Palencia (Senate constituency)

For the Congress of Deputies constituency, see Palencia (Congress of Deputies constituency). For the Cortes of Castile and León constituency, see Palencia (Cortes of Castile and León constituency).

Palencia
Senate of Spain Electoral constituency
Location of Palencia within Spain
Province	Palencia
Autonomous community	Castile and León
Population	158,115 (2024) [1]
Electorate	137,642 (2023)
Major settlements	Palencia
Current constituency
Created	1977
Seats	4
Member(s)	PP (3)   PSOE (1)

Palencia is one of the 59 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Senate of Spain, the upper chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency elects four senators. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Palencia. The electoral system uses an open list partial block voting, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. Electors can vote for up to three candidates.

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Senate of Spain, ^[2] with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978. ^[3] Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales. ^[4]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights. ^[5] The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights. ^{[6] [7]} Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish : Voto rogado), ^{[8] [9]} which was abolished in 2022. ^[10] 208 seats are elected using an open list partial block voting system, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. In constituencies electing four seats, electors can vote for up to three candidates; in those with two or three seats, for up to two candidates; and for one candidate in single-member districts. Each of the 47 peninsular provinces is allocated four seats, whereas for insular provinces, such as the Balearic and Canary Islands, districts are the islands themselves, with the larger—Majorca, Gran Canaria and Tenerife—being allocated three seats each, and the smaller—Menorca, Ibiza–Formentera, Fuerteventura, La Gomera and El Hierro (which comprised one single constituency only for the 1977 election), Lanzarote and La Palma—one each. Ceuta and Melilla elect two seats each. ^{[2] [3] [11] [12]} Initially, the law also provided for by-elections to fill Senate seats vacated up to two years into the legislature. ^[13]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies. ^{[14] [15]}

Senators

Senators for Palencia 1977–
Key to parties    PSOE    UCD    PP    CP    AP
Legislature	Election	Distribution
Constituent	1977	1 3
1st	1979	1 3
2nd	1982	3 1
3rd	1986	2 2
4th	1989	1 3
5th	1993	1 3
6th	1996	1 3
7th	2000	1 3
8th	2004	1 3
9th	2008	1 3
10th	2011	1 3
11th	2015	1 3
12th	2016	1 3
13th	2019 (Apr)	2 2
14th	2019 (Nov)	1 3
15th	2023	1 3

Elections

2023 general election

Summary of the 23 July 2023 Senate of Spain election results

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Jorge Domingo Martínez Antolín		PP	40,209	43.02
Y Carlos Alfonso Polanco Rebolleda		PP	38,797	41.51
Y María José Ortega Gómez		PP	38,690	41.39
Y Rosa María Aldea Gómez		PSOE	34,272	36.66
• Jesús Manuel López Infante		PSOE	31,633	33.84
• Fernando Eulogio Hernández Portela		PSOE	30,294	32.41
• Ricardo Carrancio Sangrador		Vox	10,441	11.17
• Yenifer Fernández Calleja		Vox	9,482	10.14
• Carolina González Camino		Vox	9,173	9.81
• Ester Becerril Fernández		Sumar	6,672	7.13
• Alberto Riol de Prado		Sumar	5,070	5.42
• Manuel Fidel Ramos Ibáñez		VP	3,158	3.37
• María Victoria Díaz Arranz		EV	1,125	1.20
• Natalia Martínez Antolín		PACMA	795	0.85
• Alejandro Rojo Trigueros		EV	680	0.72
• Rubén Cabezón Milla		PCTE	365	0.39
• Marta Fernández Calvo		PUM+J	346	0.37
• Julio César de Alaíz Martínez		FE de las JONS	243	0.25
• David Caballero Merino		Recortes Cero	147	0.15
• María Montserrat González Martín		CJ	122	0.13
• Óscar Córdova Molina		CJ	54	0.05
Blank ballots			1,863	1.99
Total			266,095
Valid votes			93,464	97.25
Invalid votes			2,642	2.74
Votes cast / turnout			96,106	74.59
Abstentions			32,732	25.40
Registered voters			128,838
Sources [16]

