Nordfriesland (district)

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Nordfriesland
District
Flagge Kreis Nordfriesland.svg
Flag
DEU Kreis Nordfriesland COA.svg
Coat of arms
Schleswig-Holstein NF.svg
Country Germany
State Schleswig-Holstein
Capital Husum
Government
 • District admin.Florian Lorenzen (CDU)
Area
 • Total2,047 km2 (790 sq mi)
Population
 (31 December 2022) [1]
 • Total169,043
 • Density83/km2 (210/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST) UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Vehicle registration NF
Website nordfriesland.de
Marshland in Eiderstedt, typical of the North Frisian coast Eiderstedt-marshland.jpg
Marshland in Eiderstedt, typical of the North Frisian coast
Horsecart coming from a Hallig island in the mudflat at low tide Hallig Suedfall2.JPG
Horsecart coming from a Hallig island in the mudflat at low tide

Nordfriesland (German pronunciation: [nɔʁtˈfʁiːslant] ⓘ ; Danish : Nordfrisland; North Frisian : Nordfraschlönj [nɔʀdˈfʀaʃlœɲ] Low German: Noordfreesland), also known as North Frisia, is the northernmost district of Germany, part of the state of Schleswig-Holstein. It includes almost all of traditional North Frisia (with the exception of the island of Heligoland), as well as adjacent parts of the Schleswig Geest to the east and Stapelholm to the south, and is bounded (from the east and clockwise) by the districts of Schleswig-Flensburg and Dithmarschen, the North Sea and the Danish county of South Jutland. The district is called Kreis Nordfriesland in German, Kreis Noordfreesland in Low German, Kris Nordfraschlönj in Mooring North Frisian, Kreis Nuurdfresklun in Fering North Frisian and Nordfrislands amt in Danish.

Contents

As of 2008, Nordfriesland was the most visited rural district in Germany. [2]

History

The sea has always had a strong influence in the region. In medieval times, storm tides made life in what is now Nordfriesland rather dangerous. Only in modern times was the loss of land and lives able to be stopped by building solid dikes. Many villages that once existed are now at the bottom of the sea. The best-known example is the small seaport of Rungholt, which was destroyed by a storm surge in 1362. The island of Strand vanished in the Burchardi flood, another disastrous storm in 1634. Subsequent to this storm surge, there were many small islets instead of Strand.

From approximately 1200 until 1864, the area that is now Nordfriesland was a part of the Duchy of Schleswig, which itself was not directly a part of the Danish Kingdom, but a fiefdom of the Danish crown and linked to the kings of Denmark by personal union as a separate entity. Nordfriesland is still a multilingual district: there are people speaking standard German, Low German, North Frisian and Danish including South Jutlandic. The North Frisian language exists in nine slightly different dialects, yet it is mainly used by older citizens in mainland Nordfriesland. A relatively lively community of Frisian speakers exists though on the islands of Föhr and Amrum. After becoming German, three districts were established in the region: Südtondern in the north, Husum in the centre, and Eiderstedt in the south. In 1970 these three districts were merged to form the Nordfriesland district.

Geography

North Frisia within the modern Nordfriesland district. KreisRegionNordfriesland.png
North Frisia within the modern Nordfriesland district.

The entire coastal region is part of the Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park. Nordfriesland includes the coastal section between Dithmarschen and Denmark. In the south is the Eiderstedt peninsula, where the River Eider meets the sea.

The North Frisian Islands are also part of the Nordfriesland district and located inside the national park as well. There are five large islands (Sylt, Föhr, Amrum, Pellworm and Nordstrand) and ten smaller islets known as Halligen.

Coat of arms

DEU Kreis Nordfriesland COA.svg
The coat of arms displays three golden ships on a blue background. These coats of arms have been used by the Eiderstedt peninsula since the 17th century. When the district was established in 1970, the arms of Eiderstedt were applied to the entire district. Differing from the old arms, though, there are three images visible on the ships' sails: a plow, a herring and a bull's head.

