Olearia pinifolia

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Olearia pinifolia
Olearia pinifolia - full plant - kunanyi.jpg
Olearia pinifolia foliage and seeding flowers, in autumn, kunanyi TAS
Olearia pinifolia - close-up - kunanyi.jpg
Close-up of the seeding flowers on O. pinifolia
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Olearia
Species:
O. pinifolia
Binomial name
Olearia pinifolia
(Hook.f.) Benth.
Olearia pinifolia - map.jpg
Olearia pinifolia distribution map

Olearia pinifolia is a spiky shrub of the Asteraceae family, [1] endemic to the mountains of Tasmania. [2] [3] It is commonly known as the Pine-leafed Daisy-bush. [4] This species is endemic to Tasmania, Australia and is found in alpine and sub-alpine regions on mountains throughout Tasmania, where it grows as a shrub to small tree. It flowers during spring - early summer.

Contents

Description

Pressed Olearia pinifolia Olearia pinifolia - pressed.jpg
Pressed Olearia pinifolia

The Olearia pinifolia species grows as a thick, spiky shrub or small tree, often to a height of 1-3m. Its foliage contains slender leaves which end in a sharp tip, with the leaves curving down at the edges - known as revolute. [1] [5] Leaves are dark green on the upper side, with underside a lighter grey-green, [5] growing to approximate lengths of 3cm. Its flowers have white florets of 18-24, flowerheads occur solitarily, [4] with flowers blooming in late spring - early summer, turning to seed by mid-summer. Set apart and easily distinguished from other Olearia species by its pine-like foliage.

Distribution and habitat

Olearia pinifolia is endemic to Tasmania, occurring sporadically within the 800-1200m altitude, [4] commonly found in similar regions to Olearia ledifolia, but often in less density. It has a tolerance for cold, windy and wet conditions as found in sub-alpine regions. Prefers loamy, fast-draining soil with low phosphorus levels. [6]

Ecology

This species is known to be resistant to Phytophthora cinnamomi ; [4] which can cause root rot. Olearia pinifolia may be susceptible to mealybug, [4] which feed on the juices of the plant, and may carry other diseases.

Cultivation

Seeds can be collected from seeding Olearia pinifolia in the late summer to early autumn (January-March), when the achene release the fluffy, white seed-heads. [4] These can be collected and dried, and if sowed within a short time in a surface layer of loamy, low-phosphorus soil, can yield young Olearia pinifolia seedlings. Best sowing months in Tasmania are March-April and October-November, [4] when conditions are mild and frosts rare. Germination occurs in two to five weeks after planting. [4] Can also be propagated from cuttings taken from healthy, young Olearia pinifolia plants. [4]

Related Research Articles

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Diselma archeri is a species of plant of the family Cupressaceae and the sole species in the genus Diselma. It is endemic to the alpine regions of Tasmania's southwest and Central Highlands, on the western coast ranges and Lake St. Clair. It is a monotypic genus restricted to high altitude rainforest and moist alpine heathland. Its distribution mirrors very closely that of other endemic Tasmanian conifers Microcachrys tetragona and Pherosphaera hookeriana.

<i>Persoonia pinifolia</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia pinifolia, commonly known as pine-leaved geebung or as mambara in the Cadigal language, is a plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the Sydney region of New South Wales. It is an upright, woody shrub with soft, pine-like foliage and long, terminal racemes of small yellow flowers in late winter to summer.

<i>Athrotaxis cupressoides</i> Species of conifer

Athrotaxis cupressoides, is also known as pencil pine, despite being a species of the family Cupressaceae, and not a member of the pine family. Found either as an erect shrub or as a tree, this species is endemic to Tasmania Australia. Trees can live for upwards of 1000 years, sustaining a very slow growth rate of approximately 12 mm in diameter per year.

<i>Gaultheria hispida</i> Species of flowering plant

Gaultheria hispida, commonly known as the copperleaf snowberry, is an endemic eudicot of Tasmania, Australia. It is an erect multi-branched shrub, that can be found in wet forests and alpine woodlands. Its berries appear snowy white and leaves are tipped with a copper tinge, hence the common name.

<i>Bellendena</i> Genus of plants in the family Proteaceae

Bellendena montana, commonly known as mountain rocket, is a species of low-growing multi-stemmed shrub in the plant family Proteaceae. It is endemic to high-altitude subalpine and alpine regions in Tasmania, Australia. The prominent white flower spikes appear over summer, followed by small bright red or yellow fruit in late summer and autumn.

<i>Ewartia planchonii</i> Species of flowering plant

Ewartia planchonii commonly known as creeping cushionherb, is an endemic herb to alpine areas of Tasmania. E. planchonii is commonly found in the western highlands of Tasmania. The Ewartia genus is described as cushion plants/herbs due to the characteristic growth habits of low growing, highly compact mats which are made up of highly packed stems. These mats are slow-growing and are often located in soils that contain low nutrients.

<i>Anopterus glandulosus</i> Species of tree

Anopterus glandulosus, commonly known as native laurel or Tasmanian laurel, is a species of shrub or small tree in the family Escalloniaceae. Endemic to south and southwestern Tasmania, A. glandulosus is widespread in the moist understoreys of Tasmanian temperate rainforests and wet sclerophyll forests from sea level to mountainous regions below 1,200 metres (3,937 ft) above sea level.

<i>Olearia phlogopappa</i> Species of flowering plant

Olearia phlogopappa commonly known as the dusty daisy-bush or alpine daisy-bush is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae that is commonly found in eastern New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania. It is a small shrub with greyish-green foliage, daisy-like flowers in white, pink or mauve that can be seen from spring to late summer.

