Native name: (Pulau Bunguran) | |
---|---|
Geography | |
Location | South China Sea |
Coordinates | 03°54′59.74″N108°12′7.34″E / 3.9165944°N 108.2020389°E [1] |
Archipelago | Bunguran Islands |
Area | 1,633 [1] km2 (631 sq mi) |
Length | 58 km (36 mi) |
Coastline | 359 km (223.1 mi) [1] |
Highest elevation | 835 m (2740 ft) [1] |
Administration | |
Province | Riau Islands |
Regency | Natuna Islands |
Largest town | Ranai |
Demographics | |
Population | 58,820 (2023) |
Pop. density | 36/km2 (93/sq mi) |
Ethnic groups | Malays |
Bunguran Island (Indonesian : Pulau Bunguran) or just Bunguran is the main island of the Middle Natuna Archipelago, which is part of the Riau Islands Province in Indonesia. It is also called Great Natuna Island (Pulau Natuna Besar).
The area of Bunguran is 1,633 km2 (631 sq mi) with a coastline of 359 km (223 mi). [1] The highest point is Mount Ranai at 1,035 metres (3,396 ft). The island had a population of 58,820 inhabitants according to the official estimate for mid 2023. The principal settlement is Ranai. The island can be reached by scheduled air services via Ranai Airport.
The island is home to three species of non-human primates: the slow loris ( Nycticebus coucang ), the long-tailed macaque ( Macaca fascicularis ), and the endemic animal on Bunguran Island which is threatened with extinction is the Natuna Island surili (a.k.a. Natuna pale-thighed surili, Presbytis natunae ). [2] [3] Two subspecies of mouse deer are also endemic to Bunguran Island, namely the greater mouse-deer ( Tragulus napu bunguranensis ) and the lesser mouse-deer ( Tragulus kanchil everetti ). [4] A small number of wild goats live on the island as well as sea birds. Over 360 species of bird have been recorded on the island. [5]
There is a large mosque in the north-east corner of the island. The Grand Mosque of Natuna was built over two years from 2007 to 2009. [6]
On December 18, 2018, Indonesian Armed Forces opened a naval military base with over 1,000 personnels on Bunguran Island. [7]
Bunguran has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy rainfall year-round.
Climate data for Natuna Besar | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 25 (77) | 25 (77) | 26 (79) | 25 (77) | 26 (79) | 23 (73) | 25 (77) | 25 (77) | 26 (79) | 25 (77) | 25 (77) | 23 (73) | 25 (77) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 21 (70) | 21 (70) | 22 (72) | 22 (72) | 23 (73) | 22 (72) | 22 (72) | 21 (70) | 22 (72) | 22 (72) | 21 (70) | 21 (70) | 22 (71) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 215 (8.5) | 316 (12.4) | 21 (0.8) | 107 (4.2) | 112 (4.4) | 196 (7.7) | 212 (8.3) | 162 (6.4) | 138 (5.4) | 172 (6.8) | 218 (8.6) | 526 (20.7) | 2,394 (94.3) |
Source: [8] |
Natuna Regency is an islands regency located in the northernmost part of the Province of Riau Islands, Indonesia. It contains at least 154 islands, of which 127 of them are reported as uninhabited. This archipelago, with a land area of 1,978.49 km2 out of a total area of 264,198.37 km2 area, This area is divided into island clusters such as the Natuna Island Cluster and the Serasan Island Cluster. However, several other islands that are not located in the two clusters are spread over a wider area. This division reflects the geographical and administrative location of the district, but there are also other small islands that are outside these two main clusters and are not always included in the grouping. Administratively, this area is divided into 17 districts (kecamatan) which function to facilitate management and services for the local community and support the development of the potential of the region which is rich in natural resources and tourism. This regency also plays an important role in maintaining Indonesia's sovereignty in the northern border area.
The Bunguran Islands are an archipelago in Riau Islands province, Indonesia, located in the Natuna Sea, the southern portion of the South China Sea. The archipelago forms the central part of the Natuna Regency, an archipelago of 272 islands in total, which is in turn included in the Tudjuh Archipelago, off the northwest coast of Borneo. The largest island of the archipelago is Bunguran or Pulau Natuna Besar, situated in the Middle Natuna Archipelago. The group covers a land area of 1,698.6 km2 and had a population of 52,013 at the 2010 Census. It is divided into nine districts (kecamatan) – seven of which are tabulated below from north to south with their areas and 2010 Census populations, plus the number of administrative villages within that district and the postcode:
Great Aceh Regency is a regency of the Indonesian province of Aceh. The regency covers an area of 2,903.49 square kilometres and had a population of 351,418 at the 2010 Census, 391,870 at the 2015 census and 405,535 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 435,298. The Regency is located at the northwest tip of Sumatra island and surrounds the provincial capital of Banda Aceh, many suburbs of which lie within the Regency. It also includes a number of islands off the northern tip of Sumatra, which comprise Pulo Aceh District within the regency. The seat of the Regency government is the town of Jantho.
