Myosotis tenericaulis

Last updated

Myosotis tenericaulis
Myosotis tenericaulis 5836949.jpg
Myosotis tenericaulus plant in flower
Status NZTCS NU.svg
Naturally Uncommon (NZ TCS)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Boraginales
Family: Boraginaceae
Genus: Myosotis
Species:
M. tenericaulis
Binomial name
Myosotis tenericaulis

Myosotis tenericaulis is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to New Zealand. Donald Petrie described the species in 1918. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with creeping, sprawling bracteate inflorescences and white corollas.

Contents

Taxonomy and etymology

Myosotis tenericaulis is in the plant family Boraginaceae and was originally described in 1918 by Donald Petrie. [2] [3] [4] Myosotis tenericaulis is morphologically most similar to the other creeping, bracteate-prostrate species from the southern hemisphere, including M. matthewsii, M. chaffeyorum and M. spatulata (all from New Zealand) and especially M. albiflora (from southern Chile and Argentina). [5] It can be distinguished from M. albiflora by its smaller nutlets (< 1.8 mm long vs. > 1.8 mm long), styles that are usually longer than the calyx at flowering (ratio of the pistil length : calyx length is usually > 1 : 1 vs. < 1 : 1), and shorter stamens (< 2.7 mm vs. > 2.7 mm long). [5]

The lectotype specimen of Myosotis tenericaulis was selected by Lucy Moore and is lodged at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (herbarium WELT), [6] [7] with an isolectotype at the Allan Herbarium (CHR), Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research. [8] [5]

The specific epithet, tenericaulis, refers to the stem (Latin: caulis), which is soft and delicate (Latin: tener), referring to the ‘very thin and flaccid’ inflorescences of this species. [4]

Phylogeny

Myosotis tenericaulis was shown to be a part of the monophyletic southern hemisphere lineage of Myosotis in phylogenetic analyses of standard DNA sequencing markers (nuclear ribosomal DNA and chloroplast DNA regions). [9] The sole individual of M. tenericaulis that were sequenced showed that this species was sister to the sole individual of M. albiflora in the analysis of nuclear ribosomal DNA. [9] However species relationships within the southern hemisphere lineage in general were not well resolved. [9] [10]

Description

Close up of M. tenericaulis leaves SP105598 Myosotis tenericaulis Petrie WELT Te Papa 1592007 400096.jpg
Close up of M. tenericaulis leaves

Myosotis tenericaulis plants are rosettes. The rosette leaves have petioles 4–35 (or rarely up to 65) mm long. The rosette leaf blades are 4–24 mm long by 2–15 mm wide (length: width ratio 1.5–2.6: 1), usually oblanceolate to obovate or elliptic, widest at or above the middle, with an obtuse apex. Both surfaces of the leaf are sparsely to densely covered in straight, short, appressed, antrorse (forward-facing) hairs that are oriented at an angle (upper surface) or parallel (lower surface) relative to the mid vein. Sometimes the lower surface of the leaf is glabrous. Each rosette has 2–10 sprawling, creeping, prostrate, unbranched or once-branched bracteate inflorescences that are 74–410 mm long. The cauline leaves (sometimes called bracts) are very similar to the rosette leaves, but are smaller and become even smaller and sessile toward the tip of the inflorescence. The flowers are 6–14 per inflorescence and each is borne on a short pedicel and associated with a bract. The calyx is 1–2.5 mm long at flowering and 2–3 mm long at fruiting, deeply lobed to two-thirds or more of its length, and densely covered in short, straight, appressed (few patent), antrorse hairs. The corolla is white and 2–4 mm in diameter, with a cylindrical tube, petals that are narrowly to very broadly obovate, and flat, and white or yellow scales alternating with the petals. The anthers are mostly included, with the tips only reaching or surpassing the faucal scales. The four smooth, shiny, usually light to medium brown nutlets are 1.3–1.7 mm long by 0.9–1.2 mm wide and ovoid in shape. [5]

Myosotis tenericaulis has M. australis type pollen. [11] [12]

SEM image of pollen of M. tenericaulis SP002691 Myosotis tenericaulis Petrie WELT Te Papa 1161940 389710.jpg
SEM image of pollen of M. tenericaulis

The chromosome number of M. tenericaulis is unknown.

Myosotis tenericaulis flowers and fruits from October–March, with the main flowering period from December–February and the main fruiting period from January–March. [5]

Distribution and habitat

Myosotis tenericaulis is endemic to New Zealand, found on all three main islands (North, South and Stewart Islands), from sea level to 1160 m ASL elevation. [5] On the North Island it is found in the ecological district of Southern North Island only, whereas on the South Island it is known from Western Nelson, Sounds-Nelson, Westland, Otago, Southland, and Fiordland. [5]

M. tenericaulis is found in shady, wet places in grassland, shrubland or forest. [5]

Conservation status

The species is listed as At Risk - Naturally Uncommon in the most recent assessment (2017-2018) of the New Zealand Threatened Classification for plants. It also has the qualifiers "DP" (Data Poor), and "Sp" (Sparse). [5]

Related Research Articles

<i>Myosotis antarctica</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis antarctica is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, native to mainland New Zealand, Campbell Island and southern Chile. Joseph Dalton Hooker described the species in his 19th century work Flora Antarctica. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white or blue corollas. It is one of two native species of Myosotis in the New Zealand subantarctic islands, the other being M. capitata, which also has blue corollas.

<i>Myosotis chaffeyorum</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis chaffeyorum is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Carlos Lehnebach described the species in 2012. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a creeping habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis bryonoma</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis bryonoma is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Michael Thorsen described the species. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a creeping habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis retrorsa</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis retrorsa is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls described the species. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis umbrosa</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis umbrosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Michael Thorsen described the species. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis albiflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis albiflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, native to southern Chile and Argentina. This species was described by Joseph Banks and Daniel Solander in Joseph Dalton Hooker's 19th century work Flora Antarctica. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial and have white corollas. It is one of two native species of Myosotis in southern South America, the other being M. antarctica.

