 | This article needs to be updated.(August 2020) |
The Republic of Vanuatu is an officially trilingual state in the western Pacific, the three national languages being English, French and Bislama. There is a diversity of newspapers, but only one, state-owned television channel. Private radio stations are a recent development; there were reportedly none in 2007. [1]
Freedom House in 2007 categorised Vanuatu's media as "free", noting however that "journalists have been censored or intimidated" by members of the police in isolated incidents, leading to apologies by the Police Commissioner. [1]
In 2001, Marc Neil-Jones, British-born publisher of the Vanuatu Daily Post , "was unlawfully deported from Vanuatu before being able to publish an article critical of the government". His deportation was subsequently overturned. [2] In June 2011, Harry Iauko was convicted of aiding and abetting damage to property and aiding and abetting intentional assault, for having led a group of men into the offices of the Daily Post, where they assaulted Neil-Jones for the newspaper's criticism of Iauko, who was at the time Minister for Infrastructure and Public Utilities. Iauko was fined Vt15,000. [3] Reporters Without Borders denounced the fine as "risible", saying it was "not commensurate with the gravity of the crime", and that such a small fine for an assault on a journalist risked pushing other journalists to censor themselves rather than criticise politicians. [4]
The Commonwealth of Nations reports in 2013 that "Vanuatu is widely-considered by independent observers as a country with an unfettered freedom of press". [5] [6]
The Vanuatu Weekly is a state-owned paper published in all three national languages. [5] [6] The two main daily newspapers are both private: the Port Vila Presse (in French and in English), and the Vanuatu Daily Post (in English). [5] The Daily Post has a sister weekly newspaper in French, L'Hebdo du Vanuatu . [6] The Vanuatu Independent, Nasara and the Ni-Vanuatu are all private weekly papers. [5]
The state-owned Radio Vanuatu is operated by the Vanuatu Broadcasting and Television Corporation. [6] Its origins lie in the colonial era, prior to the country's independence from France and the United Kingdom in 1980. During the colonial period it began as Radio Vila, then Radio New Hebrides, initially broadcasting only ten minutes a day. As of 2013, it broadcasts "16 hours of news, information programs, music and entertainment". [7] The station "has achieved almost nationwide coverage", and, as of 2000, used Bislama "approximately 80 percent of the time". [8]
Private radio stations are Capital FM 107, 96Buzz FM, and the Christian station Laef FM. [6] [7]
Also available are foreign radio broadcasts tailored for an international audience: BBC World Service, Radio France Internationale, Radio Australia, and China Radio International. [6]
1NOMO TV Channel Is a project of Telsat Pacific, a locally owned and operated company. 1NOMO prizes itself as being a family friendly, free-to-air and high quality content that all peoples, local or expat, can enjoy. 1NOMO broadcasts local content and international content and the languages broadcast are predominantly Bislama and English. At the same time as supporting the local producers in Vanuatu by seeking sponsorship funding for them.
Television Blong Vanuatu (Bislama for "Television of Vanuatu"), is operated by the state's Vanuatu Broadcasting and Television Corporation (Government owned). "Established with the help of Radio France Overseas", it broadcasts both in French and in English. [5] As of 2010, it reached only about 20% of the population, and 80% of its content was borrowed from the New Caledonian channel Nouvelle-Calédonie 1re. France provided assistance to extend its coverage to a greater part of the country. [9]
KAM TV (Komuniti Akses Media) is the second TV channel locally produced in Vanuatu by Marke Lowen. It broadcasts 24x7 and the programming consists of approx 95% local content. KAM is operated as a free Open public channel promoting local cultural knowledge and education under a 'not for profit' structure. It is broadcast FTA as Channel 1 on Telsat Pacific's UHF DVB-T2 digital TV system. (www.telsat.vu)
Mass media in Liberia include the press, radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet.
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The mass media in Romania refers to mass media outlets based in Romania. Television, magazines, and newspapers are all operated by both state-owned and for-profit corporations which depend on advertising, subscription, and other sales-related revenues. The Constitution of Romania guarantees freedom of speech. As a country in transition, the Romanian media system is under transformation.
The telecommunication systems in Vanuatu provides voice and data services to the island nation.
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Mass media in Nepal include radios, televisions, newspapers and the online services.
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Mass media in Sierra Leone began when the first modern printing press in Africa arrived at the start of the 19th century. In the 1860s the country became a journalist hub for Africa with professional travelling to the country from across the continent. At the end of the 19th century the industry went into decline and when radio was introduced in the 1930s this became the primary communication media. Print media is not widely read in Sierra Leone, especially outside Freetown, partially due to the low levels of literacy in the country. In 2008 there were 15 daily newspapers in addition to those published weekly. Among newspaper readership young people are likely to read newspapers weekly and older people daily. The majority of newspapers are privately run and are often critical of the government.
This is a list of media outlets in the city of Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada.
Television, magazines, and newspapers have all been operated by both state-owned and for-profit corporations which depend on advertising, subscription, and other sales-related revenues. Even though the Constitution of Russia guarantees freedom of speech, the press has been plagued by both government censorship and self-censorship.
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Mass media in Kenya includes more than 91 FM stations, more than 64 free to view TV stations, and an unconfirmed number of print newspapers and magazines. Publications mainly use English as their primary language of communication, with some media houses employing Swahili. Vernacular or community-based languages are commonly used in broadcast media; mostly radio.
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Mass media in the Democratic Republic of the Congo are both nationally and internationally state owned and operated.
Harry Iauko was a Ni-Vanuatu politician. He was a Member of Parliament for Tanna, representing the Vanua'aku Pati, from 2008 until his death.
A by-election was held in the Tanna constituency in Vanuatu on 27 May 2013. It followed the death of incumbent MP Harry Iauko, who was also the Minister for Infrastructure, Public Utilities and Public Service.
Marc Neil-Jones, born 14 October 1957, is a Vanuatuan journalist. A campaigner for freedom of the press, he has been assaulted several times, as well as briefly deported and imprisoned. Radio New Zealand has described him as "one of the Pacific's most significant journalistic figures".
