Nadi Putra

Last updated

Nadi Putra
Foton NadiPutra D14.jpg
Parent Putrajaya Corporation (Perbadanan Putrajaya)
FoundedJuly 1999
HeadquartersPresint 9, Putrajaya, Malaysia
Service area Putrajaya
Service typeBus service
Routes Putrajaya
Hubs Putrajaya Sentral
FleetCurrent Fleet:
30 Alexander Dennis Enviro200 buses (current, under Rapid Bus operator)
Former fleets:
2008 Daewoo BV120MA Ci09 Badanbas NGV buses
16 Foton BJ6108U7LHD-R diesel buses
5 Scania NEDO EV electric buses
Fuel typeDiesel, natural gas and electric
Website nadiputra.com.my

Pengangkutan Awam Putrajaya Travel & Tours Sdn Bhd dba Nadi Putra is the city bus operator in Putrajaya, the administrative capital of Malaysia, mainly serving Putrajaya city and nearby resident areas. Originally established as an agency of Putrajaya Corporation under the Ministry of Federal Territories, it was privatised in 2018. [1]

Contents

Nadi Putra is now operated by Rapid KL, the largest city bus operator in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur.

History

Nadi Putra buses at Putrajaya Sentral. Nadi Putra buses at Putrajaya Sentral.jpg
Nadi Putra buses at Putrajaya Sentral.

Established on 20 May 1999 with 14 routes covering almost all of the areas inside Putrajaya, Nadi Putra is the trade name of Putrajaya intra-city bus services and has been in operation since July 1999. The bus service was privatised and handed over to GETS Global Berhad in 2018.

Cashless payment was implemented in January 2018, using Kad Putra; the cards were discontinued two years later in favour of QR code payment.

All Nadi Putra bus services will be free of charge for Malaysian citizens effective 1 November 2020. [2] Some new routes were also being planned at that time, under the Perikatan Nasional government. [3] However, use of the Nadi Putra app is still mandatory for contact tracing and citizenship verification.

From 1 January 2023, Perbadanan Putrajaya revamped the Nadi Putra bus routes in Putrajaya, with the operations transferred to Rapid Bus (Rapid KL's primary bus network). All routes, except the P101 route, are no longer free of charge, with payment of RM1 per journey using Touch n' Go cards.

Fleet

Badanbas-bodied Daewoo BV120MA on route L05. NadiPutra Daewoo BV120MA.jpg
Badanbas-bodied Daewoo BV120MA on route L05.

Originally, Nadi Putra's fleet consisted of several numbers of Optare Metrorider, MAN SL 252 and Hino RK1J buses, however, in 2006, it was replaced with Badanbas-bodied South Korean Daewoo BV120MA NGV buses. The fleet then expanded to 176 buses in 2009 with the additional fleet and the introduction of the shorter Daewoo BS106 buses for routes with sharper corners. Majority of this fleet has been retired in 2019 due to high maintenance cost, however 8 BV120MA's has revived to improve frequencies.

NEDO-EV supercapacitor electric buses on route L15. With a single 10-minute supercharge, this bus can run for up to 30 kilometres. NadiPutra Scania NEDO.jpg
NEDO-EV supercapacitor electric buses on route L15. With a single 10-minute supercharge, this bus can run for up to 30 kilometres.

In 2015, a collaboration between Perbadanan Putrajaya and Japan's New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) was made to aim for green public transportation by 2025, which led to the introduction of 5 prototype electric supercapacitor buses, jointly built by Scania, Deftech and Toshiba. [4] Nicknamed NEDO-EV buses, these buses can run up to 30 kilometres on a single 10-minute charge. This bus entered service in 2018, but it has been suspended in 2020 due to internal problems, and expereadinesstion to re-enter service is yetbe to determined.

Nadi Putra with the new operator, Rapid KL. RapidKL ADL200 Nadiputra.jpg
Nadi Putra with the new operator, Rapid KL.

With Rapid Bus becoming the new bus operator in Nadi Putra from January 2023, the revamped bus routes will use the Alexander Dennis Enviro200 bus fleet owned by Rapid Bus. The Foton buses were returned to Konsortium Bas Ekspres Semenanjung (KBES), while the Daewoo NGV buses were retired and abandoned.

