Mallorca (Senate constituency)

For the Parliament of the Balearic Islands constituency, see Mallorca (Parliament of the Balearic Islands constituency).

Mallorca
Senate of Spain Electoral constituency
Location of Mallorca within Spain
Island	Mallorca
Autonomous community	Balearic Islands
Population	949,047 (2024) [1]
Electorate	648,249 (2023)
Major settlements	Palma, Calvià
Current constituency
Created	1977
Seats	3
Member(s)	PP (2)   PSOE (1)

Mallorca is one of the 59 constituencies (Spanish : circunscripciones) represented in the Senate of Spain, the upper chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency elects three senators. Its boundaries correspond to those of the island of Mallorca. The electoral system uses an open list partial block voting, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. Electors can vote for up to two candidates.

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Senate of Spain, ^[2] with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978. ^[3] Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales. ^[4]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights. ^[5] The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights. ^{[6] [7]} Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish : Voto rogado), ^{[8] [9]} which was abolished in 2022. ^[10] 208 seats are elected using an open list partial block voting system, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. In constituencies electing four seats, electors can vote for up to three candidates; in those with two or three seats, for up to two candidates; and for one candidate in single-member districts. Each of the 47 peninsular provinces is allocated four seats, whereas for insular provinces, such as the Balearic and Canary Islands, districts are the islands themselves, with the larger—Mallorca, Gran Canaria and Tenerife—being allocated three seats each, and the smaller—Menorca, Ibiza–Formentera, Fuerteventura, La Gomera and El Hierro (which comprised a single constituency only for the 1977 election), Lanzarote and La Palma—one each. Ceuta and Melilla elect two seats each. ^{[2] [3] [11] [12]} Until 1985, the law also provided for by-elections to fill Senate seats vacated up to two years into the legislature. ^[13]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies. ^{[14] [15]}

Senators

Senators for Mallorca 1977–
Key to parties    UPM    Podemos    PSOE    UCD    PP    CP    AP
Legislature	Election	Distribution
Constituent	1977	1 2
1st	1979	1 2
2nd	1982	2 1
3rd	1986	2 1
4th	1989	1 2
5th	1993	1 2
6th	1996	1 2
7th	2000	1 2
8th	2004	1 2
9th	2008	1 2
10th	2011	1 2
11th	2015	1 2
12th	2016	1 2
13th	2019 (Apr)	2 1
14th	2019 (Nov)	2 1
15th	2023	1 2

Elections

2023 general election

Summary of the 23 July 2023 Senate of Spain election results

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y María Salom Coll		PP	141,471	36.43
Y Martí Ángel Torres Valls		PP	134,349	34.60
Y Pere Joan Pons Sampietro		PSIB-PSOE	118,579	30.54
• Teresa Suárez Genovard		PSIB-PSOE	112,175	28.89
• Laura Pérez Reol		Sumar	62,795	16.17
• Gabriel Antonio Le Senne Presedo		Vox	55,081	14.18
• Antoni Simó Tomàs Canyelles		Sumar	51,651	13.30
• María Vidal Bennasar		Vox	50,382	12.97
• Neus Broto Pachiardi		PACMA	5,613	1.44
• Fumio Maruta Maruta		PACMA	3,328	0.85
• Adrià Ruiz Rosselló		PCTE	1,128	0.29
• Elena Fernández Mateo		Recortes Cero	806	0.20
• Guillermo García Salas		Recortes Cero	484	0.12
Blank ballots			6,155	1.58
Total			743997
Valid votes			388,253	97.69
Invalid votes			9,147	2.30
Votes cast / turnout			397,400	64.40
Abstentions			219,662	35.59
Registered voters			617062
Sources [16]

November 2019 general election

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Senate of Spain election results in Mallorca

