The milk snake or milksnake, is a species of kingsnake; 24 subspecies are currently recognized. Lampropeltis elapsoides, the scarlet kingsnake, was formerly classified as a 25th subspecies, but is now recognized as a distinct species. The subspecies have strikingly different appearances, and many of them have their own common names. Some authorities suggest that this species could be split into several separate species. They are not venomous to humans.
Bothrops atrox — also known as the common lancehead, fer-de-lance, barba amarilla and mapepire balsain — is a highly venomous pit viper species found in the tropical lowlands of northern South America east of the Andes, as well as the Caribbean island of Trinidad. No subspecies are currently recognized.
Mastigodryas boddaerti, commonly known as Boddaert's tropical racer, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is native to tropical South America including Trinidad and Tobago.
Oxyrhopus petolarius, commonly known as the forest flame snake, is a species of mildly venomous snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to Central and South America. There are three recognized subspecies.
The emerald tree boa is a boa species found in the rainforests of South America. Since 2009 the species Corallus batesii has been distinguished from the emerald tree boa. Like all other boas, it is nonvenomous.
Corallus hortulana, previously known as Corallus hortulanus, and commonly known as the Amazon tree boa, common tree boa, garden tree boa, and macabrel, is a boa species found in South America. Previously, there were two recognized subspecies, Corallus hortulanus hortulanus, and Corallus hortulanus cooki, though the species has undergone taxonomic revision and has been broken up into several species. It is primarily nocturnal and arboreal, though it has been observed feeding and reproducing on the ground. Like all boas, it is non-venomous.
The Recife broad-nosed bat, is a species of bat from South America. It is named for the city of Recife in Brazil, where it was first recorded by Oldfield Thomas in 1901.
Cuvier's dwarf caiman is a small crocodilian in the alligator family from northern and central South America. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Venezuela. It lives in riverine forests, flooded forests near lakes, and near fast-flowing rivers and streams. It can traverse dry land to reach temporary pools and tolerates colder water than other species of caimans. Other common names for this species include the musky caiman, the dwarf caiman, Cuvier's caiman, and the smooth-fronted caiman. It is sometimes kept in captivity as a pet and may be referred to as the wedge-head caiman by the pet trade community.
The silvery grebe is a species of grebe in the family Podicipedidae. It is found in the western and southern part of South America where it inhabits lakes and other types of open wetlands. There are two subspecies, which by some recent authorities are considered separate species.
The military ground snake is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to South America.
Oxyrhopus, the false coral snakes, is a genus of colubrid snakes that belong to the subfamily Dipsadinae. All 15 members of the genus are found in the northern part of South America, with the native range of the most widespread member, Oxyrhopus petolarius, extending into Central America and Trinidad and Tobago as well.
Oxyrhopus melanogenys, commonly known as Tschudi's false coral snake, is a colubrid snake species found in the northern part of South America.
Atractus is a genus of colubrid ground snakes in the subfamily Dipsadinae. The genus includes more than 140 distinct species.
Atractus albuquerquei, commonly known as the Albuquerque ground snake, is a species of small burrowing snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to South America.
Oxyrhopus guibei is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to South America. It is often called the false coral snake, but this common name can refer to any of a long list of other species, genera, and even entire families of snakes. Many nonvenomous snakes have evolved coloration that mimics that of venomous true coral snakes, a trait which helps them avoid predation.
Oxyrhopus formosus is a neotropical snake of the family Dipsadidae. Its distribution is not fully understood, because of inaccurate identifications and confusion with other Oxyrhopus species. It has been reported from Brazil, Colombia, and Peru. Reports from the Guiana region are based on misidentified O. occipitalis. Oxyrhopus formosus are robust, the head is entirely yellow, and adults are red with prominent black bands; O. occipitalis are slender, the snout is yellow and the top of head is brown, and adults are red with faint crossbands.
Rhinobothryum lentiginosum, commonly known as the Amazon banded snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to South America.
The crowned false boa is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to South America.
Boie's ground snake is a nocturnal and semi-fossorial snake species in the Colubridae family. Like the other members of the Atractus genus, its diet is composed predominantly of earthworms, which it actively hunts in the leaf litter of the primary and secondary rainforests it inhabits. The IUCN lists the species as 'Least Concern' because of its wide distribution, including in protected areas.
Atractus caxiuana is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species can be found in Brazil and Colombia. Juveniles have yellow blotches on their nasal region as well as behind their eyes, with a brown body and darker vertebral line one scale wide.