Criticism

Abandoned buses at NadiPutra Depots due to poor maintenance, thus led to outcry for Putrajaya residents due to low frequencies. NadiPutra abandoned bus.jpg
Abandoned buses at NadiPutra Depots due to poor maintenance, thus led to outcry for Putrajaya residents due to low frequencies.

Nadi Putra's service quality has reportedly declined since privatisation in 2018. Most of the buses are poorly maintained frequencies are breaking down, causing outrage among the residents and workers in Putrajaya, Cyberjaya and Bandar Saujana Putra. [5]

Strikes broke out among Nadi Putra bus drivers in 2007 and 2018 due to shortage of buses available inforervice. [6]

The view of the driver's seat on Nadi Putra bus, showing the systems that requires QR code for payments. Daewoo BV120MA driver's seat.jpg
The view of the driver's seat on Nadi Putra bus, showing the systems that requires QR code for payments.

The implementation of cashless payment via Kad Putra instead of the more widely accepted Touch 'n Go in January 2018 led to outcry from commuters coming from outside Putrajaya, as the cards and reloading services were only available at the Putrajaya/Cyberjaya ERL station, the station being Nadi Putra's hub. The cards were abolished in January 2020, and were replaced by QR code mobile applications. [7]

Foton BJ6108U7LHD-R coach buses which replaced the NGV buses. Foton NadiPutra L02.jpg
Foton BJ6108U7LHD-R coach buses which replaced the NGV buses.

The result of poorly maintained NGV buses was that the bus was abandoned and replaced by Foton BJ6108U7LHD-R coach buses from Konsortium Bas Ekspres Semenanjung (KBES), which was unpractical for city-buses, thus led to a failure of having sustainable city buses. This also led to some of the routes being terminated, or transferred to another companies.

Services

This is the list of active Nadi Putra routes as of 1 January 2023.

Revamped Routes (P)

Revamped routes made by Perbadanan Putrajaya. RapidKL ADL200 P106.jpg
Revamped routes made by Perbadanan Putrajaya.

The new routes were revamped by Perbadanan Putrajaya, and begin operation from 1 January 2023, 6.30am to 8.00pm daily. All routes except for P101 are capped at RM1 per journey.

Nadi Putra
Bus route for the Nadiputra as of 2023 January.
Route [8] [9] ! Destination
Bus-logo-white.svg P101  Kompleks F - Kompleks ABCDE - Presint 2,3,4 - Dataran Gemilang - Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi (Presint 5)
Bus-logo-white.svg P102  Kompleks ABCDE - Presint 10 - Presint 11
Bus-logo-white.svg P103  Kompleks ABCDE - Alamanda - Presint 14 - Presint 15
Bus-logo-white.svg P104  Dataran Gemilang - Presint 6 - PICC - Presint 5
Bus-logo-white.svg P105  Dataran Gemilang - Presint 2,3,4 - Ayer@8 - Presint 8 - Kompleks ABCDE
Bus-logo-white.svg P106  Kompleks ABCDE - Alamanda - Presint 16 - Presint 17 - Presint 18 - Kementerian Belia dan Sukan (Presint 4)
Bus-logo-white.svg P108   Putrajaya Sentral - Jalan P9B - Jalan P9G - Kompleks ABCDE

Upcoming Routes

Route [10] Destination
P109 Putrajaya Sentral - Presint 2 - Wisma Putra
P110 Putrajaya Sentral - Jalan P9 - Kompleks ABCDE
P111 Putrajaya Sentral - Dataran Gemilang - Presint 5
P112 Putrajaya Sentral - Dataran Gemilang - Presint 2,3,4 - Dataran Putra - Kompleks ABCDE

Former Routes

Local routes served between residents to station terminals and cities. Nadi Putra Daewoo BV120MA bus on L04 route.jpg
Local routes served between residents to station terminals and cities.

These are the former routes from the original Nadi Putra bus operator (Pengangkutan Awam Putrajaya Travel & Tours Sdn Bhd). [11] The fare for non-citizen is RM1.50 per journey.

