Myosotis colensoi

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Myosotis colensoi
Myosotis colensoi 11869684.jpg
Status NZTCS NC.svg
Nationally Critical (NZ TCS) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Boraginales
Family: Boraginaceae
Genus: Myosotis
Species:
M. colensoi
Binomial name
Myosotis colensoi

Myosotis colensoi is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Thomas Kirk described the species in 1896. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with bracteate inflorescences and white corollas.

Contents

Taxonomy and etymology

Myosotis colensoi (Kirk) J.F.Macbr. is in the plant family Boraginaceae and was originally described (as Exarrhena colensoi Kirk) in 1896 by Thomas Kirk. [3] [2] M colensoi is morphologically most similar to M. cheesemanii, from which it can be distinguished by its rosette laminas which are longer (> 6.8 mm) with a larger length : width ratio (2.2–3.1 : 1), shorter petioles, and larger rosettes. [4]

The type specimen of Myosotis colensoi is lodged at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, Wellington (herbarium WELT). [5] [4]

The specific epithet, colensoi, is named after New Zealand missionary and botanist, William Colenso 1811–1899). [2]

Phylogeny

Myosotis colensoi was shown to be a part of the monophyletic southern hemisphere lineage of Myosotis in phylogenetic analyses of standard DNA sequencing markers (nuclear ribosomal DNA and chloroplast DNA regions). [6] Within the southern hemisphere lineage, species relationships were not well resolved. [6]

Description

Myosotis colensoi plants are single rosettes that grow close together forming loose clumps. The rosette leaves have petioles 2–16 mm long. The rosette leaf blades are 4–15 mm long by 0.6–2 mm wide (length: width ratio 2.2–3.8: 1), oblanceolate to narrowly obovate or rarely narrowly elliptic to elliptic, widest at or above the middle, with an obtuse and often retuse apex. The upper surface of the leaf is densely covered in straight, mostly appressed, antrorse (forward-facing) hairs that are parallel to the mid vein, while on the lower surface the hairs are the same but often only a few isolated hairs are present. Each rosette has 3–13 prostrate, unbranched, bracteate inflorescences that are (14)32–76 mm long. The cauline leaves on the lower part of the inflorescence are similar to but smaller than the rosette leaves, but usually sparsely to densely hairy on the lower surface, and decrease in size and become sessile toward the tip. There can be up to 12 flowers in each inflorescence, each one borne on a short pedicel and with a bract. The calyx is 3–7 mm long at flowering and 4–8 mm long at fruiting, lobed to about a third of its length, and densely covered in short, straight, appressed to patent, antrorse hairs. The corolla is white up to 9 mm in diameter, with a cylindrical tube, petals that are obovate to very broadly broadly obovate and flat, and small yellow scales alternating with the petals. The anthers are partially exserted, with the tips only surpassing the scales. The four smooth, shiny, medium brown nutlets are 1.3–1.8 mm long by 0.8–1.1 mm wide and ovoid (rarely narrowly ovoid) in shape. [4]

Myosotis colensoi has M. australis type pollen. [7] [8]

The chromosome number of M. colensoi is 2n = 46 (CHR100916). [9] The breeding system of Myosotis colensoi is outcrossing, as the flowers are 'always herkogamous', with a high pollen : ovule ratio, and no seed production in enclosed flowers. [10] Nevertheless, the species is also fully self-compatible. [11]

Myosotis colensoi flowers and fruits from (September–)November–January(–April). [4]

Distribution and habitat

Myosotis colensoi is endemic to the South Island of New Zealand in Marlborough (Chalk Range) and Canterbury (Castle Hill area), from 610–1050 m ASL. M. colensoi is found on dry, exposed limestone. [4] [12] In Canterbury, it may be found with the Castle Hill buttercup, Ranunculus paucifolius. [4] [12] It is considered to be an obligate calcicole. [13]

Conservation status

The species is listed as Threatened - Nationally Critical in the most recent assessment (2017-2018) of the New Zealand Threatened Classification for plants. It also has the qualifiers "RR" (Sparse) and "Sp" (Sparse). [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Myosotis antarctica</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis antarctica is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, native to mainland New Zealand, Campbell Island and southern Chile. Joseph Dalton Hooker described the species in his 19th century work Flora Antarctica. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white or blue corollas. It is one of two native species of Myosotis in the New Zealand subantarctic islands, the other being M. capitata, which also has blue corollas.

<i>Myosotis chaffeyorum</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis chaffeyorum is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Carlos Lehnebach described the species in 2012. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a creeping habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis bryonoma</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis bryonoma is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Michael Thorsen described the species. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a creeping habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis retrorsa</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis retrorsa is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls described the species. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis umbrosa</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis umbrosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Michael Thorsen described the species. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis albiflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis albiflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, native to southern Chile and Argentina. This species was described by Joseph Banks and Daniel Solander in Joseph Dalton Hooker's 19th century work Flora Antarctica. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial and have white corollas. It is one of two native species of Myosotis in southern South America, the other being M. antarctica.

<i>Myosotis cheesemanii</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis cheesemanii is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Donald Petrie described the species in 1886. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with bracteate inflorescences and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis glabrescens</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis glabrescens is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore described the species in 1961. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are tightly compacted, perennial mats with bracteate inflorescences and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis matthewsii</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis matthewsii is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore described the species in 1961. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with bracteate inflorescences and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis pulvinaris</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis pulvinaris or the Cushion Forget-Me-Not is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Joseph Dalton Hooker described the species in 1867. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate, compact, cushion habit, short bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis spatulata</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis spatulata is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to New Zealand. Georg Forster described the species in 1786. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with bracteate inflorescences and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis tenericaulis</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis tenericaulis is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to New Zealand. Donald Petrie described the species in 1918. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with creeping, sprawling bracteate inflorescences and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis uniflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis uniflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Joseph Dalton Hooker described the species in 1867. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate, compact, cushion or mat habit, short bracteate inflorescences, and cream to yellow corollas.

