The Pacem in Terris Peace and Freedom Award is a Catholic peace award which has been given annually since 1964, in commemoration of the 1963 encyclical letter Pacem in terris (Peace on Earth) of Pope John XXIII. It is awarded "to honor a person for their achievements in peace and justice, not only in their country but in the world", [1] and has been granted to people of many different creeds.
The award was begun in 1963 by the Davenport Catholic Interracial Council [2] of the Diocese of Davenport in the U.S. state of Iowa. Since 1976, the award has been presented each year by the Quad Cities (Davenport and Bettendorf in southeastern Iowa, Rock Island, Moline, and East Moline in northwestern Illinois) Pacem in Terris Coalition. In 2010, sponsors of the award were the Diocese of Davenport, St. Ambrose University, Augustana College, Churches United of the Quad-Cities, Pax Christi, The Catholic Messenger, the Congregation of the Humility of Mary, the Sisters of St. Benedict, the Muslim Community of the Quad Cities, and the Sisters of St. Francis. [3]
Six recipients have also received a Nobel Peace Prize. Two recipients are Servants of God, meaning that they are being reviewed by the Catholic Church for possible canonization as a saint, while a third, Mother Teresa, has been canonized as Saint Teresa of Calcutta.
Year | Image | Recipient | Nationality or Base Country | Citation |
---|---|---|---|---|
1964 | John Howard Griffin [1] (1920–1980) | United States | for his "powerful book, Black Like Me, which has showed us how we are too often judged not by the content of our character but by the color of our skin." | |
John F. Kennedy (b. 1917–1963) | United States | for having "awakened in us a hope that no problem was too great to conquer — race relations, violence or poverty — when citizens work together" (posthumously awarded) | ||
1965 | Martin Luther King Jr. (1929–1968) | United States | for having "challenged us to dream of a world transformed through nonviolent civil rights activism." | |
1966 | Sargent Shriver (1915–2011) | United States | for having "taught us that one person can indeed make a difference." | |
1967 | A. Philip Randolph (1889–1979) | United States | for his "efforts to organize railway employees convinced us that the dignity of work must be rewarded with a just wage." | |
1968 | James Groppi (1930–1985) | United States | for "waking people to the injustice of unfair housing and racial prejudice in Milwaukee." | |
1969 | Saul Alinsky (1909–1972) | United States | for having "taught people how to organize and to act together in promoting justice in society." | |
1970 | Not awarded | |||
1971 | ||||
1972 | Dorothy Day (1897–1980) | United States | for having "founded the Catholic Worker Movement and reminded us to look for Christ in the faces of the poor." | |
1973 | Not awarded | |||
1974 | Harold Hughes (1922–1996) | United States | for having "brought the message of the Gospel to the cause of equal education, civil rights and opposition to capital punishment." | |
1975 | Hélder Câmara (1909–1999) | Brazil | as "gentle shepherd of the poor of northwestern Brazil, who embraced the impoverished and gave sharp prophecy to the wealthy." | |
1976 | Mother Teresa, M.C. (1910–1997) | Albania India | who "gave hope to the desperate and offered light to those living in abject poverty." | |
1977 | Not awarded | |||
1978 | ||||
1979 | Thomas Gumbleton (b. 1930) | United States | for having "challenged church leadership to embrace nonviolence instead of the just war theory." | |
1980 | Crystal Lee Sutton (1940–2009) | United States | for having "organized labor in the South and reminded us that equal work demands equal pay." | |
Ernest Leo Unterkoefler (1917–1993) | United States | for having "advocated for the rights of workers and helped to buoy the labor movement among the poor in Appalachia." | ||
1981 | Not awarded | |||
1982 | George F. Kennan (1904–2004) | United States | for having "realized that the only hope for solving the world's problems lies in abandoning violence." | |
1983 | Helen Caldicott (b. 1938) | United States | for having " spoken on behalf of the world's children in the face of possible nuclear holocaust." | |
1984 | Not awarded | |||
1985 | Joseph Bernardin (1928–1996) | United States | "through his notion of the consistent ethic of life and the seamless garment taught us that all life is God-given and therefore precious." | |
1986 | Maurice John Dingman (1914–1992) | United States | "through his love for the land worked for peace and justice and reminded all of us of our roots in the soil." | |
1987 | Desmond Tutu (1931–2021) | South Africa | for having "helped free South Africa from the yoke of apartheid, teaching the entire world that racial injustice is sacrilege." | |
1988 | Not awarded | |||
1989 | Eileen Egan (1912–2000) | United States | "through her work with Pax Christi and Catholic Relief Services addressed the world's problems through missionary zeal and creative nonviolence." | |
1990 | Mairead Maguire (b. 1944) | United Kingdom Ireland | for having "become a global force against violence in the name of religion." | |
