Monochamus is a genus of longhorn beetles found throughout the world. They are commonly known as sawyer beetles or sawyers, as their larvae bore into dead or dying trees, especially conifers such as pines. They are the type genus of the Monochamini, a tribe in the huge long-horned beetle subfamily Lamiinae, but typically included in the Lamiini today.
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, commonly known as pine wood nematode or pine wilt nematode (PWN), is a species of nematode that infects trees in the Pinus genus of coniferous trees and causes the disease pine wilt. While native to North America, it spread in the early 20th century to Japan and in the latter half of the century to other areas of Asia, including China, Taiwan and Korea, as well as to Europe, including Portugal and Spain.
Bursaphelenchus is a genus of nematodes (roundworms) in the order Aphelenchida. Most are obligate mycophages, but some feed on wood, with two species, the red ring nematode and the pine wood nematode, economically significant as pests of coconut palms and of pine trees, respectively. Given that Bursaphelenchus species are usually hard to distinguish from one another except by trained nematologists with access to microscopes or DNA sequence analysis, the entire genus is put under quarantine in some countries. Where this is not the case however, these nematodes are becoming established as model organisms for nematode developmental biology, ecology and genetics.
The South American palm weevil, Rhynchophorus palmarum, is a species of snout beetle. The adults are relatively large black beetles of approximately one and a half inch in length, and the larvae may grow to two inches in length.
Monochamus scutellatus, commonly known as the white-spotted sawyer or spruce sawyer or spruce bug, is a common wood-boring beetle found throughout North America. It is a species native to North America.
Monochamus dubius is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Charles Joseph Gahan in 1894. It is known from India, Thailand, Myanmar, Vietnam, Taiwan, and China.
Insulochamus thomensis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Karl Jordan in 1903 as Monochamus thomensis. It is known from São Tomé and Príncipe.
Insulochamus annobonae is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius as Monochamus annobonae in 1928. It occurs on the island of Annobón, Equatorial Guinea.
Monochamus subfasciatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1873. It is recorded from Japan where it infests Japanese red pine and is a vector of the nematode Bursaphelenchus doui.
Monochamus adamitus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by James Thomson in 1857. It is known from Tanzania, Sierra Leone, Angola, Ghana, Mozambique, the Ivory Coast, Senegal, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, and Zimbabwe.
Monochamus sutor is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758, originally under the genus Cerambyx. It has a wide, natural distribution throughout Europe, and has also been introduced into Belgium and the Netherlands. Adults measure between 15 to 24 mm, and larvae measure up to 45 mm (1.8 in).
Monochamus alternatus, the Japanese pine sawyer, is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Frederick William Hope in 1842. It is known from Hong Kong, Vietnam, Laos, North Korea, South Korea, Japan, China, and Taiwan. It feeds on Pinus banksiana, Abies firma, Pinus armandii, Pinus massoniana, and Pinus densiflora. It serves as a vector for the nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.
Monochamus clamator, the spotted pine sawyer, is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1852.
Monochamus galloprovincialis, the pine sawyer beetle, also referred to as the black pine sawyer beetle, is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Olivier in 1795, originally under the genus Cerambyx. It has a wide distribution, occurring naturally throughout Europe and the Caucasus. It has also been introduced into the Canary Islands. It serves as a vector for the parasitic nematode species Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, and also acts as a host to the parasitoid wasp species Dolichomitus tuberculatus.
Monochamus impluviatus, the Siberian speckled sawyer, is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Victor Motschulsky in 1859. It is recorded from east of the Ural Mountains in Russia through to the Russian Far East, as well as Mongolia, Northeast China and North Korea.
Monochamus maculosus, the spotted pine sawyer, is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It is known from Canada and the United States, and was formerly known as Monochamus mutator.
Monochamus notatus, the northeastern pine sawyer or notable sawyer, is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Dru Drury in 1773, originally under the genus Cerambyx. It is known from Canada and the United States.
Monochamus ruspator is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1781, originally under the genus Lamia. It has a wide distribution throughout Africa.
Monochamus sartor is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1787, originally under the genus Lamia. It is known from throughout Europe, as well as in Kazakhstan, Mongolia, North Korea and South Korea. It is rated by the IUCN as Least Concern.
Monochamus thomsoni is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Chevrolat in 1855, originally under the genus Monohammus. It has a wide distribution throughout Africa. It contains the subspecies Monochamus thomsoni marshalli.
