Putrajaya Prang Besar | |
---|---|
Federal Territory of Putrajaya Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya | |
Other transcription(s) | |
• Jawi | ڤوتراجاي |
• Chinese | 布城(Simplified) 布城(Traditional) Bùchéng(Hanyu Pinyin) |
• Tamil | புத்ராஜெயா Putrājāyā(Transliteration) |
Motto(s): "Bandar raya Taman, Bandar raya Bestari" ("Garden City, Intelligent City") | |
Coordinates: 02°55′48″N101°41′24″E / 2.93000°N 101.69000°E | |
Country | Malaysia |
First settled | c. 1921 |
Planned city established | 19 October 1995 |
Transferred from Selangor to federal jurisdiction | 1 February 2001 |
Government | |
• Type | Direct federal administration |
• Administered by | Putrajaya Corporation |
• President | Dato' Fadlun bin Mak Ujud |
Area | |
• Total | 49 km2 (19 sq mi) |
Population (Q1 2024) [2] | |
• Total | 119,700 |
• Density | 2,400/km2 (6,300/sq mi) |
Human Development Index | |
• HDI (2022) [3] | 0.886 (very high) (2nd) |
Time zone | UTC+8 (MST) |
Postcode | 62xxx |
Calling code | +603-88 |
ISO 3166 code | MY-16 |
Mean solar time | UTC+06:46:40 |
Vehicle registration | F and Putrajaya |
Rapid Transit | |
Website | www |
Putrajaya (Malay pronunciation: [putraˈdʒaja,putrəˈdʒajə] ), officially the Federal Territory of Putrajaya (Malay : Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya; Jawi: ولايه ڤرسکوتوان ڤوتراجاي), is the administrative centre of Malaysia. [4] The seat of the federal government of Malaysia was moved in 1999 from Kuala Lumpur to Putrajaya because of overcrowding and congestion, [5] whilst the seat of the judiciary of Malaysia was later moved to Putrajaya in 2003. [6] Kuala Lumpur remains as Malaysia's national capital city per the constitution and is still the seat of the head of state (Yang di-Pertuan Agong) and the national legislature (Parliament of Malaysia), as well as being the country's commercial and financial centre.
The establishment of Putrajaya was the idea of Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad. First thought of in the 1990s, Putrajaya was envisioned to be “a laboratory for a new form of electronic government" that would emphasize new adoption of, investment in internet, media, and digital communications. [7] The development of Putrajaya began in August 1995 and was completed at an estimated cost of US$8.1 billion. [8] On 1 February 2001, Putrajaya became Malaysia's third federal territory, after Kuala Lumpur in 1974 and Labuan in 1984. [8] Putrajaya is also a part of MSC Malaysia, a special economic zone that covers Klang Valley.
Putrajaya was named after the first Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj. The name is derived from the Sanskrit language, which was then adopted into Malay; "putra" (पुत्र) means son and "jaya" (जया) means "success" or "victory"; hence Putrajaya means victorious men or people. [9] The name was decided in late 1994. [10]
Prang Besar (Jawi: ڤراڠ بسر, alternately Perang Besar (Malay for "Great War"), was founded in 1921 on land that was jungle, as a rubber plantation by British veterans of World War I, hence its name. [11] Its land area of 800 acres (3.2 km2) expanded to 8,000 acres (32 km2), and was merged with surrounding estates, including Estet Raja Alang, Estet Galloway and Estet Bukit Prang.
Until 1975, what is today Putrajaya, along with adjacent Cyberjaya, was under the administration of Hulu Langat District.
The vision of a new Federal Government Administrative Centre to replace Kuala Lumpur as the administrative capital emerged in the late 1980s, during the tenure of Malaysia's fourth prime minister, Mahathir bin Mohamad. A new city adjacent to Kuala Lumpur was envisioned, where the government would systematically locate its government offices within an efficient administrative hub; as opposed having government offices scattered across the congested Kuala Lumpur. [8] The new city was proposed to be located between Kuala Lumpur and the new Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA). Two areas were proposed: Prang Besar and Janda Baik of Pahang. [12] The new name Putrajaya was chosen for the site.
The federal government negotiated with the state of Selangor on the prospect of another federal territory. In the mid-1990s, the federal government paid a substantial amount of money to Selangor for approximately 11,320 acres (45.8 km2) of land in Prang Besar, Selangor. As a result of this land purchase, Selangor now surrounds two federal territories: Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya.
