Opisthothylax | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Amphibia |
Order: | Anura |
Family: | Hyperoliidae |
Genus: | Opisthothylax Perret , 1966 |
Species: | O. immaculatus |
Binomial name | |
Opisthothylax immaculatus (Boulenger, 1903) | |
Synonyms [2] | |
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Opisthothylax is a monotypic frog genus in the family Hyperoliidae. The sole species is Opisthothylax immaculatus, also known as the gray-eyed frog . [3] [4] It is found in southern Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, western Republic of Congo, and southwestern Democratic Republic of the Congo. [2] It might also be present in the Cabinda Enclave of Angola and in the Central African Republic. [1]
Adult males measure 30–33 mm (1.2–1.3 in) in snout–vent length. The dorsal colouration is reddish-brown or orange to yellowish. In most individuals, there are two small, dark occipital spots. The ventral surfaces of the body and limbs are light yellow. The pupil is vertical and the iris light golden yellow. There is no visible tympanum. The skin is warty. The toe discs are expanded. Males have a large gular flap and a non-distensible vocal sac. [5]
Its natural habitats are closed-canopy, undisturbed rainforests. [1] It is an arboreal frog found high up in the foliage. It lays its eggs in a foam nest attached to leaves above slow-flowing streams—the only species to do so within the family Hyperoliidae. [5] The tadpoles drop to the water after hatching.
Opisthothylax immaculatus is a widespread species, but its population density is low. Habitat loss is probably a threat to it. It occurs in the Korup National Park in Cameroon, probably also in other protected areas. [1]
The golden banana frog, golden dwarf reed frog, golden spiny reed frog, or golden leaf-folding frog is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is found in lowland coastal plains of eastern South Africa, Swaziland, and southern Mozambique. The AmphibiaWeb includes Afrixalus crotalus in this species as a subspecies, whereas the Amphibian Species of the World and the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species treat A. crotalus as a full species.
Afrixalus delicatus, the delicate leaf-folding frog, delicate spiny reed frog or Pickersgill's banana frog, is a species of frogs in the family Hyperoliidae. It is found in Southern and Eastern Africa, from eastern South Africa and Swaziland northward through Mozambique, the low altitude parts of Malawi and Tanzania, southeastern Kenya to southern Somalia.
Afrixalus equatorialis, also known as the Congo banana frog, is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is found in the central parts of the Congo Basin in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and southeastern Cameroon, and is likely to be found in the Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic too. It might be conspecific with Afrixalus nigeriensis and is closely related to Afrixalus leucostictus.
Afrixalus laevis is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is found in southern Cameroon, northern Gabon, Bioko, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and southwestern Uganda. Its range may extend to the neighboring countries. Common names smooth spiny reed frog and Liberia banana frog have been coined for it.
Afrixalus leucostictus is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is endemic to eastern and central Democratic Republic of the Congo. Its relationship with Afrixalus equatorialis is not fully understood. Common names Makese banana frog and speckled spiny reed frog have been proposed for it.
Afrixalus orophilus is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is found in Kivu in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Rwanda, and southwestern Uganda. Common names Kivu banana frog, montane spiny reed frog, and two-lined leaf-gluing frog has been coined for it.
Afrixalus weidholzi is a species of frogs in the family Hyperoliidae. Its common name is Weidholz's banana frog or Weidholz's leaf-folding frog.
Alexteroon obstetricans is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is known from southern and southwestern Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon, and it is likely to occur in adjacent Republic of the Congo. Common name frilled egg-guarding frog has been proposed for it.
Callixalus is a genus frogs in the family Hyperoliidae. It is monotypic, being represented by a single species, Callixalus pictus. It is found in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo and western Rwanda. It is sometimes known as the African painted frog.
Chrysobatrachus is a genus of frogs in the family Hyperoliidae. It is monotypic, being represented by the single species, Chrysobatrachus cupreonitens. It is endemic to the Itombwe Mountains in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Hyperolius balfouri is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is found in Cameroon, Central African Republic, northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, southwestern Ethiopia, Uganda, and western Kenya. The specific name balfouri honours J.W. Balfour, a missionary in Uganda. Common names Balfour's reed frog and Ethiopia reed frog have been coined for this species, with the latter name referring to the now-synonymized Hyperolius zavattarii. Populations from the western part of the range may be referred to the subspecies Hyperolius balfouri viridistriatus.
Hyperolius bolifambae is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is known from southeastern Nigeria, southern Cameroon, and southwestern Central African Republic, with an isolated record in northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo ; the latter record may be considered doubtful. It likely has a broader range towards south and east than currently documented, and the AmphibiaWeb includes Gabon and the Republic of the Congo in the distribution.
Hyperolius brachiofasciatus is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is known from its type locality, Ngoto in southwestern Central African Republic, from another locality in central Republic of the Congo, and from a number of localities in central Democratic Republic of the Congo. However, as of 2014, IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group considers records other than the one from the type locality erroneous, and that this species likely is a synonym of some other species. Common name Ngoto reed frog has been proposed for it.
Hyperolius camerunensis is a species of reed frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is endemic to western and southwestern Cameroon.
Hyperolius concolor, also known as the variable reed frog or Hallowell's sedge frog, is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It occurs in West and Middle Africa.
Kassina kuvangensis is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is found in south-central Angola and northern and western Zambia. Its range probably extends into the southern Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is also known as the Kuvangu running frog, Kuvango running frog, and Kuvangu kassina.
Leptopelis christyi, also known as the Christy's tree frog or Christy's forest treefrog, is a species of frog in the family Arthroleptidae. It is known with confidence from eastern and northeastern Democratic Republic of Congo, southern and western Uganda, and northwestern Tanzania. It is likely to occur in Burundi and Rwanda, possibly ranging further in East Africa. There is an isolated population in Cameroon and Gabon that might represent a distinct species. The specific name christyi honours Dr. Cuthbert Christy, a British army doctor who collected the holotype.
Leptopelis modestus is a species of frog in the family Arthroleptidae. Its common names are modest forest treefrog and plain tree frog.
Leptopelis parbocagii, also known as Lake Upemba forest treefrog or cryptic tree frog, is a species of frog in the family Arthroleptidae. It is found in Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zambia. The specific name parbocagii refers to its similarity to Leptopelis bocagii.
Phlyctimantis leonardi is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is found in west-central Africa in eastern Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, and western Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is presumed to occur in the Cabinda enclave of Angola. It might be the same species as Phlyctimantis verrucosus found further east, showing clinal variation. Frogs are medium to large, with smooth skin.