Local Routes (L)

All routes starts from Putrajaya Sentral.

LineRoutes
L02 Putrajaya Sentral - Presint 9 - Presint 8 - Kompleks ABCDE - Alamanda - Presint 14 - Presint 15
L03 Putrajaya Sentral - Presint 9 - Ayer@8 - Presint 2, 3 - Presint 18 - Wisma Putra
L04 Putrajaya Sentral - Presint 9 - Presint 2, 3, 4 - Dataran Gemilang - PICC - Presint 5 - Presint 6
L05 Putrajaya Sentral - Presint 9 - Presint 8 - Presint 2, 3 - Presint 18 - Presint 17 - Presint 16 - Alamanda - Kompleks ABCDE - Presint 14
L07 Putrajaya Sentral - Presint 9 - Presint 11 - Presint 10 - Kompleks ABCDE - Alamanda
L08 Putrajaya Sentral - Presint 9 - Presint 11 - Presint 10 - Presint 8 - Presint 2, 3, 4 - Dataran Gemilang
L15 Putrajaya Sentral - Dataran Gemilang - Presint 2, 3, 4 - Kompleks ABCDE

Direct routes (D)

Direct routes serve government areas directly to residential areas. Foton NadiPutra Service D10.jpg
Direct routes serve government areas directly to residential areas.

These routes usually intended for government employees staying at nearby residential areas while working at government areas, provide direct services to residential areas. Similar to BET services in Klang Valley, this service operates during rush hours, weekdays only. [12] Odd route numbers start from the starting point and operate in the morning rush hour, even route numbers start from Kompleks ABCDE or Dataran Gemilang in the evening rush hour.

RouteDestination
D03/D04Jalan P9F - Jalan P9C/1 - Jalan P8H - Jalan Presint 8 - Kompleks ABCDE
D05/D06Jalan P9F - Jalan P9C/1 - P8H (Ayer@8) - Presint 2, 3, 4 - Dataran Gemilang
D09/D10Presint 11 - Kompleks ABCDE via Persiaran Utara/Lebuh Perdana Barat
D11/D12Presint 11 - Dataran Gemilang via Lebuh Sentosa and Lebuh Wawasan
D13/D14Presint 14 - Presint 15 - Kompleks ABCDE - Presint 2, 3, 4 - Dataran Gemilang
S01+D01/D02Putrajaya Sentral - Jalan P9 (Putra Harmoni) - Kompleks ABCDE via Lebuh Perdana Barat
S02 Putrajaya Sentral - Dataran Gemilang - Presint 4,5 (Kementerian Pelancongan) via Lebuh Sentosa
Bus-logo-white.svg P102A   [13] Presint 11 - Presint 2,3,4 - Dataran Gemilang

Inactive routes

This is the list of discontinued bus routes from the original Nadi Putra bus operator due to bus shortage or low demand.