Planned as a garden city and an intelligent city, 38% of the area is green spaces in which the natural landscape is enhanced. [14] The plan incorporated a network of open spaces and wide boulevards. Construction began in August 1995; it was Malaysia's biggest project and one of Southeast Asia's largest, with an estimated final cost of US$8.1 billion. The entire project was designed and constructed by Malaysian companies, with only 10% imported materials. [14]
The 1997 Asian financial crisis somewhat slowed the development of Putrajaya. 300 members of the Prime Minister's office staff moved there in 1999, and the remaining government servants moved in 2005. On 1 February 2001, the city was formally transferred to the federal government and declared Malaysia's third federal territory. [15]
In 2002, a rail line called KLIA Transit was opened, linking Putrajaya to KLIA in Sepang. The construction of the Putrajaya Monorail, which was intended to be the city's metro system, was suspended owing to high costs. One of the monorail suspension bridges in Putrajaya remains unused.
In April 2013, the Putrajaya government signed a letter of intent (LOI) with the government of Sejong City in South Korea to mark co-operation between the two cities. [16] [17]
Government ministries and bodies remaining in Kuala Lumpur include the Ministry of Investment, Trade and Industry (MITI), [18] Ministry of Defence (MINDEF) [19] and Ministry of Works (KKR), as well as Bank Negara Malaysia, Royal Malaysian Police and Malayan Railways. The Parliament of Malaysia also remained in Kuala Lumpur, as well as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King) of Malaysia. Foreign embassies and missions except Brunei still remain in Kuala Lumpur.
The local government in Putrajaya is the responsibility of the Putrajaya Corporation (Perbadanan Putrajaya), a unique local authority. Previously it was administered by the Sepang District Council.
Putrajaya is represented in the Parliament of Malaysia by one elected MP in the Dewan Rakyat, under the seat of Putrajaya, as well as one appointed senator in the Dewan Negara.
As with the other federal territories of Malaysia, Putrajaya does not have a territorial legislature.
Parliament | Seat Name | Member of Parliament | Party |
---|---|---|---|
P125 | Putrajaya | Mohd Radzi Md Jidin | PN ( BERSATU ) |
Year | Pop. | ±% | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
2010 | 68,361 | — | ||
2015 | 88,300 | +29.2% | ||
2020 | 109,202 | +23.7% | ||
| ||||
Source: [20] |
In 2007 the population of Putrajaya was estimated to be over 30,000, which comprised mainly government servants. Government public servants have been encouraged to relocate to the city through various government subsidy and loan programs. The population had increased to 88,300 by 2015. [21] As of Q1 2024, the population of Putrajaya is estimated to be 119,700.
As of 2020 [update] , the population of Putrajaya is 97.2% Muslim, 1.1% Hindu, 0.8% Christian, 0.5% Buddhist, 0.4% unknown and 0.1% other religions.
Most of the infrastructure in Putrajaya uses Middle Eastern architectural designs, which symbolises Malaysian Islamic Identity. [22]
Kindergarten and Pre-School
Primary & Secondary Education in Putrajaya is provided by a few schools such as:
There are also two elite fully residential schools in Putrajaya:
Other universities:
International Schools
Putrajaya is surrounded by federal highways 29 on the western side and 30 on the eastern side. The South Klang Valley Expressway E26, connecting Pulau Indah to Kajang, runs through the northern end of Putrajaya. ELITE E6 exit 607 serves Putrajaya and also nearby Cyberjaya. Highway 29 interchanges with Damansara–Puchong Expressway (LDP) E11 in the northwestern corner of Putrajaya, linking the city with Puchong, Subang Jaya, Kelana Jaya and to Kepong.
Within Putrajaya, the following roads serve as the main thoroughfares of the city.
Putrajaya is served by two urban rail lines: the 7 KLIA Transit line and the 12 Putrajaya Line through the KT3 PY41 Putrajaya Sentral transportation hub on the western border of Putrajaya. The MRT Putrajaya Line is Malaysia's fifth metro line, and the longest in the Rapid Rail network, with Putrajaya Sentral being the southern most station in the network. The KLIA Transit is one of Malaysia's two operational airport rail links, connecting KL Sentral in Kuala Lumpur to its international airport, calling at 3 stations in between including Putrajaya. [25] [26]
The national rail network Keretapi Tanah Melayu (KTM) does not serve Putrajaya. The cancelled HSR Kuala Lumpur–Singapore High Speed Rail was meant to serve Putrajaya with a station at Kampung Dato Abu Bakar Baginda, about halfway between Precinct 14 and Bandar Baru Bangi.
