assembly was only 40% the size of the Mark-7's.
There was a planned W-12 warhead variant which would have been used with the RIM-8 Talos missile, but it was cancelled prior to introduction into service.
The complete Mark-12 bomb was 22 inches (56cm) in diameter, 155 inches (3.94m) long, and weighed 1,100 to 1,200 pounds (500 to 540kg). It had a yield of 12 to 14 kilotonnes of TNT (50 to 59TJ).
Features
The Mark-12 has been speculated to have been the first deployed nuclear weapon to have used beryllium as a reflector-tamper inside the implosion assembly (see nuclear weapon design). It is believed to have used a spherical implosion assembly, levitated pit, and 92-point detonation. It used an automatic in-flight insertion system for safing, in which its nuclear material was kept inside of the weapon itself, but outside of the implosion sphere until a motor-driven mechanism activated by the plane crew signaled for it to be inserted.[1]
In popular culture
Though the weapon went out of service in 1962, it resurfaced in a fictional role in Tom Clancy's 1991 book The Sum of All Fears and the 2002 film, where the plot included an Israeli copy of the Mark-12 being lost by accident in 1973 during the Yom Kippur War in southern Syria near the Golan Heights, and then recovered by a terrorist organization.[2]
This page is based on this Wikipedia article Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
