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Acidithiobacillus is a genus of the Acidithiobacillia in the "Proteobacteria". The genus includes acidophilic organisms capable of iron and/or sulfur oxidation. Like all "Proteobacteria", Acidithiobacillus spp. are Gram-negative. They are also important generators of acid mine drainage, which is a major environmental problem around the world in mining.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an aerobic, nonfermentative, Gram-negative bacterium. It is an uncommon bacterium and human infection is difficult to treat. Initially classified as Bacterium bookeri, then renamed Pseudomonas maltophilia, S. maltophilia was also grouped in the genus Xanthomonas before eventually becoming the type species of the genus Stenotrophomonas in 1993.
The Class Gammaproteobacteria belongs to the Proteobacteria phylum and contains about 250 genera, which makes it the most genera-rich taxa of the Prokaryotes. Several medically, ecologically, and scientifically important groups of bacteria belong to this class. It is composed by all Gram-negative microbes and is the most phylogenetically and physiologically diverse class of Proteobacteria. The word Gammaproteobacteria comes from three Greek words: the Greek letter "gamma" (γ) meaning "changeable", the word proteakos (πρωτεϊκός) "little stick", and βακτήριον, that means "bacterium", so it means "changeable little stick bacterium". The name refers to Proteus, the Greek sea god who could change his shape. These microorganisms can live in several terrestrial and marine environments, in which they play various important roles, including extreme environments like the hydrothermal vents. They generally have different shapes, like rods, curved rods, cocci, spirilla, and filaments and include free living bacteria, biofilm formers, commensals and symbionts, some also have the distinctive trait of being bioluminescent. Metabolisms found in the different genera are very different; there are both aerobic and anaerobic species, chemolithoautotrophics, chemoorganotrophics, photoautotrophs and heterotrophs.
Shewanella is the sole genus included in the marine bacteria family Shewanellaceae. Some species within it were formerly classed as Alteromonas. Shewanella consists of facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative rods, most of which are found in extreme aquatic habitats where the temperature is very low and the pressure is very high. Shewanella bacteria are a normal component of the surface flora of fish and are implicated in fish spoilage.
Sulfurimonas is a bacterial genus within the class of Epsilonproteobacteria, known for reducing nitrate, oxidizing both sulfur and hydrogen, and containing Group IV hydrogenases. This genus consists of four species: Sulfurimonas autorophica, Sulfurimonas denitrificans, Sulfurimonas gotlandica, and Sulfurimonas paralvinellae. The genus' name is derived from "sulfur" in Latin and "monas" from Greek, together meaning a “sulfur-oxidizing rod”. The size of the bacteria varies between about 1.5-2.5 μm in length and 0.5-1.0 μm in width. Members of the genus Sulfurimonas are found in a variety of different environments which include deep sea-vents, marine sediments, and terrestrial habitats. Their ability to survive in extreme conditions is attributed to multiple copies of one enzyme. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that members of the genus Sulfurimonas have limited dispersal ability and its speciation was affected by geographical isolation rather than hydrothermal composition. Deep ocean currents affect the dispersal of Sulfurimonas spp., influencing its speciation. As shown in the MLSA report of deep-sea hydrothermal vents Epsilonproteobacteria, Sulfurimonas has a higher dispersal capability compared with deep sea hydrothermal vent thermophiles, indicating allopatric speciation.
Pandoraea is a genus of Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, motile bacteria with a single polar flagellum, of the family Burkholderiaceae and class Betaproteobacteria.
Pandoraea apista is a Gram-negative, catalase-positive, aerobic, non-spore-forming, motile bacterium with a single polar flagellum, of the genus Pandoraea. The Strain CCUG 38412 was isolated from the sputum of a cystic fibrosis patient in Denmark. Pandoraea apista can cause lung disease, such as chronic lung infections, in patients who suffer from cystic fibrosis.
Pandoraea faecigallinarum is a Gram-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming bacterium of the genus Pandoraea, isolated from chicken feces.
Pandoraea oxalativorans is a Gram-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming bacterium of the genus Pandoraea.
Pandoraea pnomenusa is a Gram-negative bacterium of the genus Pandoraea.
Pandoraea pulmonicola is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, motile bacterium with a single polar flagellum, of the genus Pandoraea. P. pulmonicola is a virulent species and can be dangerous for patients who suffer from cystic fibrosis.
Pandoraea sputorum is a Gram-negative, nonfermenting bacterium of the genus Pandoraea, isolated from the sputum of a patient who suffered on cystic fibrosis. P. sputorum can deteriorate the lung function if it is not treated.
Pandoraea thiooxydans is a Gram-negative, oxidase-positive, catalase-negative, aerobic, thiosulfate-oxidizing, rod-shaped, motile bacterium with a single polar flagellum, of the genus Pandoraea, isolated from rhizosphere soils of sesame in Junghwa-dong in the Republic of Korea.
Mesorhizobium thiogangeticum is a gram-negative, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming rod-shaped bacteria from the genus Mesorhizobium which was isolated from soil near the roots of Clitoria ternatea from a Gangetic plains in India.
Chelatococcus sambhunathii is a gram-negative, aerobic catalase- and oxidase-positive motile bacteria with a single polar flagellum from the genus of Chelatococcus which was isolated from sediment of a hot sulfur spring in Orissa in India.
Rhodoplanes serenus is a Gram-negative, phototrophic, non-sulfur, motile bacterium from the genus of Rhodoplanes which has been isolated from pond water from the Sanshiro-ike pond near the University of Tokyo in Japan.
Afifella marina is a phototrophic bacterial species of the genus Afifella.
Caldimicrobium thiodismutans is a Gram-negative, thermophilic, rod-shaped, autotrophic and motile bacterium from the genus of Caldimicrobium which has been isolated from a hot spring in Nakabusa in Japan.
Marichromatium is a genus in the phylum Proteobacteria (Bacteria). The name Marichromatium derives from: Latin mare, the sea; New Latin Chromatium, a genus name; to give Marichromatium, the Chromatium of the sea, the truly marine Chromatium.
Thermanaerovibrio velox is a Gram-negative, moderately thermophilic, organotrophic and anaerobic bacterium from the genus of Thermanaerovibrio which has been isolated from cyanobacterial mat from Uzon caldera in Russia.
References
- ↑ International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology [ permanent dead link ]
- ↑ UniPort https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/93219
- ↑ List of Bacterial Names with Standing in Nomenclature https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/pandoraea
- ↑ "CIP 39188 Strain Passport—StrainInfo".
- 1 2 Wittke, Raum; Ludwig, Wolfgang; Peiffer, Stefan; Kleiner, Diethelm (1997). "Isolation and Characterization of Burkholderia norimbergensis sp. nov., a Mildly Alkaliphilic Sulfur Oxidizer". Systematic and Applied Microbiology. 20 (4): 549–553. doi:10.1016/S0723-2020(97)80025-2.
- ↑ "NCBI - Pandoraea norimbergensis".
