Navarre (Senate constituency)

For the Congress of Deputies constituency, see Navarre (Congress of Deputies constituency).

Navarre
Senate of Spain Electoral constituency
Location of Navarre within Spain
Province	Navarre
Autonomous community	Navarre
Population	678,338 (2024) [1]
Electorate	519,918 (2023)
Current constituency
Created	1977
Seats	4
Member(s)	PSOE (3)   UPN (1)

Navarre is one of the 59 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Senate of Spain, the upper chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency elects four senators. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Navarre. The electoral system uses an open list partial block voting, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. Electors can vote for up to three candidates.

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Senate of Spain, ^[2] with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978. ^[3] Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales. ^[4]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights. ^[5] The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights. ^{[6] [7]} Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish : Voto rogado), ^{[8] [9]} which was abolished in 2022. ^[10] 208 seats are elected using an open list partial block voting system, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. In constituencies electing four seats, electors can vote for up to three candidates; in those with two or three seats, for up to two candidates; and for one candidate in single-member districts. Each of the 47 peninsular provinces is allocated four seats, whereas for insular provinces, such as the Balearic and Canary Islands, districts are the islands themselves, with the larger—Mallorca, Gran Canaria and Tenerife—being allocated three seats each, and the smaller—Menorca, Ibiza–Formentera, Fuerteventura, La Gomera and El Hierro (which comprised a single constituency only for the 1977 election), Lanzarote and La Palma—one each. Ceuta and Melilla elect two seats each. ^{[2] [3] [11] [12]} Until 1985, the law also provided for by-elections to fill Senate seats vacated up to two years into the legislature. ^[13]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies. ^{[14] [15]}

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Senate of Spain, ^[2] with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978. ^[3] Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales. ^[16]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights. ^[17] The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights. ^{[18] [7]} Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish : Voto rogado), ^{[19] [20]} which was abolished in 2022. ^[21] 208 seats are elected using an open list partial block voting system, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. In constituencies electing four seats, electors can vote for up to three candidates; in those with two or three seats, for up to two candidates; and for one candidate in single-member districts. Each of the 47 peninsular provinces is allocated four seats, whereas for insular provinces, such as the Balearic and Canary Islands, districts are the islands themselves, with the larger—Mallorca, Gran Canaria and Tenerife—being allocated three seats each, and the smaller—Menorca, Ibiza–Formentera, Fuerteventura, La Gomera and El Hierro (which comprised a single constituency only for the 1977 election), Lanzarote and La Palma—one each. Ceuta and Melilla elect two seats each. ^{[2] [3] [22] [23]} Until 1985, the law also provided for by-elections to fill Senate seats vacated up to two years into the legislature. ^[24]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies. ^{[25] [26]}

Senators

Senators for Navarre 1977–
Key to parties    Aldaketa    U.Podemos    PSOE    FA    UCD    NA+    UPN    UPN–PP    CP–UPN    UPN–AP
Legislature	Election	Distribution
Constituent	1977	1 3
1st	1979	1 3
2nd	1982	3 1
3rd	1986	3 1
4th	1989	1 3
5th	1993	1 3
6th	1996	1 3
7th	2000	1 3
8th	2004	1 3
9th	2008	1 3
10th	2011	1 3
11th	2015	1 3
12th	2016	1 3
13th	2019 (Apr)	1 3
14th	2019 (Nov)	1 3
15th	2023	3 1

Elections

2023 general election

Summary of the 23 July 2023 Senate of Spain election results

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Javier Remírez Apesteguía		PSN-PSOE	91,357	27.77
Y Nuria Medina Santos		PSN-PSOE	87,105	26.47
Y Antonio Magdaleno Alegria		PSN-PSOE	81,638	24.81
Y María Mar Caballero Martínez		UPN	64,652	19.65
• Koldo Leoz Garciandia		EH Bildu	63,829	19.40
• Mercedes Añon Monton		UPN	61,145	18.58
• Amelia Salanueva Murguialday		PP	59,611	18.12
• Mario Fabo Calero		UPN	58,734	17.85
• Amets Inda Gorriaran		EH Bildu	57,469	17.46
• Ruth Goñi Sarries		PP	56,540	17.18
• David González Jiménez		PP	55,302	16.81
• Joseba Xabier Otondo Bikondoa		EH Bildu	55,237	16.79
• Miren Edurne Eguino Sasiain		Sumar	41,390	12.58
• Eva María González Fernández		Sumar	32,112	9.76
• Gaxan Sad Irisarri		Sumar	28,202	8.57
• Silvia Camaces Murillo		GBai	14,902	4.52
• Ana Luján Martínez		GBai	11,235	3.41
• Joseba Orduña Navarro		GBai	10,145	3.08
• Lydia Jaso Irisarri		PACMA	4,133	1.25
• José Antonio Aparicio Martín		PUM+J	2,223	0.67
• Juan Nogueira López		PCTE	1,322	0.40
• Patricio Miró Heredia		Recortes Cero	1,149	0.34
Blank ballots			5,751	1.74
Total			945183
Valid votes			328,963	97.79
Invalid votes			7,407	2.20
Votes cast / turnout			336,370	69.53
Abstentions			147,343	30.46
Registered voters			483713
Sources [27]