Around 2003, plans for a monorail in Putrajaya were underway but were halted due to low population. Plans to revive the construction of the 14 Putrajaya Monorail, with proposed connections to Kajang, Bandar Baru Bangi and Cyberjaya, have not yet materialised.
Putrajaya Corporation provides its own stage bus services through its subsidiary Nadi Putra using natural gas-powered buses and a few electric buses. The bus service serves the entirety of Putrajaya as well as Cyberjaya and provides express bus routes to Kuala Lumpur through Puduraya and a few other nearby cities from its hubs at Putrajaya Sentral, and P&R Presint 14. [27] Bus stops in Putrajaya are very common too and serves Nadi Putra. Rapid KL, Causeway Link and Cityliner also provides bus services to other areas from Putrajaya Sentral such as Banting, Puchong, Bandar Utama and Petaling Jaya.
Intercity buses also serve bus routes from Putrajaya Sentral to the northern states.
Putrajaya is twinned with these cities:
Putrajaya has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy rainfall year-round and high temperatures throughout the year. Typical cities, towns, and other geographical regions with this climate, Putrajaya does not have a true dry season. The average temperature in Putrajaya is 27.1 °C, which is measured at approximately 80.8 °F. Over the course of a yearly period, the rainfall averages 2307 mm in Putrajaya, which is approximately 90.8 inches. [30]
Climate data for Putrajaya | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.1 (88.0) | 31.9 (89.4) | 32.4 (90.3) | 32.2 (90.0) | 32.0 (89.6) | 31.7 (89.1) | 31.4 (88.5) | 31.3 (88.3) | 31.3 (88.3) | 31.2 (88.2) | 31.1 (88.0) | 31.0 (87.8) | 31.6 (88.8) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.5 (79.7) | 27.1 (80.8) | 27.4 (81.3) | 27.6 (81.7) | 27.7 (81.9) | 27.4 (81.3) | 27.0 (80.6) | 27.0 (80.6) | 26.9 (80.4) | 26.9 (80.4) | 26.9 (80.4) | 26.7 (80.1) | 27.1 (80.8) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.0 (71.6) | 22.3 (72.1) | 22.5 (72.5) | 23.1 (73.6) | 23.4 (74.1) | 23.1 (73.6) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.8 (73.0) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.7 (72.9) | 22.8 (73.0) | 22.4 (72.3) | 22.7 (72.8) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 168 (6.6) | 150 (5.9) | 227 (8.9) | 250 (9.8) | 188 (7.4) | 118 (4.6) | 121 (4.8) | 154 (6.1) | 176 (6.9) | 254 (10.0) | 268 (10.6) | 233 (9.2) | 2,307 (90.8) |
Source: Climate-Data.org [31] |
Kajang is a town in Hulu Langat District, Selangor, Malaysia, located southeast of Kuala Lumpur. Kajang, along with much of Hulu Langat District, is governed by the Kajang Municipal Council. Kajang town is located on the eastern banks of the Langat River. It is surrounded by Cheras, Semenyih, Bangi, Putrajaya and Serdang.
Cyberjaya is a city with a science park as its core that forms a key part of the Multimedia Super Corridor in Malaysia. It is located in Sepang District, Selangor. Cyberjaya is adjacent to and developed along with Putrajaya, Malaysia's government seat. This city aspires to be known as the Silicon Valley of Malaysia.
Kuala Lumpur Sentral Station is a transit-oriented development that houses the main railway station of Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia. Opened on 16 April 2001, KL Sentral replaced the old Kuala Lumpur railway station as the city's main inter-city railway station. KL Sentral is the largest railway station in Malaysia, and also in Southeast Asia from 2001 to 2021, before Krung Thep Aphiwat Central Terminal in Bangkok, Thailand was completed.
Tun Hussein bin Dato' Onn was a Malaysian lawyer and politician who served as the third Prime Minister of Malaysia from the death of his predecessor Abdul Razak Hussein in 1976 to his retirement in 1981. Moreover, he was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Sri Gading from 1974 to 1981, representing Barisan Nasional (BN) and United Malays National Organisation (UMNO). He was granted the soubriquet Father of Unity.
The Sepang District is a district located in the southern part of the state of Selangor in Malaysia. Sepang District covers an area of around 600 square kilometers, and had an estimated population of 338,600 in 2023.