<i>Myosotis lyallii</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis lyallii is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to New Zealand. Joseph Dalton Hooker described the species in 1853. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate or partially-bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis lyallii <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> elderi</i> Subspecies of flowering plant endemic to New Zealand

Myosotis lyalliisubsp. elderi is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to New Zealand. Lucy Moore described Myosotis elderi in 1961, and Heidi Meudt and Jessie Prebble treated it as a subspecies of M. lyallii in 2018. Plants of this subspecies of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas with partially exserted anthers.

<i>Myosotis lyallii <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> lyallii</i> Subspecies of flowering plant endemic to New Zealand

Myosotis lyalliisubsp. lyallii is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Joseph Dalton Hooker described M. lyallii in 1853. Plants of this subspecies of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate or partially-bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas, usually with exserted anthers.

<i>Myosotis brevis</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis brevis is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to New Zealand. George Simpson and J.S. Thomson described M. pygmaea var. minutiflora in 1942, and Peter de Lange and John Barkla recognized it at species rank in 2010, as M. brevis. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are small and annual, with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, tiny white corollas, and brown or green leaves.

<i>Myosotis hikuwai</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis hikuwai is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Geoff Rogers described M. hikuwai in 2022. Plants of this forget-me-not are spring annuals with bracteate and erect inflorescences, and small, white corollas with inserted stamens. The species is considered Threatened and known only from one population near Wānaka.

<i>Myosotis venticola</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis venticola is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt and Jessica Prebble described M. venticola in 2022. Plants of this forget-me-not are perennial with bracteate and prostrate inflorescences, and small, white corollas with partly exserted stamens.

<i>Myosotis pansa <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> praeceps</i> Subspecies of flowering plant

Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore described the variety M. petiolata var. pansa in 1961, and it was transferred to a subspecies of M. pansa by Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble, Rebecca Stanley and Michael Thorsen in 2013. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with partially bracteate inflorescences and white corollas with exserted stamens.

References

  1. 1 2 Lange, Peter J. de; Rolfe, Jeremy R.; Barkla, John W.; Courtney, Shannel P.; Champion, Paul D.; Perrie, Leon R.; Beadel, Sarah M.; Ford, Kerry A.; Breitwieser, Ilse; Schönberger, Ines; Hindmarsh-Walls, Rowan (May 2018). "Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017" (PDF). New Zealand Threat Classification Series. 22: 1–86. OCLC   1041649797.
  2. 1 2 3 Kirk, Thomas (1894). "Notes on certain veronicas, and descriptions of new species". Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 28: 515–531.
  3. ↑ "Myosotis colensoi". New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Meudt, Heidi M.; Prebble, Jessica M. (28 February 2018). "Species limits and taxonomic revision of the bracteate-prostrate group of southern hemisphere forget-me-nots (Myosotis, Boraginaceae), including description of three new species endemic to New Zealand". Australian Systematic Botany. 31 (1): 48–105. doi:10.1071/SB17045. ISSN   1446-5701. S2CID   90834744.
  5. ↑ "Myosotis colensoi". collections.tepapa.govt.nz. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  6. 1 2 Meudt, Heidi M.; Prebble, Jessica M.; Lehnebach, Carlos A. (1 May 2015). "Native New Zealand forget-me-nots (Myosotis, Boraginaceae) comprise a Pleistocene species radiation with very low genetic divergence". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 301 (5): 1455–1471. Bibcode:2015PSyEv.301.1455M. doi:10.1007/s00606-014-1166-x. ISSN   2199-6881. S2CID   254048318.
  7. ↑ Meudt, HM (1 October 2016). "Pollen morphology and its taxonomic utility in the Southern Hemisphere bracteate-prostrate forget-me-nots (Myosotis, Boraginaceae)". New Zealand Journal of Botany. 54 (4): 475–497. Bibcode:2016NZJB...54..475M. doi:10.1080/0028825X.2016.1229343. ISSN   0028-825X. S2CID   89118799.
  8. ↑ "Myosotis colensoi". collections.tepapa.govt.nz. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  9. ↑ Beuzenberg, E. J.; Hair, J. B. (1 March 1983). "Contributions to a chromosome atlas of the New Zealand flora—25 Miscellaneous species". New Zealand Journal of Botany. 21 (1): 13–20. doi:10.1080/0028825X.1983.10428520 (inactive 1 November 2024). ISSN   0028-825X.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
  10. ↑ Robertson, A. W.; Lloyd, D. G. (1991). "Herkogamy, dichogamy and self-pollination in six species of Myosotis (Boraginaceae)". Evolutionary Trends in Plants. ISSN   1011-3258.
  11. ↑ Robertson, Alistair (1989). Evolution and pollination of New Zealand Myosotis (Boraginaceae) (PhD thesis). University of Canterbury. doi:10.26021/8460. hdl:10092/5849.
  12. 1 2 "Calcareous screes". Manaaki Whenua. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  13. ↑ Rogers, GM; Courtney, SP; Heenan, PB (2018). "The calcicolous vascular flora of New Zealand" (PDF). Science for Conservation. 331. Wellington, New Zealand: Department of Conservation, Te Papa Atawhai, New Zealand Government.
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