El Hierro (Senate constituency)

For the Parliament of the Canary Islands constituency, see El Hierro (Parliament of the Canary Islands constituency).

El Hierro
Senate of Spain Electoral constituency
Location of El Hierro within Spain
Island	El Hierro
Autonomous community	Canary Islands
Population	11,806 (2024) [1]
Electorate	11,155 (2023)
Major settlements	Valverde
Current constituency
Created	1979
Seats	1
Member(s)	AHI (1)

El Hierro is one of the 59 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Senate of Spain, the upper chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency elects one senator. Its boundaries correspond to those of the island of El Hierro. The electoral system employs open list partial block voting, allowing electors to vote for individual candidates rather than parties.

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Senate of Spain, ^[2] with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978. ^[3] Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales. ^[4]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights. ^[5] The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights. ^{[6] [7]} Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish : Voto rogado), ^{[8] [9]} which was abolished in 2022. ^[10] 208 seats are elected using an open list partial block voting system, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. In constituencies electing four seats, electors can vote for up to three candidates; in those with two or three seats, for up to two candidates; and for one candidate in single-member districts. Each of the 47 peninsular provinces is allocated four seats, whereas for insular provinces, such as the Balearic and Canary Islands, districts are the islands themselves, with the larger—Mallorca, Gran Canaria and Tenerife—being allocated three seats each, and the smaller—Menorca, Ibiza–Formentera, Fuerteventura, La Gomera and El Hierro (which comprised a single constituency only for the 1977 election), Lanzarote and La Palma—one each. Ceuta and Melilla elect two seats each. ^{[2] [3] [11] [12]} Until 1985, the law also provided for by-elections to fill Senate seats vacated up to two years into the legislature. ^[13]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies. ^{[14] [15]}

Senators

Senators for El Hierro 1977–
Key to parties    PSOE    AHI    UCD
Legislature	Election	Distribution
1st	1979	1
2nd	1982	1
3rd	1986	1
4th	1989	1
5th	1993	1
6th	1996	1
7th	2000	1
8th	2004	1
9th	2008	1
10th	2011	1
11th	2015	1
12th	2016	1
13th	2019 (Apr)	1
14th	2019 (Nov)	1
15th	2023	1

Elections

2023 general election

Summary of the 23 July 2023 Senate of Spain election results

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Aniceto Javier Armas González		AHI	2,049	35.95
• Juan Rafael Zamora Padrón		PSOE	1,697	29.78
• Rubén Armiche Benítez Padrón		PP	1,146	20.11
• Dácil Felipe Guadarrama		AH	360	6.31
• Esperanza Medina Chávez		Vox	260	4.56
• Luis Manuel Bobet Hernández		PCPC	65	1.14
• Antonio Luis Ros Soler		Recortes Cero	24	0.42
Blank ballots			97	1.70
Total			5698
Valid votes			5,698	96.98
Invalid votes			177	3.01
Votes cast / turnout			5,875	67.63
Abstentions			2,811	32.36
Registered voters			8686
Sources [16]

November 2019 general election

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Senate of Spain election results in El Hierro

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Esther Carmona Delgado		PSOE	2,025	38.80
• Pablo Rodríguez Cejas		AHI–CCa–NC	1,818	34.83
• José Miguel Sánchez Padrón		PP	833	15.96
• Teresa de las Nieves "Maite" Ruiz González		Podemos–IU	324	6.21
• José Marcos Nieto Ramírez		Cs	82	1.57
• Miriam Guerrero Hernández		PACMA	42	0.80
• Ana Lucía López Martín		Recortes Cero–GV	15	0.29
• Cándido Vidal González Felipe		ANC–UP	7	0.13
Blank ballots			73	1.40
Total			5,219
Valid votes			5,219	97.06
Invalid votes			158	2.94
Votes cast / turnout			5,377	49.56
Abstentions			5,473	50.44
Registered voters			10,850
Sources [17]

April 2019 general election

Summary of the 28 April 2019 Senate of Spain election results in El Hierro

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Esther Carmona Delgado		PSOE	2,328	39.82
• Daniel Morales Barrera		AHI–CCa	1,465	25.06
• José Miguel Sánchez Padrón		PP	1,091	18.66
• Teresa de las Nieves Ruiz González		Podemos–IU–Equo	431	7.37
• Lisardo Gaspar Cejas Padrón		Cs	366	6.26
• Silvana Ferreira Pérez		PACMA	76	1.30
• Neido González Alvarez		Recortes Cero–GV	13	0.22
Blank ballots			77	1.32
Total			5,847
Valid votes			5,847	96.98
Invalid votes			182	3.02
Votes cast / turnout			6,029	55.53
Abstentions			4,828	44.47
Registered voters			10,857
Sources [18]

