Monograptidae

Monograptidae Temporal range: Ordovician - Devonian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Fossil of Monograptus flemingi
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Hemichordata
Class:	Graptolithina
Order:	Graptoloidea
Family:	Monograptidae Lapworth, 1873

Monograptidae is an extinct family of graptolites of the order Graptoloidea. ^[1] Monograptids have only one row of thecae per stipe (stem, branch), unlike the biserial graptolites which have two opposing rows of thecae per stipe. ^[2]

Fossil record

Fossils of Monograptidae are found from the Ordovician to the Devonian (age range: from 460.9 to 402.5 million years ago). They are especially important during the early Silurian. ^[2] They are known from various localities in Europe, North America, Argentina, China, Central Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia, Algeria and Morocco. ^[1]

Genera

Maletz (2014) identifies 98 genera of Monograptidae. The family can possibly be divided into several subfamilies. ^[3]

• † Abiesgraptus Hundt, 1935
• † Acanthograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• † Alexandrograptus Přibyl, 1981
• † Atavograptus Rickards, 1974
• † Averianowograptus Obut, 1949
• † Awarograptus Zalasiewicz & Howe, 2003
• † Barrandeograptus Bouček, 1933
• † Bohemograptus Přibyl, 1967a
• † Bugograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• † Campograptus Obut, 1949
• † Cochlograptus Obut, 1987
• † Colonograptus Přibyl, 1942
• † Coronograptus Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1968 in Obut et al. (1968)
• † Corymbites Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1967 in Obut et al. (1967)
• † Crinitograptus Rickards, 1995
• † Cucullograptus Urbanek, 1954
• † Cultellograptus Loydell & Nestor, 2006
• † Cyrtograpsus Carruthers, 1867 in Murchison (1867)
• † Damosiograptus Obut, 1950
• † Demirastrites Eisel, 1912
• † Dibranchiograptus Hundt, 1949
• † Didymograptoides Hundt, 1951
• † Diversograptus Manck, 1923
• † Dulebograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• † Egregiograptus Rickards & Wright, 1997
• † Enigmagraptus Rickards & Wright, 2004
• † Euroclimacis Štorch, 1998a
• † Falcatograptus Hundt, 1965
• † Formosograptus Bouček et al., 1976
• † Fterograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• † Gangliograptus Hundt, 1939
• † Globosograptus Bouček & Přibyl, 1948 in Přibyl (1948a)
• † Heisograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• † Hemimonograptus Zhao 1984
• † Hubeigraptus Li, 1995
• † Huttagraptus Koren’ & Bjerreskov, 1997
• † Istrograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• † Korenea Rickards et al., 1995
• † Kurganakograptus Golikov, 1969
• † Lagarograptus Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1968 in Obut et al. (1968)
• † Lapworthograptus Bouček & Přibyl, 1952
• †Lenzia Rickards & Wright, 1999
• † Linograptus Frech, 1897
• † Lituigraptus Ni, 1978
• † Lobograptus Urbanek, 1958
• † Lomatoceras Bronn, 1835
• † Mediograptus Bouček & Přibyl, 1948 in Přibyl (1948a)
• † Metamonograptus Wang, 1977
• † Monoclimacis Frech, 1897
• † Monograpsus Geinitz, 1852
• † Monoprion Barrande, 1850
• † Mystiograptus Hundt, 1965
• † Neocolonograptus Urbanek, 1997
• † Neocucullograptus Urbanek, 1970
• † Neodiversograptus Urbanek, 1963
• † Neolagarograptus Štorch, 1998b
• † Neolobograptus Urbanek, 1970
• † Neomonograptus Mu & Ni, 1973
• † Obutograptus Mu, 1955
• † Oktavites Levina, 1928
• † Paradiversograptus Sennikov, 1976
• † Paragraptus Hundt, 1965
• † Paramonoclimacis Wang & Ma, 1977 in Wang & Jin (1977)
• † Pernerograptus Přibyl, 1941
• † Polonograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• † Pomatograptus Jaekel, 1889
• † Přibylograptus Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1966
• † Pristiograptus Jaekel, 1889
• † Prochnygraptus Přibyl & Štorch, 1985
• † Procyrtograptus Poulsen, 1943
• † Prolinograptus Rickards & Wright, 1997
• † Proteograptus Lenz et al., 2012
• † Pseudomonoclimacis Mikhailova, 1975
• † Pseudostreptograptus Loydell, 1991a
• † Quasipernerograptus Zhao, 1984
• † Rastrites Barrande, 1850
• † Rastrograptus Hopkinson & Lapworth, 1875
• † Saetograptus Přibyl, 1942
• † Sinodiversograptus Mu & Chen, 1962
• † Skalograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• † Slovinograptus Urbanek, 1997
• † Spirograptus Gürich, 1908
• † Stavrites Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1968 in Obut et al. (1968)
• † Stimulograptus Přibyl & Štorch, 1983
• † Streptograptus Yin, 1937
• † Tamplograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• † Testograptus Přibyl, 1967b
• † Thuringiograptus Hundt, 1935
• † Tirassograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• † Torquigraptus Loydell, 1993
• † Trimorphograptus Zhao, 1984
• † Tyrsograptus Obut, 1949
• † Uncinatograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• † Uralograptus Koren’, 1962
• † Urbanekia Rickards & Wright, 1999
• ? † Vietnamograptus van Phuc, 1998
• † Wandograptus Rickards & Jell, 2002
• † Wolynograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976

References

1. Paleobiology Database Paleobiology Database
2. Maletz, Jörg (2017). Graptolite Paleobiology. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN   9781118515617.
3. Maletz, Jörg (2014). "The classification of the Pterobranchia (Cephalodiscida and Graptolithina)". Bulletin of Geosciences. 89 (3): 477–540. doi: 10.3140/bull.geosci.1465 . ISSN   1214-1119.