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y María Salom Coll		PP	93,266	26.29
Y Cosme Bonet Bonet		PSOE	91,522	25.80
Y Susanna Moll Kammerich		PSOE	87,196	24.58
• Javier Bonet Díaz		PP	81,741	23.04
• Manuela Cañadas Pinilla		Vox	58,822	16.58
• Beni Aguiló Grau		Podemos–EUIB	56,669	15.97
• Alfonso Rodríguez Sánchez		Podemos–EUIB	48,476	13.66
• Beatriz Medina Muñoz-Torrero		Cs	28,782	8.11
• Omar Delgado Garrido		Cs	23,076	6.50
• Lila Thomàs i Andreu		Més–esquerra	21,067	5.94
• Isidre Mateu Sabater		Més–esquerra	16,660	4.70
• Antoni Gutiérrez Sastre		Más País	8,978	2.53
• Patricia Blanco Martín		PACMA	7,651	2.16
• Francisco González Benito		PACMA	4,411	1.24
• Juan José Fernández Panadero		Recortes Cero–GV	1,225	0.35
• María Teresa Viera Oliver		PUM+J	1,025	0.29
• Antonio Forteza Bonnet		P–LIB	481	0.14
Blank ballots			6,398	1.80
Total			354,766
Valid votes			354,766	97.64
Invalid votes			8,588	2.36
Votes cast / turnout			363,354	57.45
Abstentions			269,143	42.55
Registered voters			632,497
Sources [17]

April 2019 general election

Summary of the 28 April 2019 Senate of Spain election results in Mallorca

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Cosme Bonet Bonet		PSOE	107,619	26.60
Y Susanna Moll Kammerich		PSOE	102,887	25.43
Y María Salom Coll		PP	75,485	18.66
• Pep Malagrava Rigo		UP–VP	73,961	18.28
• Rosa Cursach Salas		UP–VP	73,256	18.10
• Pedro Luis Ribas Dietrich		Cs	70,229	17.36
• Miguel Ángel Ramis Socías		PP	64,068	15.84
• Beatriz Medina Muñoz-Torrero		Cs	61,718	15.26
• Antonio Salvá Verd		Vox	46,619	11.52
• Manuela Cañadas Pinilla		Vox	37,798	9.34
• Rafel Alexandre Ballester Riutort		El Pi	15,798	3.91
• Juana Xamena Terrasa		El Pi	13,891	3.43
• Marina Mir García		PACMA	11,624	2.87
• José Manuel Miñano Linde		PACMA	6,971	1.72
• Irina Martínez Valero		Recortes Cero–GV	1,914	0.47
• Maria del Carmen Rodriguez Nieto		PUM+J	1,303	0.32
• Jaume Bonet Moll		VIA	1,231	0.30
Blank ballots			6,766	1.67
Total			404,540
Valid votes			404,540	97.49
Invalid votes			10,414	2.51
Votes cast / turnout			414,954	66.02
Abstentions			213,607	33.98
Registered voters			628,561
Sources [18]

2016 general election

Summary of the 26 June 2016 Senate of Spain election results in Mallorca

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Miguel Ángel Ramis Socías		PP	127,994	35.52
Y Catalina Soler Torres		PP	125,126	34.73
Y Margarita Quetglas Quesada		Podemos–EUIB–Més	85,261	23.66
• Juan José Martínez Riera		Podemos–EUIB–Més	76,393	21.20
• Natalia Troya Isern		PSOE	74,316	20.62
• Francisco Ducrós Salvá		PSOE	68,615	19.04
• Francisco Javier Giménez Borrás		Cs	44,018	12.22
• Laura Rodeño Hernández		Cs	41,179	11.43
• Diana María Martín Hämphälä		PACMA	8,651	2.40
• Josep de Luis Ferrer		SI	7,973	2.21
• Maria Loreto Amorós i Rotger		SI	6,902	1.91
• Arturo Arévalo González		PACMA	5,698	1.58
• Juan José Fernández Panadero		Recortes Cero–GV	1,604	0.45
• Ana María Mingolla López		Recortes Cero–GV	1,326	0.37
• Antonio Romero García		UPyD	1,023	0.28
• Gaspar Buades Rul·lan		PFyV	807	0.22
• Francina Catalina Martí Capellá		UPyD	804	0.22
• Mª Amalia Schmidt Gil Moreno de Mora		PFyV	661	0.18
Blank ballots			8,166	2.27
Total			360,333
Valid votes			360,333	97.47
Invalid votes			9,338	2.53
Votes cast / turnout			369,671	60.96
Abstentions			236,788	39.04
Registered voters			606,459
Sources [19]