LineRoutesStatus
Bus-logo-white.svg P107   a Putrajaya Sentral - Jalan P9C/1 - Jalan P9F - Presint 2, 3, 4 - Kementerian Belia dan Sukan (Presint 4)Terminated
L10Putrajaya Sentral - Presint 5 - Presint 6 - Dataran Gemilang - Presint 4 - Presint 18 - Presint 16 - Alamanda - Kompleks ABCDE
N01 Putrajaya Sentral - Presint 9 - Presint 11 - Presint 10 - Presint 8 - Ayer@8
N02 Putrajaya Sentral - Presint 9 - Kompleks ABCDE - Alamanda - Presint 14 - Presint 15
N03 Putrajaya Sentral - Presint 9 - Presint 2, 3 - Presint 18 - Presint 16 - Presint 17
N04 Putrajaya Sentral - Presint 9 - Presint 2, 3, 4 - Presint 5 - Presint 6
N05P&R Presint 14 - Alamanda - Presint 16 - Presint 17 - Presint 18 - Presint 4 - Dataran Gemilang - Presint 5 - Presint 6
N06P&R Presint 14 - Presint 15 - Alamanda - Presint 16
N07P&R Presint 14 - Presint 15 - Alamanda - Kompleks ABCDE - Presint 10 - Presint 11
N08P&R Presint 14 - Alamanda - Kompleks ABCDE - Presint 9 - Ayer@8 - Presint 8
D07/D08Presint 9 - P9B - P9G - Kompleks ABCDE via Lebuh Perdana Barat
D15/D16Presint 5 - Kompleks ABCDE via Lebuh Sentosa and Lebuh Perdana Barat
D17/D18Presint 17 - Presint 16 - Kompleks ABCDE via Persiaran Timur and Lebuh Perdana Timur
D19/D20Presint 17 - Presint 18 - Presint 2,3,4 - Dataran Gemilang
D21/D22Desa Pinggiran Putra - Presint 5 - Dataran Gemilang - Presint 4,3,2 via Persiara Selatan
D23/D24Desa Pinggiran Putra - Kompleks ABCDE via Persiaran Timur
D25/D26 Putrajaya Sentral - P2,3,4 - Wisma Putra via Lebuh Wawasan
D27/D28Jalan P9F - Jalan P9C/1 - Jalan P8H (Ayer@8) - Presint 2,3,4 - Dataran Gemilang
D29 Putrajaya Sentral - Presint 9 - Presint 11 via Lebuh Sentosa
D30Alamanda - Kompleks ABCDE - Presint 2,3,4 - Dataran Gemilang
D31/D32Presint 18 - Kompleks ABCDE via Lebuh Perdana Selatan
D33/D34Presint 15 - Presint 14 - Kompleks ABCDE via Lebuh Perdana Timur
D35/D36Jalan P9B - Jalan P9G - Presint 2,3,4 - Dataran Gemilang
500 Putrajaya Sentral - Lebuh Pudu bus hub (via Maju Expressway)Operations transferred to KR Travel and Tours
502 Serdang KTM station - Putrajaya Sentral
520The Arc, Cyberjaya - Putrajaya Sentral Abandoned
521UiTM Dengkil - Putrajaya Sentral
T520Cyberjaya Street Mall - Lim Kok Wing University
T521 Putrajaya Sentral - Cyber Heights - Cyberia
T760 KJ37  SP31  Putra Heights LRT station - Bandar Saujana Putra
BET13 Putrajaya Sentral - Serdang KTM station Terminated
BET15 Putrajaya Sentral - Bandar Saujana Putra
IOI Serdang KTM station - IOI City Mall
IOI Kajang MRT/KTM station - IOI City Mall
School routes (terminated)

Operating hours start from 6.30am to 4.00pm [14]

Morning
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 11(1) - Putra Damai - SK Putrajaya Presint 11(1) - Putrajaya Sentral
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 11(1) - P10 - SK Putrajaya Presint 11(1) - Putrajaya Sentral
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 11(1) - Putra Damai
Afternoon
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 11(1) - P8 - P9
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 8(1) - P8 - P9
  • P&R P14 - SK Putrajaya Presint 11(2)
Fridays
  • SK Putrajaya Presint 11(2) - Masjid P11A

See also

Notes

1. ^ P107 bus route began operation on 16 January 2023 until the MRT feeder buses T510 and T511 take over this bus route in 16 March 2023. [15]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Putrajaya</span> Seat of government and administrative centre of Malaysia

Putrajaya, officially the Federal Territory of Putrajaya, is the administrative and judicial capital of Malaysia. The seat of the federal government of Malaysia was moved in 1999 from Kuala Lumpur to Putrajaya because of overcrowding and congestion in the former, while the seat of the judiciary of Malaysia was later moved to Putrajaya in 2003. Kuala Lumpur remains Malaysia's national capital city per the constitution and is still the seat of the head of state and the national legislature, as well as being the country's commercial and financial centre.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyberjaya</span> City in Selangor, Malaysia

Cyberjaya is a city with a science park as its core that forms a key part of the Multimedia Super Corridor in Malaysia. It is located in Sepang District, Selangor. Cyberjaya is adjacent to, and developed along with Putrajaya, Malaysia's government seat. This city aspires to be known as the Silicon Valley of Malaysia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kuala Lumpur Sentral station</span> Railway station