2016 general election

Summary of the 26 June 2016 Senate of Spain election results in El Hierro

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Pablo Rodríguez Cejas		CCa–AHI	2,149	40.32
• José Miguel Sánchez Padrón		PP	1,282	24.05
• Juan Castañeda Acosta		PSOE–NCa	966	18.12
• Sandra Magdalena Lima Casañas		Podemos–IU–Equo	578	10.84
• Lisardo Gaspar Cejas Padrón		C's	186	3.49
• María Josefa González Chinea		PACMA	51	0.96
• Selene Benítez Ghersi		Recortes Cero–GV	14	0.26
• Bruno Díaz González		PCPC	9	0.17
Blank ballots			95	1.78
Total			5,330
Valid votes			5,330	96.47
Invalid votes			195	3.53
Votes cast / turnout			5,525	51.09
Abstentions			5,290	48.91
Registered voters			10,815
Sources [19] [20]

2015 general election

Summary of the 20 December 2015 Senate of Spain election results in El Hierro

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Pablo Rodríguez Cejas		CCa–AHI	2,133	40.46
• Juan Castañeda Acosta		PSOE–NCa	1,107	21.00
• Rita Beatriz Machín González		PP	1,019	19.33
• Raimundo Casañas Ortiz		Podemos	455	8.63
• Sara María Pérez Padrón		C's	230	4.36
• Miguel Ángel Peraza Chinea		IUC–IpH–UPeC	153	2.90
• María Candelaria Oval Afonso		PACMA	43	0.82
• Selene Alexandra Benítez Ghersi		Recortes Cero–GV	12	0.23
• Ángel Basilio González Mesa		UPyD	8	0.15
• Sara María Martín Pimentel		PCPC	7	0.13
Blank ballots			105	1.99
Total			5,272
Valid votes			5,272	96.13
Invalid votes			212	3.87
Votes cast / turnout			5,484	51.17
Abstentions			5,233	48.83
Registered voters			10,717
Sources [19] [21]

2011 general election

Summary of the 20 November 2011 Senate of Spain election results in El Hierro

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Narvay Quintero Castañeda		CC–AHI–NC	1,837	34.69
• Juan Luis González Padrón		PSOE	1,695	32.01
• Ángel Luis Lima Moeck		PP	1,415	26.72
• Abel Fernández Acosta		IUC–IpH–LV	181	3.42
• José Antonio De Vera Alventosa		UPyD	45	0.85
• Aitor González Padilla		PCPE	16	0.30
Blank ballots			106	2.00
Total			5,295
Valid votes			5,295	97.35
Invalid votes			144	2.65
Votes cast / turnout			5,439	53.26
Abstentions			4,773	46.74
Registered voters			10,212
Sources [19] [22]

2008 general election

Summary of the 9 March 2008 Senate of Spain election results in El Hierro

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Narvay Quintero Castañeda		AHI–CC	2,412	40.15
• Alpidio Valentín Armas González		PSOE	2,204	36.69
• Desirée Padrón Mendoza		PP	1,201	19.99
• Juan Hernández Lutzardo		MUPC	42	0.70
• Rafael Parra Hernanz		IUC	32	0.53
• Ana María Pérez Herrera		LV	16	0.27
• Ana Mercedes Padrón Fernández		LV–GV	8	0.13
• Luis Alberto Hernández González		PCPC	7	0.12
• María Isabel De Martín Padrón		UPyD	6	0.10
• Ana Cristina González Figueroa		ANC	5	0.08
• Victoria Alonso Plasencia		POSI	5	0.08
• Juan Miguel Gutiérrez García		PUM+J	4	0.07
• Echedey Padrón Guerra		UP	2	0.03
• Cristina Estévez Llorente		PH	2	0.03
• Rubén González Gutiérrez		FE–JONS	1	0.02
• Jesús María Ibáñez Estévez		CTC	1	0.02
Blank ballots			59	0.98
Total			6,007
Valid votes			6,007	98.11
Invalid votes			116	1.89
Votes cast / turnout			6,123	64.11
Abstentions			3,428	35.89
Registered voters			9,551
Sources [19] [23]