1991 | María Julia Hernández (1939–2007) | El Salvador | for having "directed the Human Rights Committee and spoke for the victims of the long civil war in El Salvador." | |
1992 | Cesar Chavez (1927–1993) | United States | for having "become a passionate voice for workers who have long been disenfranchised." | |
1993 | Daniel Berrigan, S.J. (1921–2016) | United States | for having "offered powerful witness on behalf of peace and justice." | |
1994 | Not awarded | |||
1995 | Jim Wallis (b. 1948) | United States | for having " brought people of faith to espouse radical social engagement." | |
1996 | Samuel Ruiz (1924–2011) | Mexico | for having "lent great courage to his fight against violence and injustice inflicted against the poor and oppressed of Chiapas, Mexico." | |
1997 | James W. Douglass (b. 1937) | United States | for having "been steadfast in their efforts to build a world of peace based on justice." | |
Shelley Douglass (b. 1940) | ||||
1998 | Helen Prejean, C.S.J. (b. 1939) | United States | "through her loving presence on death row has fostered reconciliation and spiritual healing." | |
1999 | Adolfo Pérez Esquivel (b. 1931) | Argentina | for having "inspired the world with his Gospel-rooted work on behalf of Argentina's 'disappeared ones.'" | |
2000 | George G. Higgins (1916–2002) | United States | for having "wove together communities of faith and organized labor to support economic justice." | |
2001 | Lech Wałęsa (b. 1943) | Poland | for having "become a global leader for freedom and democracy." | |
2002 | Gwen Hennessey, O.S.F. (b. 1932) | United States | for having "devoted their lives and ministry to local activism on global issues of peace and justice." | |
Dorothy Hennessey, O.S.F. (1913–2008) | ||||
2003 | Not awarded | |||
2004 | Arthur Simon (b. 1930) | United States | for having "shown how one person can make a difference alleviating world hunger." | |
2005 | Donald Mosley (b. 1939) | United States | for having "served others by offering hospitality to refugees, housing for the homeless and mediation to situations of war." | |
2006 | Not awarded | |||
2007 | Salim Ghazal (1931–2011) | Lebanon | for having "worked with Muslims and Christians to promote reconciliation, peace and hope for young people and others displaced by Lebanon's civil war." | |
2008 | Marvin Mottet (1930–2016) | United States | for having "devoted his life to walking the two feet of social action: direct service and social justice." | |
2009 | Hildegard Goss-Mayr (b. 1930) | Austria | "one of the world's leading experts on nonviolence, a teacher, visionary and pioneer who helped forge a new path toward peace on earth for all humanity." | |
2010 | John Dear (b. 1959) | United States | for having "delivered the message of the nonviolent Jesus in word and deed in confronting nuclear arms manufacturing and use." | |
2011 | Álvaro Leonel Ramazzini Imeri (b. 1947) | Guatemala | "for his continuing efforts on behalf of Guatemala's most vulnerable communities, the indigenous people of Guatemala." | |
2012 | Kim Bobo (b. 1954) | United States | for having "educated a nation about the prevalence of wage theft and injustice that disproportionately affects the poor amongst us." | |
2013 | Jean Vanier (1928–2019) | Canada | for having "founded L’Arche, an international, faith-based federation of communities where people with and without intellectual disabilities share life together." | |
2014 | Simone Campbell, S.S.S. (b. 1945) | United States | for having "organized the "Nuns on the Bus" Campaign in 2012 that riveted the nation's attention. She is the driving force for programs and policies that support faith, families and fairness." | |
2015 | Thích Nhất Hạnh [4] (1926–2022) | Vietnam | "honored for his lifelong commitment to peace and for his inspired, dedicated work to bridge Eastern and Western spiritual traditions." | |
2016 | Gustavo Gutiérrez, O.P. (b. 1928) | Peru | "recognized as a prominent figure in Latin American Catholicism with his book A Theology on Liberation led many to view him as the founder of liberation theology." | |
2017 | Widad Akrawi (b. 1969) | Iraq | for having "cofounded the human rights organization, Defend International." | |
2018 | Not awarded | |||
2019 | Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama (b. 1935) | Tibet | for having "worked tirelessly for peace and justice and advocates for human dignity for all in Asia." | |
Munib Younan (b. 1950) | Palestine | for having "committed to cultivating peace by building bridges among religions." | ||
2020 | Not awarded due to COVID-19 pandemic | |||
2021 | ||||
2022 | Norma Pimentel, M.J. [5] (b. 1953) | United States | "for her dedication to serving asylum seekers as executive director of Catholic Charities of the Rio Grande Valley in the Brownsville Diocese in Texas." | |
Helen Prejean is a Catholic religious sister and a leading American advocate for the abolition of the death penalty.
The Diocese of Davenport is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction, or diocese, of the Catholic Church for the southeastern quarter of the state of Iowa in the United States.
