The Congo River, formerly also known as the Zaire River, is the second longest river in Africa, shorter only than the Nile, as well as the second largest river in the world by discharge volume, following only the Amazon. It is also the world's deepest recorded river, with measured depths in excess of 220 m (720 ft). The Congo-Lualaba-Chambeshi River system has an overall length of 4,700 km (2,900 mi), which makes it the world's ninth-longest river. The Chambeshi is a tributary of the Lualaba River, and Lualaba is the name of the Congo River upstream of Boyoma Falls, extending for 1,800 km (1,120 mi).
Orthochromis is a genus of relatively small haplochromine cichlids native to rivers and lakes in Eastern and Middle Africa. Most of its species are rheophilic.
Orthochromis luichensis is a species of cichlid endemic to Tanzania where it is only known to occur in tributaries of the Luiche River. This species can reach a length of 9.1 centimetres (3.6 in) SL.
Orthochromis mosoensis is a species of cichlid endemic to Burundi where it is only known to occur in the upper Malagarasi River drainage. This species can reach a length of 7.8 centimetres (3.1 in) SL.
Orthochromis rubrolabialis is a species of cichlid endemic to Tanzania where it is only known from the Majamazi River. This species can reach a length of 5 centimetres (2.0 in) SL.
Orthochromis rugufuensis is a species of cichlid endemic to Tanzania where it is only known from the upper Rugufu River system. This species can reach a length of 5.7 centimetres (2.2 in) SL.
Orthochromis uvinzae is a species of cichlid endemic to Tanzania where it is only known from its type locality at Uvinza in the middle Malagarasi River drainage. This species can reach a length of 8.6 centimetres (3.4 in) SL.
Synodontis greshoffi is a species of upside-down catfish native to the Congo Basin of Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo. It was first collected by M.A. Greshoff in Pool Malebo on the upper Congo River, and the species was named for him by the author of the first paper written about the species, Belgian ichthyologist Louise Schilthuis, in 1891.
Synodontis decorus is a species of upside-down catfish. Common names include clown catfish,clown synodontis, clown syno, clown squeaker, and barredtail squeaker.
Synodontis schoutedeni, known as the yellow marbled Synodontis, is a species of upside-down catfish native to the Congo Basin of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo. It was first described by Belgian ichthyologist Lore Rose David in 1936, based upon a holotype discovered in Basongo, in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The specific name "schoutedeni" is named after the Belgian zoologist Henri Schouteden.
Schwetzochromis neodon is a species of rheophilic cichlid endemic to the Democratic Republic of the Congo where it is only known from the Fwa River in the Congo Basin. It can reach a length of 10.7 centimetres (4.2 in) SL. It is currently the only known member of its genus, but several others that formerly were included have been moved to Orthochromis.
The spotted lungfish or slender lungfish is a species of lungfish from Middle Africa, where found in the Congo, Kouilou-Niari and Ogowe river basins. It is one of four extant species in the genus Protopterus.
Orthochromis kalungwishiensis is a species of cichlid endemic to Zambia, where it is only known from the Kalungwishi River, a major tributary of Lake Mweru in the upper Congo River basin. This species can reach a length of 9.9 centimetres (3.9 in) SL.
Orthochromis luongoensis is a species of cichlid endemic to Zambia, where it is only known from the Luongo River, a tributary of the Luapula in the upper Congo River basin. This species can reach a length of 6.3 centimetres (2.5 in) SL.
Orthochromis machadoi, the Cunene dwarf happy, is a species of cichlid native to Angola and Namibia, where it is known from the Cunene River system. This species can reach a length of 6.5 centimetres (2.6 in) SL. The specific name of this fish honours the Portuguese zoologist António de Barros Machado (1912-2002) who collected the type in Angola.
Orthochromis stormsi is a species of cichlid endemic to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where it is known from the upper Congo River basin and Lake Mweru. It has also been reported from Pool Malebo and the Regina Falls in the lower Congo River basin, but the identity of these populations requires further investigation. This species can reach a length of 10.2 centimetres (4.0 in) SL. The specific name hours the Belgian Army Lieutenant Maurice Joseph Auguste Marie Raphael Storms (1875-1941) who collected the type which he presented to the Brussels Museum.
Orthochromis torrenticola is a species of cichlid endemic to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where it is known from the Lufira drainage in the upper Congo River basin. This species can reach a length of 8.1 centimetres (3.2 in) SL.
Leptocypris weeksii is a species of cyprinid fish found in the lower Congo River, the central and upper Congo River basin, and Pool Malebo in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Leptocypris weynsii is a species of cyprinid fish found in the lower, central and upper Congo River basin and Pool Malebo in the Democratic Republic of Congo and the Central African Republic.
Polypterus polli, Poll's bichir, is a species of bichir from the Malebo Pool and the lower and central basins of the Congo River.