Seri Kembangan, also known as Serdang, formerly known as Serdang New Village, is a town located in Petaling District, Selangor, Malaysia. It is located in between Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya. The town is now a considerable city in size. It is located near the northern end of the PLUS Expressway Southern Route North–South Expressway Southern Route.
Rapid KL is a public transportation system owned by Prasarana Malaysia and operated by its subsidiaries Rapid Rail and Rapid Bus. The acronym stands for Rangkaian Pengangkutan Integrasi Deras Kuala Lumpur, which translates to Kuala Lumpur Rapid Integrated Transport Network in the Malay language. Rapid KL, with its 204.1 km (126.8 mi) of metro railway and 5.6 km (3.5 mi) of BRT carriageway, is part of the Klang Valley Integrated Transit System, operating throughout Kuala Lumpur and Selangor's satellite cities in the Klang Valley area.
Putrajaya–Cyberjaya Expressway, Federal Route 29, is a major expressway in Klang Valley, Malaysia. The 21.2 km (13.2 mi) expressway connects Serdang interchange on Damansara–Puchong Expressway to Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) in Sepang. It was named after the two sides of the MSC cities, Putrajaya and Cyberjaya.
Puchong is a major town and a parliamentary constituency in the Petaling District, Selangor, Malaysia.
Bandar Sri Damansara is a residential township in Petaling District, Selangor, Malaysia. The township is divided into two sections, SD1-SD5 in the north and SD7-SD15 in the south which are separated by Kuala Selangor-Kepong Highway. It is adjacent to Kepong and Sungai Buloh. The township consists of mixed development of commercial and residential properties. It was previously developed by Land and General Berhad and currently by TA Global.
Transport in Greater Kuala Lumpur includes a road network, a railway network, airports, and other modes of public transport. Greater Kuala Lumpur is conterminous with the Klang Valley, an urban conglomeration consisting of the city of Kuala Lumpur, as well as surrounding towns and cities in the state of Selangor. The Klang Valley has the country's largest airport, the Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA), as well as the country's largest intermodal transport hub and railway station, Kuala Lumpur Sentral.
Putrajaya Sentral is a bus hub and a train station in Presint 7, Putrajaya, Malaysia. It is served by the MRT Putrajaya Line, as well as the ERL KLIA Transit Line under the name Putrajaya & Cyberjaya.
The Putrajaya Monorail is an incomplete monorail system in Putrajaya, Malaysia. Construction has been stalled since 2004, and while revivals have been proposed periodically, as of 2023 there are no plans to revive the project.
Bandar Saujana Putra is a township in Kuala Langat District, Selangor, Malaysia.
Perbadanan Putrajaya (PPj) or Putrajaya Corporation (PjC) is a local authority that administers the Federal Territory of Putrajaya and is under the Department of Federal Territories of Malaysia. Founded in 1995, the corporation is responsible for public health and sanitation, waste removal and management, capital planning, environmental protection and building control, social and economic development, and the general maintenance functions of the urban infrastructure of Putrajaya. The main headquarters of the PPj is located at Precinct 3, Persiaran Perdana, Putrajaya.
Pulau Meranti is a village in Sepang District, Selangor, Malaysia.
Bandar Putra Permai is a rapidly developing new town in Seri Kembangan, Petaling District, Selangor, Malaysia. It encompasses areas from Taman Desaminium, Taman Equine, Taman Dato' Demang, Taman Suria Tropika, Taman Lestari Permai, Taman Prima Tropika, Alam Sanctuary, Taman Lestari Perdana, Pinggiran Putra, Pusat Bandar Putra Permai, Kota Perdana, Puncak Jalil and Taman Lestari Putra. Bandar Putra Permai is located near Seri Kembangan, Putrajaya and Puchong. Most of the residents are originally of Chinese descent, but an increasing number of Malays live there.
Pengangkutan Awam Putrajaya Travel & Tours Sdn Bhd dba Nadi Putra is the city bus operator in Putrajaya, the administrative capital of Malaysia, mainly serving Putrajaya city and nearby resident areas. Originally established as an agency of Putrajaya Corporation under the Ministry of Federal Territories, it was privatised in 2018.
Taman Putra Perdana is a township in Dengkil sub-district, Sepang District, Selangor, Malaysia. Although the township's postcode is 47100 / 47120 / 47130, which gives it Puchong postal address, it is actually in the Sepang constituency of Selangor, administered by the Sepang Municipal Council (MPSepang). The township was developed by Kenshine Corporation in 1997.
The following is an alphabetical list of articles related to Selangor.