Sacred Heart Cathedral, located in Davenport, Iowa, United States, is a Catholic cathedral and a parish church in the Diocese of Davenport. The cathedral is located on a bluff overlooking the Mississippi River to the east of Downtown Davenport. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as part of the Sacred Heart Roman Catholic Cathedral Complex. This designation includes the church building, rectory, and the former convent, which was torn down in 2012. The cathedral is adjacent to the Cork Hill Historic District, also on the National Register. Its location on Cork Hill, a section of the city settled by Irish immigrants.
Pacem in terris is a papal encyclical issued by Pope John XXIII on 11 April 1963, on the rights and obligations of people and their states, as well as proper interstate relations. It emphasizes human dignity and human equality in endorsing women's rights, nuclear nonproliferation and the United Nations.
Martin John Amos is an American Catholic prelate who served as an auxiliary bishop in the Diocese of Cleveland from 2001 to 2006. He was previously Bishop of Davenport from 2006 to 2017.
St. Ambrose University (SAU) is a private Catholic university in Davenport, Iowa. It was founded as a school of commerce for young men in 1882.
Gerald Francis O'Keefe was a 20th-century bishop of the Catholic Church in the United States. He served as auxiliary bishop for the Archdiocese of Saint Paul in the state of Minnesota from 1961 to 1966 and bishop of the Diocese of Davenport in the state of Iowa from 1966 to 1993.
Donald Mosley is a co-founder of the Habitat for Humanity organization. Mosley was a Peace Corps volunteer in Malaysia and a regional director in South Korea. With a background in history, math, engineering and anthropology, he helped launch Habitat for Humanity in the 1970s. He has been on the international board of directors since 1995.
Arthur Simon was an American Lutheran minister, founder and president of Bread for the World, a citizens' lobby on hunger, which he served for almost two decades.
Gwen Hennessey, O.S.F., is a Roman Catholic Franciscan Sister and peace activist, most widely known for her protests against the School of the Americas.
María Julia Hernández was a prominent human rights advocate who tried to speak for victims of the civil war in El Salvador. She was the founding director of Tutela Legal, the human rights office of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Salvador.
Antoine Le Claire was an American military interpreter, businessman, philanthropist, and principal founder of Davenport, Iowa.
St. Mary's Catholic Church, also known as St. Mary of the Visitation Church, is a parish church of the Diocese of Davenport which is located in Iowa City, Iowa, United States. The church building and rectory were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. They were both included as contributing properties in the Jefferson Street Historic District in 2004. The parish's first rectory, which is now a private home, is also listed on the National Register as St. Mary's Rectory. It is located a few blocks to the east of the present church location at 610 E. Jefferson St.
Maurice John Dingman was an American bishop of the Catholic Church. He served as Bishop of Des Moines from 1968 to 1986.
St. Anthony's Catholic Church is a parish church in the Diocese of Davenport. The parish complex is located in downtown Davenport, Iowa, United States, at the corner of Fourth and Main Streets. It is the first church congregation organized in the city of Davenport and the second Catholic congregation, after St. Raphael's in Dubuque, in the state of Iowa. The parish buildings were listed on the National Register of Historic Places as St. Anthony's Roman Catholic Church Complex in 1984. The designation includes the church and the former school building, which is the parish's original church building and the oldest standing church building in Iowa. The designation also included the rectory, which was partially torn down in 2009. The complex was also listed on the Davenport Register of Historic Properties in 1992 as St. Anthony's Church Square. The property has been known historically as Church Square. In 2020 the parish buildings, except for the parish center, were included as contributing properties in the Davenport Downtown Commercial Historic District. Because of its recent construction date, the parish center is excluded as a contributing property.
St. Mary's Catholic Church was a parish of the Diocese of Davenport. The church building is located in the west end of Davenport, Iowa, United States, at the corner of Fillmore and W. 6th Streets. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church Complex. The designation includes the church building and rectory on the west side of Fillmore Street, and the former parochial school building and convent on the east side. A former school building operated by the parish two blocks north on West Eighth Street is also on the National Register and is listed as St. Mary's Academy. The parish ceased operations in July 2020 when it was merged into St. Anthony's Church downtown. The parish campus is being acquired by the nonprofit organization Humility Homes & Services, which is operated by the Congregation of the Humility of Mary.
Marvin Alfred Mottet was a 20th and 21st century Roman Catholic priest in the Diocese of Davenport in the US state of Iowa. He was a noted advocate of social justice causes.
Saint Irenaeus Church is a former parish of the Diocese of Davenport. The church was founded in the town of Lyons, which now the north side of Clinton, Iowa, United States. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 2010.
Simone Campbell, SSS, is an American Catholic religious sister, lawyer, lobbyist and executive director of NETWORK. She belongs to the Sisters of Social Service. She is known as an outspoken advocate for social justice.
Thomas Robert Zinkula is an American prelate of the Catholic Church who serves as Metropolitan archbishop of Dubuque in Iowa, where he first served as a priest. He served as bishop of Davenport in Iowa from 2017 to 2023.