November 2019 general election

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Senate of Spain election results in Navarre

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Amelia Salanueva Murguialday		NA+	104,424	31.63
Y Ruth Goñi Sarriés		NA+	102,988	31.19
Y Alberto Catalán Higueras		NA+	101,945	30.88
Y Antonio Magdaleno Alegría		PSOE	82,809	25.08
• Susana Castanera Gómez		PSOE	80,635	24.42
• Emilio Cigudosa García		PSOE	76,588	23.20
• Oihan Mendo Goñi		EH Bildu	58,503	17.72
• Oihane Indakoetxea Barbería		EH Bildu	55,381	16.77
• Pello Mirena Gurbindo Jiménez		EH Bildu	52,653	15.95
• María Ángeles Roldán Marrodán		Podemos–IU–Batzarre	47,069	14.26
• Iñaki Bernal Lumbreras		Podemos–IU–Batzarre	40,066	12.13
• María Joaquina Gómez Pérez		Podemos–IU–Batzarre	37,341	11.31
• Esther Cremaes Mayorga		GBai	20,611	6.24
• René Demarch Fariñas		Vox	18,243	5.53
• Josean Beloqui Colomo		GBai	16,368	4.96
• Antso Fernández Oregi		GBai	15,097	4.57
• María del Mar García Blanco		PACMA	5,030	1.52
• Fernando Camacho de Coca		PACMA	2,972	0.90
• María Rosario Elcuaz Viscarret		PUM+J	2,425	0.73
• Santiago Casal Ribas		Recortes Cero–GV	2,278	0.69
• Enmakon Boyero Vicente		PCTE/ELAK	1,207	0.37
Blank ballots			6,084	1.84
Total			330,171
Valid votes			330,171	98.09
Invalid votes			6,421	1.91
Votes cast / turnout			336,592	65.63
Abstentions			176,234	34.37
Registered voters			512,826
Sources [28]

References

1. "Real Decreto 1210/2024, de 28 de noviembre, por el que se declaran oficiales las cifras de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal referidas al 1 de enero de 2024". Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 December 2024.
2. Law 1/1977 (1977) , trans. prov. 1.
3. Const. Esp. (1978) , tit. III, ch. I, art. 69.
4. Const. Esp. (1978) , tit. VIII, ch. II, art. 141.
5. LOREG (1985) , tit. I, ch. I, art. 2.
6. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. I, art. 2.
7. Carreras de Odriozola & Tafunell Sambola 2005, p. 1077.
8. LOREG (1985) , tit. I, ch. VI, art. 75.
9. Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
10. Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
11. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. II, ch. II, art. 19 & 21.
12. LOREG (1985) , tit. II, ch. III, art. 162 & 165–166.
13. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. III, art. 29.
14. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. IV, art. 30–31 & 34.
15. LOREG (1985) , tit. I, ch. VI, art. 44 & tit. II, ch. V, art. 169.
16. Const. Esp. (1978) , tit. VIII, ch. II, art. 141.
17. LOREG (1985) , tit. I, ch. I, art. 2.
18. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. I, art. 2.
19. LOREG (1985) , tit. I, ch. VI, art. 75.
20. Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
21. Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
22. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. II, ch. II, art. 19 & 21.
23. LOREG (1985) , tit. II, ch. III, art. 162 & 165–166.
24. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. III, art. 29.
25. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. IV, art. 30–31 & 34.
26. LOREG (1985) , tit. I, ch. VI, art. 44 & tit. II, ch. V, art. 169.
27. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. 2023". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 August 2023.
28. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. November 2019. Navarre". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 28 July 2020.

Bibliography

• Ley 1/1977, de 4 de enero, para la Reforma Política (Law 1/1977). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 4. 4 January 1977. ISSN   0212-033X. BOE-A-1977-165. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
• Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales (Royal Decree-Law 20/1977). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 70. 18 March 1977. ISSN   0212-033X. BOE-A-1977-7445. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
• Constitución Española (Spanish Constitution). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 311. 29 December 1978 [latest version]. ISSN   0212-033X. BOE-A-1978-31229. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
• Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General (Organic Law 5/1985). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 147. 19 June 1985 [latest version]. ISSN   0212-033X. BOE-A-1985-11672. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
• Carreras de Odriozola, Albert; Tafunell Sambola, Xavier (2005) [1989]. Estadísticas históricas de España, siglos XIX-XX (PDF) (in Spanish). Vol. 1 (II ed.). Bilbao: Fundación BBVA. pp. 1072–1097. ISBN   84-96515-00-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015.

42°49′N1°39′W / 42.817°N 1.650°W / 42.817; -1.650