Kuala Lumpur Sentral Station is a transit-oriented development that houses the main railway station of Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia. Opened on 16 April 2001, KL Sentral replaced the old Kuala Lumpur railway station as the city's main intercity railway station. KL Sentral is the largest railway station in Malaysia, and the second largest in Southeast Asia, behind Krung Thep Aphiwat Central Terminal in Bangkok, Thailand.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sepang District</span> District of Malaysia in Selangor

The Sepang District is a district located in the southern part of the state of Selangor in Malaysia. Sepang District covers an area of around 600 square kilometres, and had a population of 190,889 in the 2010 Census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rapid KL</span> Public transportation system in Malaysia

Rapid KL is a public transportation system owned by Prasarana Malaysia and operated by its subsidiaries Rapid Rail and Rapid Bus. With its coverage throughout Kuala Lumpur and Klang Valley areas, it was followed by a federal government restructuring of public transport systems in Kuala Lumpur after the bankruptcy of STAR and PUTRA Light Rapid Transit operators, the precursors to the Ampang/Sri Petaling Lines and Kelana Jaya Line respectively. In 2003, it had inherited bus services and assets formerly operated and owned by Intrakota and Cityliner after being bailed out. Four years later, the Malaysian government had bailed out KL Infrastructure Group, the owner and operation concession holder for the Kuala Lumpur monorail, and had placed it under ownership of Prasarana.

Prasarana Malaysia Berhad (Prasarana) (English: Malaysian Infrastructure Limited) is a 100% government-owned company which was set up by Ministry of Finance (Malaysia) as a corporate body established under the Minister of Finance (Incorporation) Act 1957 to own the assets of multi-modal public transport operator in Malaysia, under the government's move to restructure the city's public transport system. It is one of the largest public-transport companies in Malaysia other than Konsortium Transnasional Berhad. As a government-owned company since 1998, it operates stage bus and light metro services via several wholly owned subsidiaries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rail transport in Malaysia</span>

Rail transport in Malaysia consists of heavy rail, light rapid transit (LRT), mass rapid transit (MRT), monorails, airport rail links and a funicular railway line. Heavy rail is mostly used for intercity services and freight transport as well as some urban public transport, while rapid transit rails are used for intracity urban public transport in the capital city of Kuala Lumpur and the surrounding Klang Valley region. There are two airport rail link systems linking Kuala Lumpur with the Kuala Lumpur International Airport and Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport. The longest monorail line in the country is also used for public transport in Kuala Lumpur, while the only funicular railway line is available in Penang.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rapid Bus</span> Malaysian bus business

Rapid Bus Sdn Bhd is the largest bus operator in Malaysia operating mainly in urban areas of Klang Valley, Penang & Kuantan. As of February 2023, Rapid KL service brands unit of Rapid Bus, has operates 113 normal routes and also 69 MRT Feeder Bus routes, along with 8 Nadiputra routes in Putrajaya.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Titiwangsa station</span> LRT, MRT and monorail interchange in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bandar Tasik Selatan station</span> Rail interchange station in Kuala Lumpur

Bandar Tasik Selatan station (BTS) is a major Malaysian interchange station located next to and named after Bandar Tasik Selatan, in Kuala Lumpur. The station serves as both a stop and an interchange for the KTM Komuter's Seremban Line, KTM ETS, the LRT Sri Petaling Line, and the Express Rail Link's KLIA Transit trains. BTS is integrated with the Terminal Bersepadu Selatan bus hub (TBS). BTS and TBS are developed as an intermodal transportation hub.

Transport in Greater Kuala Lumpur includes a road network, a railway network, airports, and other modes of public transport. The Klang Valley is an urban conglomeration consisting of the city of Kuala Lumpur, as well as surrounding towns and cities in the state of Selangor. The Klang Valley has the country's largest airport, the Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA), as well as the country's largest intermodal transport hub and railway station, Kuala Lumpur Sentral.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Putrajaya Sentral</span>

Rapid Rail Sdn Bhd is the operator of the rapid transit (metro) system serving Kuala Lumpur and the Klang Valley area in Malaysia. A subsidiary of Prasarana Malaysia, it is the sole operator of five rapid transit lines which collectively form the Rapid KL rapid transit system. The system currently consists of three light rapid transit (LRT) lines, two mass rapid transit (MRT) lines and a monorail line, with another MRT and LRT line currently under construction.