<i>Myosotis cheesemanii</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis cheesemanii is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Donald Petrie described the species in 1886. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with bracteate inflorescences and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis colensoi</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis colensoi is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Thomas Kirk described the species in 1896. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with bracteate inflorescences and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis glabrescens</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis glabrescens is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore described the species in 1961. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are tightly compacted, perennial mats with bracteate inflorescences and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis matthewsii</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis matthewsii is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore described the species in 1961. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with bracteate inflorescences and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis pulvinaris</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis pulvinaris or the Cushion Forget-Me-Not is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Joseph Dalton Hooker described the species in 1867. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate, compact, cushion habit, short bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis spatulata</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis spatulata is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to New Zealand. Georg Forster described the species in 1786. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with bracteate inflorescences and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis uniflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis uniflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Joseph Dalton Hooker described the species in 1867. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate, compact, cushion or mat habit, short bracteate inflorescences, and cream to yellow corollas.

<i>Myosotis lyallii <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> elderi</i> Subspecies of flowering plant endemic to New Zealand

Myosotis lyalliisubsp. elderi is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to New Zealand. Lucy Moore described Myosotis elderi in 1961, and Heidi Meudt and Jessie Prebble treated it as a subspecies of M. lyallii in 2018. Plants of this subspecies of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas with partially exserted anthers.

<i>Myosotis glauca</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis glauca is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. George Simpson and J.S. Thomson described M. pygmaea var. glauca in 1942, and Peter de Lange and John Barkla recognized it at species rank in 2010. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, white corollas, and often glaucous grey leaves.

<i>Myosotis brevis</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis brevis is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to New Zealand. George Simpson and J.S. Thomson described M. pygmaea var. minutiflora in 1942, and Peter de Lange and John Barkla recognized it at species rank in 2010, as M. brevis. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are small and annual, with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, tiny white corollas, and brown or green leaves.

<i>Myosotis hikuwai</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis hikuwai is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Geoff Rogers described M. hikuwai in 2022. Plants of this forget-me-not are spring annuals with bracteate and erect inflorescences, and small, white corollas with inserted stamens. The species is considered Threatened and known only from one population near Wānaka.

<i>Myosotis pansa <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> praeceps</i> Subspecies of flowering plant

Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore described the variety M. petiolata var. pansa in 1961, and it was transferred to a subspecies of M. pansa by Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble, Rebecca Stanley and Michael Thorsen in 2013. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with partially bracteate inflorescences and white corollas with exserted stamens.

<i>Myosotis oreophila</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis oreophila is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Donald Petrie described the species in 1896. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with ebracteate inflorescences and white corollas with stamens that are partially exserted.

<i>Myosotis forsteri</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis forsteri is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to New Zealand. Johann Georg Christian Lehmann described the species in 1818. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with ebracteate inflorescences and white corollas with stamens that are fully included or sometimes partly exserted with the tips only surpassing the scales.

References

  1. ↑ Petrie, Donald (1918). "Descriptions of new native flowering-plants". Transactions of the New Zealand Institute. 50: 207–211.
  2. ↑ "Myosotis tenericaulis". New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
  3. ↑ Moore, L.B. "Boraginaceae. In 'Flora of New Zealand'. (Ed. HH Allan) Vol. 1, pp. 806–833". (Government Printer: Wellington, New Zealand) floraseries.landcareresearch.co.nz. Retrieved 27 April 2022.
  4. 1 2 Petrie, Donald (1918). "Descriptions of new native flowering-plants". Transactions of the New Zealand Institute. 50: 207–211.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Meudt, Heidi M.; Prebble, Jessica M. (28 February 2018). "Species limits and taxonomic revision of the bracteate-prostrate group of southern hemisphere forget-me-nots (Myosotis, Boraginaceae), including description of three new species endemic to New Zealand". Australian Systematic Botany. 31 (1): 48–105. doi:10.1071/SB17045. ISSN   1446-5701. S2CID   90834744.
  6. ↑ "Myosotis tenericaulis type - sheet A". collections.tepapa.govt.nz. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
  7. ↑ "Myosotis tenericaulis type - sheet B". collections.tepapa.govt.nz. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
  8. ↑ "Myosotis tenericaulis - isolectotype". scd.landcareresearch.co.nz. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
  9. 1 2 3 Meudt, Heidi M.; Prebble, Jessica M.; Lehnebach, Carlos A. (1 May 2015). "Native New Zealand forget-me-nots (Myosotis, Boraginaceae) comprise a Pleistocene species radiation with very low genetic divergence". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 301 (5): 1455–1471. doi:10.1007/s00606-014-1166-x. ISSN   2199-6881. S2CID   254048318.
  10. ↑ Winkworth, Richard C; Grau, Jürke; Robertson, Alastair W; Lockhart, Peter J (1 August 2002). "The origins and evolution of the genus Myosotis L. (Boraginaceae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 24 (2): 180–193. doi:10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00210-5. ISSN   1055-7903. PMID   12144755.
  11. ↑ Meudt, HM (1 October 2016). "Pollen morphology and its taxonomic utility in the Southern Hemisphere bracteate-prostrate forget-me-nots (Myosotis, Boraginaceae)". New Zealand Journal of Botany. 54 (4): 475–497. doi:10.1080/0028825X.2016.1229343. ISSN   0028-825X. S2CID   89118799.
  12. ↑ "Myosotis tenericaulis". collections.tepapa.govt.nz. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.