2004 general election

Summary of the 14 March 2004 Senate of Spain election results in El Hierro

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Félix Ayala Fonte		CC–AHI	2,182	38.72
• María Carmen Morales Hernández		PP	1,603	28.45
• Luciano Eutimio Armas Morales		PSOE–PNC	1,554	27.58
• María Felina León Beltrán		LV–IU–AC25M	74	1.31
• Manuel Luis Espinosa Krawany		CDS	66	1.17
• Álvaro Juan Monzón Santana		LV–GV	39	0.69
• Eduardo José Hernández López		CTC	2	0.04
Blank ballots			115	2.04
Total			5,635
Valid votes			5,635	97.41
Invalid votes			150	2.59
Votes cast / turnout			5,785	64.67
Abstentions			3,160	35.33
Registered voters			8,945
Sources [19] [24]

2000 general election

Summary of the 12 March 2000 Senate of Spain election results in El Hierro

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Venancio Acosta Padrón		CC–AHI	2,141	43.33
• Regina García Casañas		PP	1,425	28.84
• Juan Castañeda Acosta		PSOE–p	1,250	25.30
• Jesús Peñas Artero		FE	8	0.16
Blank ballots			117	2.37
Total			4,941
Valid votes			4,941	98.31
Invalid votes			85	1.69
Votes cast / turnout			5,026	62.37
Abstentions			3,033	37.63
Registered voters			8,059
Sources [19] [25]

1996 general election

Summary of the 3 March 1996 Senate of Spain election results in El Hierro

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Pedro Luis Padrón Rodríguez		CC	2,093	44.93
• Inocencio Hernández González		PSOE	1,257	26.99
• Federico Padrón Padrón		PP	1,122	24.09
• Ramón Morales González		IUC	71	1.52
• Víctor Manuel Padrón Barrera		UC	19	0.41
Blank ballots			96	2.06
Total			4,658
Valid votes			4,658	98.56
Invalid votes			68	1.44
Votes cast / turnout			4,726	69.94
Abstentions			2,031	30.06
Registered voters			6,757
Sources [19] [26]

1993 general election

Summary of the 6 June 1993 Senate of Spain election results in El Hierro

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Pedro Luis Padrón Rodríguez		CC (AHI–AIC)	1,944	43.52
• Eulalio Elviro Reboso Gutiérrez		PP	1,222	27.36
• José Francisco Armas Pérez		PSOE	1,195	26.75
• Manuel Luis Espinosa Krawany		CDS	34	0.76
• María Lourdes Rodríguez Figueroa		PH	5	0.11
Blank ballots			67	1.50
Total			4,467
Valid votes			4,467	98.78
Invalid votes			55	1.22
Votes cast / turnout			4,522	72.53
Abstentions			1,713	27.47
Registered voters			6,235
Sources [19] [27]

1989 general election

Summary of the 29 October 1989 Senate of Spain election results in El Hierro

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Venancio Acosta Padrón		AHI	1,219	31.33
• José Francisco Armas Pérez		PSOE	1,133	29.12
• Longinos Morales Pérez		PP	983	25.26
• Aurelio Ayala Fonte		IU–ICU	535	13.75
• Agustina Tomás Fernández		LV–LV	5	0.13
• Jesús Valentín Padrón Febles		PST	1	0.03
• José Manuel Quevedo Talavera		CEES	0	0.00
Blank ballots			15	0.39
Total			3,891
Valid votes			3,891	98.18
Invalid votes			72	1.82
Votes cast / turnout			3,963	72.62
Abstentions			1,494	27.38
Registered voters			5,457
Sources [19] [28]

1986 general election

Summary of the 22 June 1986 Senate of Spain election results in El Hierro

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y José Francisco Armas Pérez		PSOE	1,097	33.96
• Federico Padrón Padrón		AP–PDP–PL	886	27.43
• Aurelio Ayala Fonte		ICU	791	24.49
• Cayo Francisco Armas Benítez		CDS	430	13.31
• Florán Avelino Eulalio Fernández Darías		PRD	5	0.15
• Juan Bautista Correas		UCE	2	0.06
Blank ballots			19	0.59
Total			3,230
Valid votes			3,230	98.30
Invalid votes			56	1.70
Votes cast / turnout			3,286	63.82
Abstentions			1,863	36.18
Registered voters			5,149
Sources [19] [29]