<i>Eucalyptus amygdalina</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus amygdalina, or black peppermint, is a species of Eucalyptus which is endemic to Tasmania, Australia. It was first described by Labillardiere in 1806. It is one of the most common eucalypts in the state, where it is often a tree in sclerophyll forest or a shrub in open scrub and heath. It is known to integrate with E. nitida and E. pulchella.

Archeria comberi, also known as the pink mountain heath or comb heath, is a small, rare shrub endemic to Tasmania, Australia. As a member of the heath family, Ericaceae, this species is generally classified as a subalpine/ alpine species and shares many characteristics with other members of the family. It is an evergreen shrub 0.15m-1m in height, with pink flowers during the summer months, hence its common name pink mountain heath. Archeria comberi is often found growing among other species such as Nothofagus gunnii and Persoonia gunnii.

<i>Orites revolutus</i> Species of plant in the family Proteaceae endemic to Tasmania

Orites revolutus , also known as narrow-leaf orites, is a Tasmanian endemic plant species in the family Proteaceae. Scottish botanist Robert Brown formally described the species in Transactions of the Linnean Society of London in 1810 from a specimen collected at Lake St Clair. Abundant in alpine and subalpine heath, it is a small to medium shrub 0.5 to 1.5 m tall, with relatively small, blunt leaves with strongly revolute margins. The white flowers grow on terminal spikes during summer. Being proteaceaous, O. revolutus is likely to provide a substantial food source for nectivorous animal species within its range.

<i>Cenarrhenes</i> Monotypic genus of plants in the family Proteaceae

Cenarrhenes is a monytypic genus in the family Proteaceae containing the single species Cenarrhenes nitida, known as the Port Arthur plum or native plum. Cenarrhenes nitida is an evergreen shrub to small tree endemic to the rainforests and scrublands of western Tasmania. It bears white flowers in late spring followed by the development of fleshy fruit.

Ozothamnus ledifolius Species of shrub

Ozothamnus ledifolius is a shrub, from the family Asteraceae and one of 54 species from the genus Ozothamnus. Harold Frederick Comber (1897–1969), an English horticulturist and plant collector, introduced Ozothamnus ledifolius in 1929 on mountains of Tasmania above 2500 ft. high from the seeds collected from 4000 ft. height.

<i>Hakea ruscifolia</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteacea endemic to Western Australia

Hakea ruscifolia, commonly known as the candle hakea, is a shrub in the family Proteacea. It has fragrant white flowers, arching branches and spiky foliage. It is endemic to an area in the Peel, Wheatbelt South West, Great Southern and the Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia.

<i>Pherosphaera hookeriana</i> Species of conifer

Pherosphaera hookeriana, or Mount Mawson pine, is a dwarf conifer endemic to Tasmania, at altitudes above 600 meters. There are roughly 30 known sites, with population numbers in the tens of thousands. The species occurs in a range of habitats typically in areas near water bodies, mostly on dolerite geology. The species is highly fire sensitive and an increase in fire events associated with climate change may lead to local extinction in some areas and fragmentation of habitat

<i>Cotula alpina</i> Species of flowering plant

Cotula alpina, also known as the alpine cotula, is a perennial herb in the family Asteraceae. It is a small flowering plant that forms ground covering mats and is well adapted to alpine environments.

Monotoca glauca, known as goldy wood, is a heath family shrub endemic to Tasmania, Australia and is one of 17 described Monotoca species. It is a widespread and abundant understory species found on the margins of wet eucalypt forests and logged areas.

<i>Trochocarpa cunninghamii</i> Species of flowering plant

Trochocarpa cunninghamii is a flowering plant species of the family Ericaceae. It is commonly referred to as straggling purpleberry due to its round flattened mauve drupe fruits. This woody shrub is usually found in the understorey of rainforests and subalpine forests in the Central Plateau and western Tasmania, and is endemic to Tasmania.

<i>Olearia ledifolia</i> Species of shrub

Olearia ledifolia, commonly known as the rock daisy bush, is a flowering shrub of the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to Tasmania and found at higher altitudes where it grows as a low, compact bush with tough leathery leaves and bears numerous small white daisy-like flowers in summer. The specific name ledifolia is derived from the Greek 'ledos' and the Latin 'folium' (leaf), referring to the hairy under surface of the leaves. It was initially described as Eurybia ledifolia by J.D. Hooker in 1860 and then as O. ledifolia by George Bentham in the 1867 census 'Flora Australiensis: a description of the plants of the Australian territory'.

<i>Dracophyllum minimum</i> Species of plant

Dracophyllum minimum, commonly known as heath cushionplant or claspleaf heath, is a species of bolster cushion plant endemic to Tasmania, Australia. It is a low growing, highly compacted plant with white flowers, commonly found in alpine areas of the south, centre and west of Tasmania.

References

  1. 1 2 Jordan, Greg. "Olearia pinifolia (Asteraceae) 2:305". Key to Tasmanian Vascular Plants. University of Tasmania. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
  2. "Olearia pinifolia (Hook.fil.) Benth". www.gbif.org. GBIF . Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  3. "Taxonomy - GRIN-Global Web v 1.10.5.0". www.narc.gov.jo. USDA . Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Smith, Andrew. "Olearia pinifolia". Understory Network. Retrieved 11 March 2021.
  5. 1 2 Newland, Jill. "Olearia pinifolia". Tasmanian Plants - Asteraceae. North Queensland Plants. Retrieved 11 March 2021.
  6. Smith, Andrew. "Olearia pinifolia". Understory Network. Retrieved 21 March 2021.