Ragunan Zoological Park, formerly and still commonly known as Ragunan Zoo, is a zoo located in the eponymous kelurahan (subdistrict) in Pasar Minggu, South Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia. The zoo has an area of 140-hectare (350-acre) and the largest park in Jakarta. The zoo has an aviary and a primate centre, and employs over 450 people. Many of the animals in the zoo are endangered and threatened from all parts of Indonesia and the rest of the world. There are a total of 2,288 animals inside the zoo. Laid out in a lush tropical habitat, rare animals such as crocodile, chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan, tapir, anoa, sumatran tiger, babirusa, and peacocks are given ample room. The zoo is located in South Jakarta and is easily accessible through the Jakarta Outer Ring Road and TransJakarta Corridor 6 bus.
The silvery pigeon, also known as silvery wood-pigeon or grey wood-pigeon, is a species of pigeon found in Indonesia and Malaysia. It was thought to be extinct but wild populations rediscovered in 2008 near Masokut Island of the Mentawai archipelago might represent this species, and photographs from Simeulue confirm its existence there.
The Philippine mouse-deer, also known as the Balabac chevrotain or pilandok, is a small, nocturnal ruminant, which is endemic to Balabac and nearby smaller islands southwest of Palawan in the Philippines. The genus Tragulus means 'little goat' and the Philippine mouse-deer has been named so due to the horizontal pupils of the eyes. This position of the pupil allows for an increase in peripheral depth perception. It has traditionally been considered a subspecies of the greater mouse-deer. In 2004, though, T. nigricans was separated from T. napu as its own species due to differences in skull morphology. Contrary to its common name, the Philippine mouse-deer does not belong to the true deer family (Cervidae), but is rather more closely connected to antelope and antelope-like bovids; it is a member of the chevrotain family, a grouping of some of the world's smallest hoofed mammals.
The white-thighed surili is a species of primate from the family of old world monkeys (Cercopithecidae). This species lives arboreal amongst the sub-montane forests. It is endemic to the Thai-Malay Peninsula, the Riau Archipelago and Sumatra. In addition, the white-thighed surili contain four subspecies: siamensis (nominate), cana, paenulata and rhionis, are recognized here. Furthermore, they are characterized by the white patches located on the outside of their legs, which is what gives them their name. Additionally, they can be referred to as pale-thighed langur/surili. These primates are an important species for the diversity of forest environments in the Malaysian area.
The Java mouse-deer is a species of even-toed ungulate in the family Tragulidae. When it reaches maturity it is about the size of a rabbit, making it the smallest living ungulate. It is found in forests in Java and perhaps Bali, although sightings there have not been verified.
The greater mouse-deer, greater Malay chevrotain, or napu is a species of even-toed ungulate in the family Tragulidae found in Sumatra, Borneo, and smaller Malaysian and Indonesian islands, and in southern Myanmar, southern Thailand, and peninsular Malaysia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical, moist, lowland forest.
South Natuna is an archipelago off the west coast of the island of Borneo, the southernmost group of the Natuna Islands in the South China Sea. Geographically it is part of the Tudjuh Archipelago, and administratively part of the Riau Islands Province of Indonesia.
Moyo is an island off the north coast of Sumbawa Island, in Sumbawa Regency, West Nusa Tenggara province, Indonesia.
The lesser mouse-deer, lesser Malay chevrotain, or kanchil is a species of even-toed ungulate in the family Tragulidae.
The Natuna Island surili is a species of primate in the family Cercopithecidae.
Cnemaspis mumpuniae is a species of gecko from Pulau Natuna Besar, Indonesia.
Cnemaspis sundainsula is a species of gecko from Pulau Natuna Besar, Indonesia.
Ranai Kota is the administrative capital of the Natuna Regency archipelago in the Riau Islands, Indonesia. It has one airport and can be reached by boat. It is located on Bunguran Island, in East Bunguran District, which had a population of 29,080 in mid 2023, of whom 8,735 lived in Ranai Kota.
Cyrtodactylus hikidai is a species of gecko, a lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is endemic to the island of Natuna Besar in Indonesia.
Rosichonariefi's bent-toed gecko is a species of lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is endemic to the island of Natuna Besar in Indonesia.
On 6 March 2023, a series of landslides were triggered by continuous rain in Serasan Island of Serasan District, Natuna Regency, Riau Islands, Indonesia. Around 50 people were killed and four others are still missing while contact to the Serasan Island was entirely lost. An entire village was reportedly buried.