1982 general election

Summary of the 28 October 1982 Senate of Spain election results in El Hierro

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Federico Padrón Padrón		UCD	1,251	36.24
• Eligio Hernández Gutiérrez		PSOE	855	24.77
• Longinos Morales Pérez		AP–PDP	802	23.23
• Aurelio Ayala Fonte		AC–CC	416	12.05
• Ramón Martín Febles Castañeda		FN	71	2.06
• Raúl Antonio Alamo Panizo		CDS	57	1.65
• José Francisco Armas Pérez		PSOE	0	0.00
Blank ballots			0	0.00
Total			3,452
Valid votes			3,452	100.00
Invalid votes			0	0.00
Votes cast / turnout			3,452	72.48
Abstentions			1,311	27.52
Registered voters			4,763
Sources [19] [30] [31]

1979 general election

Summary of the 1 March 1979 Senate of Spain election results in El Hierro

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Federico Padrón Padrón		UCD	1,871	65.70
• Aurelio Ayala Fonte		PCE	382	13.41
• Manuel Hernández Quintero		PSOE	299	10.50
• Cándido Magdaleno Cruz		CD	148	5.20
• Ramón Febles Castañeda		UN	131	4.60
Blank ballots			17	0.60
Total			2,848
Valid votes			2,848	99.23
Invalid votes			22	0.77
Votes cast / turnout			2,870	49.84
Abstentions			2,889	50.16
Registered voters			5,759
Sources [19] [32]

References

1. "Real Decreto 1210/2024, de 28 de noviembre, por el que se declaran oficiales las cifras de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal referidas al 1 de enero de 2024". Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 December 2024.
2. Law 1/1977 (1977) , trans. prov. 1.
3. Const. Esp. (1978) , tit. III, ch. I, art. 69.
4. Const. Esp. (1978) , tit. VIII, ch. II, art. 141.
5. LOREG (1985) , tit. I, ch. I, art. 2.
6. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. I, art. 2.
7. Carreras de Odriozola & Tafunell Sambola 2005, p. 1077.
8. LOREG (1985) , tit. I, ch. VI, art. 75.
9. Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
10. Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
11. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. II, ch. II, art. 19 & 21.
12. LOREG (1985) , tit. II, ch. III, art. 162 & 165–166.
13. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. III, art. 29.
14. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. IV, art. 30–31 & 34.
15. LOREG (1985) , tit. I, ch. VI, art. 44 & tit. II, ch. V, art. 169.
16. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. 2023". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 August 2023.
17. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. November 2019. El Hierro". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 July 2020.
18. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. April 2019. El Hierro". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 December 2019.
19. "Electoral Information System in the Canary Islands". www.gobiernodecanarias.org (in Spanish). Canarian Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 2 December 2019.
20. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. June 2016. El Hierro". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 December 2019.
21. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. December 2015. El Hierro". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 December 2019.
22. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. November 2011. El Hierro". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 December 2019.
23. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. March 2008. El Hierro". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 December 2019.
24. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. March 2004. El Hierro". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 December 2019.
25. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. March 2000. El Hierro". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 December 2019.
26. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. March 1996. El Hierro". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 December 2019.
27. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. June 1993. El Hierro". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 December 2019.
28. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. October 1989. El Hierro". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 December 2019.
29. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. June 1986. El Hierro". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 December 2019.
30. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. October 1982. El Hierro". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 December 2019.
31. "Proclaimed candidacies for the Congress of Deputies and Senate elections called by Royal-decree 2057/1982, of 27 August" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Central Electoral Commission. 2 October 1982. Retrieved 2 December 2019.
32. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. March 1979. El Hierro". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 December 2019.

Bibliography

• Ley 1/1977, de 4 de enero, para la Reforma Política (Law 1/1977). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 4. 4 January 1977. ISSN   0212-033X. BOE-A-1977-165. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
• Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales (Royal Decree-Law 20/1977). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 70. 18 March 1977. ISSN   0212-033X. BOE-A-1977-7445. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
• Constitución Española (Spanish Constitution). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 311. 29 December 1978 [latest version]. ISSN   0212-033X. BOE-A-1978-31229. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
• Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General (Organic Law 5/1985). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 147. 19 June 1985 [latest version]. ISSN   0212-033X. BOE-A-1985-11672. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
• Carreras de Odriozola, Albert; Tafunell Sambola, Xavier (2005) [1989]. Estadísticas históricas de España, siglos XIX-XX (PDF) (in Spanish). Vol. 1 (II ed.). Bilbao: Fundación BBVA. pp. 1072–1097. ISBN   84-96515-00-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015.

27°45′N18°0′W / 27.750°N 18.000°W / 27.750; -18.000