November 2019 general election

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Senate of Spain election results in Palencia

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Rodrigo Mediavilla Pérez		PP	38,609	41.01
Y Jorge Domingo Martínez Antolín		PP	37,375	39.70
Y María del Carmen Fernández Caballero		PP	34,261	36.39
Y Rosa María Aldea Gómez		PSOE	31,890	33.87
• Eduardo Santiago Calleja		PSOE	30,669	32.58
• Gema Sanfélix Boubeta		PSOE	30,051	31.92
• Luis Javier Zurro Hernández		Vox	12,071	12.82
• Luis Álvaro Villoldo Pelayo		Podemos–IU	7,654	8.13
• Elena León Hernández		Cs	7,353	7.81
• Rosa María Rebolledo Manuel		Podemos–IU	7,339	7.80
• Eduardo Velázquez Martín		Podemos–IU	6,451	6.85
• Juan José Espegel Morte		Cs	5,941	6.31
• María Llorente Tejedor		Cs	5,498	5.84
• Alba García Roldán		PACMA	1,235	1.31
• Florencio Blas Benito		PACMA	720	0.76
• Ernesto Miguel Nungesser Luengo		R. Cero–GV–PCAS–TC	616	0.65
• José Ignacio García Valdecasas Medina		PUM+J	513	0.54
• Julio César de Alaiz Martínez		FE–JONS	367	0.39
Blank ballots			2,268	2.41
Total			94,143
Valid votes			94,143	97.40
Invalid votes			2,513	2.60
Votes cast / turnout			96,656	68.39
Abstentions			44,665	31.61
Registered voters			141,321
Sources [17]

References

1. "Real Decreto 1210/2024, de 28 de noviembre, por el que se declaran oficiales las cifras de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal referidas al 1 de enero de 2024". Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 December 2024.
2. Law 1/1977 (1977) , trans. prov. 1.
3. Const. Esp. (1978) , tit. III, ch. I, art. 69.
4. Const. Esp. (1978) , tit. VIII, ch. II, art. 141.
5. LOREG (1985) , tit. I, ch. I, art. 2.
6. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. I, art. 2.
7. Carreras de Odriozola & Tafunell Sambola 2005, p. 1077.
8. LOREG (1985) , tit. I, ch. VI, art. 75.
9. Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
10. Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
11. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. II, ch. II, art. 19 & 21.
12. LOREG (1985) , tit. II, ch. III, art. 162 & 165–166.
13. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. III, art. 29.
14. RDL 20/1977 (1977) , tit. IV, art. 30–31 & 34.
15. LOREG (1985) , tit. I, ch. VI, art. 44 & tit. II, ch. V, art. 169.
16. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. 2023". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 August 2023.
17. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. November 2019. Palencia". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 August 2020.

Bibliography

• Ley 1/1977, de 4 de enero, para la Reforma Política (Law 1/1977). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 4. 4 January 1977. ISSN   0212-033X. BOE-A-1977-165. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
• Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales (Royal Decree-Law 20/1977). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 70. 18 March 1977. ISSN   0212-033X. BOE-A-1977-7445. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
• Constitución Española (Spanish Constitution). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 311. 29 December 1978 [latest version]. ISSN   0212-033X. BOE-A-1978-31229. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
• Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General (Organic Law 5/1985). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 147. 19 June 1985 [latest version]. ISSN   0212-033X. BOE-A-1985-11672. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
• Carreras de Odriozola, Albert; Tafunell Sambola, Xavier (2005) [1989]. Estadísticas históricas de España, siglos XIX-XX (PDF) (in Spanish). Vol. 1 (II ed.). Bilbao: Fundación BBVA. pp. 1072–1097. ISBN   84-96515-00-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015.

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