| Pale-bellied tapaculo | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Rhinocryptidae |
| Genus: | Scytalopus |
| Species: | S. griseicollis |
| Binomial name | |
| Scytalopus griseicollis (Lafresnaye, 1840) | |
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The pale-bellied tapaculo (Scytalopus griseicollis), also known as the matorral tapaculo or rufous-rumped tapaculo, is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in Colombia and Venezuela. [2] [3]
The pale-bellied tapaculo has three recognized subspecies, the nominate Scytalopus griseicollis griseicollis, S. griseicollis gilesi, and S. griseicollis morenoi. [2] The last of these was not described until 2015. [4] Pale-bellied tapaculo was formerly considered a subspecies of Magellanic tapaculo (S. magellanicus). The putative Scytalopus infasciatus has been variously proposed as a subspecies of pale-bellied or brown-rumped (S. latebricola) tapaculos, as a synonym for Merida tapaculo (S. meridanus), and as a species in its own right ("Cundinamarca tapaculo"). [3] [5] As of 2021, it is considered "inseparable from the nominate" pale-bellied. [5]
The pale-bellied tapaculo is 10 to 11.5 cm (3.9 to 4.5 in) long. The nominate subspecies weighs 16.6 to 19.3 g (0.59 to 0.68 oz). One male S. g. morenoi weighed 17 g (0.60 oz) and two male S. g. gilesi17.5 and 18 g (0.62 and 0.63 oz). The nominate adult is mostly gray, lighter on the underside. Its back and wings are brownish gray. The rump, flanks, and vent are orange-brown. S. g. gelesi has a darker back with less brown and darker (slate gray) underparts. S. g. morenoi has a brown mantle. [5]
The pale-bellied tapaculo inhabits the Eastern Andes of Colombia. The nominate is found in Cundinamarca and Boyacá Departments. S. g. gilesi is found in Santander Department, northeast of the nominate. S. g. morenoi is found in northern Santander Department, Norte de Santander Department, and slightly into adjacent Venezuela. It inhabits low scrub in elfin forest and páramo at elevations of 2,000 to 3,900 m (6,600 to 12,800 ft). It is also, but rarely, found in montane and oak forest. Locally it can be found in Chusquea bamboo stands, and it appears to tolerate disturbed and fragmented habitat. [5]
The pale-bellied tapaculo is assumed to be insectivorous but few details of its diet or foraging phenology are known. [5]
The pale-bellied tapaculo's breeding phenology is also very poorly known. An adult S. g. morenoi was in breeding condition when collected in August and fledglings of that subspecies were collected in April, June, and September. Fledglings of S. g. gelesi were collected between June and December. [5]
The songs of pale-bellied tapaculo subspecies differ somewhat, but all are a trill, sometimes preceded by a single note . The scold call is also a trill . [5]
The IUCN has assessed the pale-bellied tapaculo as being of Least Concern. However, S. g. gelesi has a limited range and the habitat of S. g. morenoi is very badly fragmented and degraded. [1] [5]
Scytalopus is a genus of small passerine birds belonging to the tapaculo group. They are found in South and Central America from Tierra del Fuego to Costa Rica, but are absent from the Amazon Basin. They inhabit dense vegetation at or near ground-level and are mainly found in mountainous regions, particularly the Andes. They can be very difficult to see as they run through the undergrowth in a mouse-like fashion.
The neblina tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to the Andes of northern Peru.
The silvery-fronted tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama.
The white-crowned tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.
The Bolivian tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in Bolivia and Peru.
The Paramo tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in the Andes of Ecuador and southern Colombia.
The Caracas tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to Venezuela.
The Chocó tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama.
The rufous-vented tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to Peru.
The dusky tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to Chile.
The brown-rumped tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to Colombia.
The blackish tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.
The Mérida tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to Venezuela.
The Tacarcuna tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in Panama and Colombia.
The Santa Marta tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta of Colombia.
The puna tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in Bolivia and Peru.
Spillmann's tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Formicariidae. It inhabits the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador.
The Vilcabamba tapaculo is a small passerine bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to Peru.
The Perijá tapaculo is a species of passerine bird in the family Rhinocryptidae (tapaculos). Endemic to the Serranía del Perijá mountain range on the Colombia–Venezuela border, the Perijá tapaculo is found at altitudes of 1,600–3,225 metres. Its body is 10 to 12 centimetres long and its tail is about 4 cm (1.6 in) long. Specimens have long been stored in museums, but the species was described only in 2015 based on sixteen specimens found between July 2008 and February 2009. It is considered vulnerable to extinction.
The Ampay tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to Peru.
