Mohammad Musa Khan (Afghanistan)

Mohammad Musa Khan محمد موسی خان
Sardar Emir of Afghanistan
Emir of Afghanistan
Reign	19 October 1879 – 21 April 1880
Coronation	15 December 1879 Bala Hissar, Kabul, Emirate of Afghanistan
Predecessor	Mohammad Yaqub Khan
Successor	Abdur Rahman Khan (in Kabul) Mohammad Ayub Khan (in Herat)
Born	1868 (1868) Kabul, Emirate of Afghanistan
Died	1951 (aged 82–83) Kabul, Kingdom of Afghanistan
Spouse	2 wives Masuma Begum A daughter of Abdul Salam Khan
Issue	1 son and 6 daughters Mohammad Ali Khan Maliha Halima Begum Laila Bilqis Begum Tara Begum Mahbouba Begum Selina Begum Saleha Begum
Dynasty	Barakzai dynasty
Father	Mohammad Yaqub Khan
Mother	Ruqaiya Begum
Religion	Sunni Islam (until 1915) Roman Catholic Christianity (from 1915)

Mohammad Musa Khan Barakzai, ^[a] later known as Wilfred Mark Musa, was Emir of Afghanistan from the time of his father Mohammad Yaqub Khan's abdication in 1879 until his abdication in 1880. ^{[1] [2]}

Early life

Mohammad Musa Khan was born in 1868 in Kabul to his father Mohammad Yaqub Khan, a member of the Mohammadzai branch of the Barakzai Pashtun tribe. He was crowned as the crown prince of Afghanistan by his father on 20 March 1879.

Reign

Following his father's abdication after the British occupation of Kabul driven from the Siege of the British Residency in Kabul, Mohammad Musa Khan succeeded his father's position at 11 years of age, under the guidance and supervision of Din Mohammad Andar, ^[3] and had Ghazni as his de facto capital. ^[4]

Recorded tree of descendants of Dost Mohammad Khan as emirs of Afghanistan

Exile and death

Musa later abdicated and fled to Tehran, Qajar Iran, staying there for 8 years before being granted a leave to settle with his father in Dehradun, British Raj, and moved to Meerut, following family quarrels. Musa returned to Afghanistan following a decree of general amnesty declared by Habibullah Khan in 1912, but returned to India, and was baptized as a Christian in 1915, assuming the name "Wilfred Mark Musa" from his honorific title as a crown prince as "Wali Ahad Mohammad Musa".

He permanently resided in Afghanistan following the Partition of India in 1947, living there until his death in 1951.

Notes

1. • Pashto: محمد موسی خان بارکزی, romanized: Muhammad Musā Xān Bārakzai [mu.wa.mad̪muˈsɑxɑnbɑ.ɾak.zaɪ,mu.ham.mad̪muˈsɑxɑnbɑ.ɾak.zaɪ]
   • Persian: محمد موسی خان بارکزی, romanized: Mohammad Mūsā Khān Bārakzay [mʊ.wäm.mád̪muː.sɑ́ːxɑːnbɑː.ɾäk.záj,mo̞.ɦäm.mád̪muː.sɑ́ːxɑːnbɑː.ɾäk.záj]

References

1. Lee, Jonathan L. (2018). Afghanistan: A History from 1260 to the Present. Reaktion Books. ISBN   9781789140101.
2. Forbes, Archibald (1896). The Afghan Wars 1839-42 And 1878-80. London: Seeley and Co. Limited.
3. Stewart, Jules (2011). On Afghanistan's Plains. The Story of Britain's Afghan Wars. London. ISBN   978-1-84885-717-9.
4. Hazārah, Fayż Muḥammad Kātib; McChesney, R. D.; Khorrami, Mohammad Mehdi (2013). The History of Afghanistan: Fayż Muḥammad Kātib Hazārah's Sirāj al-Tawārīkh. Brill. ISBN   9789004234925.