Towns and municipalities

Uebersicht-NF.png
Independent towns and municipalities
  1. Friedrichstadt
  2. Husum
  3. Tönning
  4. Reußenköge
Ämter
  1. Garding 1, 2
  2. Garding, Kirchspiel
  3. Grothusenkoog
  4. Katharinenheerd
  5. Kotzenbüll
  6. Norderfriedrichskoog
  7. Oldenswort
  8. Osterhever
  9. Poppenbüll
  10. Sankt Peter-Ording
  11. Tating
  12. Tetenbüll
  13. Tümlauer-Koog
  14. Vollerwiek
  15. Welt
  16. Westerhever
  1. Alkersum
  2. Borgsum
  3. Dunsum
  4. Midlum
  5. Nebel
  6. Nieblum
  7. Norddorf
  8. Oevenum
  9. Oldsum
  10. Süderende
  11. Utersum
  12. Witsum
  13. Wittdün
  14. Wrixum
  15. Wyk auf Föhr 1, 2
  1. Hörnum
  2. Kampen
  3. List
  4. Sylt 1
  5. Wenningstedt-Braderup
  1. Ahrenshöft
  2. Almdorf
  3. Bargum
  4. Bohmstedt
  5. Bordelum
  6. Bredstedt 1, 2
  7. Breklum
  8. Drelsdorf
  9. Goldebek
  10. Goldelund
  11. Högel
  12. Joldelund
  13. Kolkerheide
  14. Langenhorn
  15. Lütjenholm
  16. Ockholm
  17. Sönnebüll
  18. Struckum
  19. Vollstedt
  1. Arlewatt
  2. Drage
  3. Elisabeth-Sophien-Koog
  4. Fresendelf
  5. Hattstedt
  6. Hattstedtermarsch
  7. Horstedt
  8. Hude
  9. Koldenbüttel
  10. Mildstedt 1
  11. Nordstrand
  12. Oldersbek
  13. Olderup
  14. Ostenfeld
  15. Ramstedt
  16. Rantrum
  17. Schwabstedt
  18. Seeth
  19. Simonsberg
  20. Süderhöft
  21. Südermarsch
  22. Uelvesbüll
  23. Winnert
  24. Wisch
  25. Wittbek
  26. Witzwort
  27. Wobbenbüll
  1. Gröde
  2. Hooge
  3. Langeneß
  4. Pellworm 1
  1. Achtrup
  2. Aventoft
  3. Bosbüll
  4. Braderup
  5. Bramstedtlund
  6. Dagebüll
  7. Ellhöft
  8. Emmelsbüll-Horsbüll
  9. Enge-Sande
  10. Friedrich-Wilhelm-Lübke-Koog
  11. Galmsbüll
  12. Holm
  13. Humptrup
  14. Karlum
  15. Klanxbüll
  16. Klixbüll
  17. Ladelund
  18. Leck
  19. Lexgaard
  20. Neukirchen
  21. Niebüll 1, 2
  22. Risum-Lindholm
  23. Rodenäs
  24. Sprakebüll
  25. Stadum
  26. Stedesand
  27. Süderlügum
  28. Tinningstedt
  29. Uphusum
  30. Westre
  1. Ahrenviöl
  2. Ahrenviölfeld
  3. Behrendorf
  4. Bondelum
  5. Haselund
  6. Immenstedt
  7. Löwenstedt
  8. Norstedt
  9. Oster-Ohrstedt
  10. Schwesing
  11. Sollwitt
  12. Viöl 1
  13. Wester-Ohrstedt
1seat of the Amt; 2town

See also

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References

  1. ↑ "Bevölkerung der Gemeinden in Schleswig-Holstein 4. Quartal 2022" (XLS) (in German). Statistisches Amt für Hamburg und Schleswig-Holstein.
  2. ↑ "Tourismus- und Hotelatlas 2009-2010" (PDF) (in German). Georg & Ottenströer. p. 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.[ permanent dead link ]

54°35′N9°00′E / 54.58°N 9.0°E / 54.58; 9.0

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