Konsortium Transnasional Berhad (KTB) (MYX: 4847) is one of the largest public bus operator in Malaysia. The company provides services of stage buses and express buses covering all major cities and towns in Peninsular Malaysia as well as routes to Singapore. KTB debut on Bursa Malaysia on 15 June 2007.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Putrajaya Corporation</span>

Perbadanan Putrajaya (PPj) or Putrajaya Corporation (PjC) is a local authority that administers the Federal Territory of Putrajaya and is under the Federal Territories Ministry of Malaysia. Founded in 1995, the corporation is responsible for public health and sanitation, waste removal and management, capital planning, environmental protection and building control, social and economic development, and the general maintenance functions of the urban infrastructure of Putrajaya. The main headquarters of the PPj is located at Precinct 3, Persiaran Perdana, Putrajaya.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mass Rapid Transit Corporation (Malaysia)</span>

Mass Rapid Transit CorporationSdn Bhd is a Malaysian state-owned company and a corporate body established under the Ministry of Finance (Incorporation) Act 1957. MRT Corp is fully owned by the Minister of Finance (Incorporated).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Go KL City Bus</span>

Go KL City Bus is a free bus service in the city centre of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Previously managed by Land Public Transport Commission (SPAD), the services were taken over by Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL) by 1 January 2019.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Taman Putra Perdana</span> Place in Selangor, Malaysia

Taman Putra Perdana is a township in Dengkil sub-district, Sepang District, Selangor, Malaysia. Although the township's postcode is 47100 / 47120 / 47130, which gives it Puchong postal address, it is actually in the Sepang constituency of Selangor, administered by the Sepang Municipal Council (MPSepang). The township was developed by Kenshine Corporation in 1997.

References

  1. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20170428142311/http://portal.ppj.gov.my/c/journal/view_article_content?groupId=10124&articleId=44858&version=9.8. Archived from the original on 28 April 2017. Retrieved 7 March 2023.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  2. ↑ "Perkhidmatan Bas Putra NEDO EV di Putrajaya secara percuma untuk warga Malaysia mulai 1 November 2020 - paultan.org". Paul Tan's Automotive News. 27 October 2020. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
  3. ↑ "KEMUDAHAN BAS TAMBANG PERCUMA PUTRAJAYA" (PDF). www.jwp.gov.my (in Malay). Retrieved 7 March 2023.
  4. ↑ "Putra NEDO EV bus revealed – Malaysia's first rapid charge electric bus goes into operation in Putrajaya - paultan.org". Paul Tan's Automotive News. 5 December 2017. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
  5. ↑ "Bas awam Putrajaya tersadai, 'merangkak'". Berita Harian. Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  6. ↑ "ISU BAS NADI PUTRA TIDAK BOLEH BERULANG LAGI". Careta.my. 17 August 2018. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  7. ↑ "Makluman". Facebook . Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  8. ↑ "Makluman Perkhidmatan Bas Nadiputra". Perbadanan Putrajaya . Retrieved 27 December 2022.
  9. ↑ "Perbadanan Putrajaya". Facebook . Retrieved 27 December 2022.
  10. ↑ "Taklimat Tender Teknikel Perkhidmatan Bas 2022".
  11. ↑ "Perkhidmatan bas laluan dalam Putrajaya". Nadiputra Travel & Tours. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
  12. ↑ "Perkhidmatan Bas Laluan Terus". Nadiputra Travel & Tours. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
  13. ↑ "Perbadanan Putrajaya". Facebook . Retrieved 10 February 2023.
  14. ↑ "PENGANGKUTAN AWAM PUTRAJAYA SDN BHD". 20 July 2017. Archived from the original on 20 July 2017. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
  15. ↑ "Perbadanan Putrajaya". Facebook . Retrieved 13 January 2023.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.