2015 general election

Summary of the 20 December 2015 Senate of Spain election results in Mallorca

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Miguel Ángel Ramis Socías		PP	108,368	29.09
Y Catalina Soler Torres		PP	104,558	28.06
Y Margarita Quetglas Quesada		Podemos	77,420	20.78
• José Antonio Manchado Lozano		PSOE	67,836	18.21
• Tomás Fernández González		Podemos	67,818	18.20
• Natalia Troya Isern		PSOE	63,547	17.06
• Javier Antonio González García		Cs	45,088	12.10
• Laura Rodeño Hernández		Cs	41,169	11.05
• Sara Margarita Martín Comas		Més	33,103	8.88
• Salvador Colomé Costa		Més	27,424	7.36
• Rafel Alexandre Ballester Riutort		El Pi	15,443	4.14
• Lucia Driessen Lladó		El Pi	13,283	3.57
• Rafael Polonio Gómez		IU–UPB	7,267	1.95
• Diana María Martín Hämphälä		PACMA	7,254	1.95
• Josefina Fernández Pérez		IU–UPB	7,245	1.94
• José González Sastre		PACMA	4,408	1.18
• Francisco Alegret Crespí		UPyD	2,026	0.54
• María Victoria Ruiz Martínez		UPyD	1,683	0.45
• Juan José Fernández Panadero		Recortes Cero–GV	1,486	0.40
• Gaspar Buades Rul·lan		PFyV	783	0.21
• Rosalía Cortés Sastre		PFyV	659	0.18
Blank ballots			12,182	3.27
Total			372,581
Valid votes			372,581	96.77
Invalid votes			12,439	3.23
Votes cast / turnout			385,020	63.68
Abstentions			219,604	36.32
Registered voters			604,624
Sources [20]

References

1. "Real Decreto 1210/2024, de 28 de noviembre, por el que se declaran oficiales las cifras de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal referidas al 1 de enero de 2024". Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 December 2024.
2. Law 1/1977 (1977) , trans. prov. 1.
3. Const. Esp. (1978) , tit. III, ch. I, art. 69.
4. Const. Esp. (1978) , tit. VIII, ch. II, art. 141.
5. LOREG (1985) , tit. I, ch. I, art. 2.
6. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. I, art. 2.
7. Carreras de Odriozola & Tafunell Sambola 2005, p. 1077.
8. LOREG (1985) , tit. I, ch. VI, art. 75.
9. Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
10. Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
11. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. II, ch. II, art. 19 & 21.
12. LOREG (1985) , tit. II, ch. III, art. 162 & 165–166.
13. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. III, art. 29.
14. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. IV, art. 30–31 & 34.
15. LOREG (1985) , tit. I, ch. VI, art. 44 & tit. II, ch. V, art. 169.
16. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. 2023". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 August 2023.
17. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. November 2019. Mallorca". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 13 August 2020.
18. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. April 2019. Mallorca". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 September 2020.
19. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. June 2016. Mallorca". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 25 September 2020.
20. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. December 2015. Mallorca". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 25 September 2020.

Bibliography

• Ley 1/1977, de 4 de enero, para la Reforma Política (Law 1/1977). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 4. 4 January 1977. ISSN   0212-033X. BOE-A-1977-165. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
• Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales (Royal Decree-Law 20/1977). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 70. 18 March 1977. ISSN   0212-033X. BOE-A-1977-7445. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
• Constitución Española (Spanish Constitution). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 311. 29 December 1978 [latest version]. ISSN   0212-033X. BOE-A-1978-31229. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
• Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General (Organic Law 5/1985). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 147. 19 June 1985 [latest version]. ISSN   0212-033X. BOE-A-1985-11672. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
• Carreras de Odriozola, Albert; Tafunell Sambola, Xavier (2005) [1989]. Estadísticas históricas de España, siglos XIX-XX (PDF) (in Spanish). Vol. 1 (II ed.). Bilbao: Fundación BBVA. pp. 1072–1097. ISBN   84-96515-00-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015.

39°37′N2°59′W / 39.617°N 2.983°W / 39.617; -2.983