Panganiban, Catanduanes

Panganiban Payo
Municipality
Municipality of Panganiban
St. James the Greater Church
Flag
Map of Catanduanes with Panganiban highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Panganiban Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 13°54′N124°18′E / 13.9°N 124.3°E / 13.9; 124.3
Country	Philippines
Region	Bicol Region
Province	Catanduanes
District	Lone district
Founded	January 1, 1921
Named for	Jose Maria Panganiban
Barangays	23 (see Barangays)
Government   [1]
• Type	Sangguniang Bayan
•  Mayor	Cesar J. Robles
•  Vice Mayor	Remelito S. Cabrera
•  Representative	Hector S. Sanchez
•  Municipal Council	Members Florenio S. Angeles Luz V. Velasco Francis Karl A. Aquino Primo A. Velasco Jr. Rosalinda A. Peña Tito V. Villamor Arvin V. Atencia Jocelyn V. Cabrera
•  Electorate	8,082 voters (2022)
Area [2]
• Total	79.96 km2 (30.87 sq mi)
Elevation	63 m (207 ft)
Highest elevation	366 m (1,201 ft)
Lowest elevation	−2 m (−7 ft)
Population  (2020 census) [3]
• Total	9,713
• Density	120/km2 (310/sq mi)
•  Households	2,183
Economy
•  Income class	5th municipal income class
•  Poverty incidence	21.93 % (2018) [4]
•  Revenue	₱ 73.05 million (2020)
•  Assets	₱ 93.69 million (2020)
•  Expenditure	₱ 69.86 million (2020)
•  Liabilities	₱ 56.78 million (2020)
Service provider
• Electricity	First Catanduanes Electric Cooperative (FICELCO)
Time zone	UTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code	4806
PSGC	052007000
IDD  :  area code	+63 (0)52
Native languages	Tagalog
Website	www.panganiban-catanduanes.gov.ph

Panganiban, officially the Municipality of Panganiban, is a 5th class municipality in the province of Catanduanes, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 9,713 people. ^[3]

It is formerly known as Payo.

Etymology

Although the original name was Payo, this town has changed name from Panganiban to Payo and back again. During the last term of the late assemblyman Francisco Perfecto, Panganiban became Payo again on April 20, 1957, under Republic Act No. 1654. ^[5] Congressman Jose M. Alberto (through Republic Act 2122 enacted without executive approval April 15, 1959 ^[6] ) changed the name to Panganiban again by which it is officially known at present.

Legend has it that a boatload of seafarers from some village in the south-eastern mainland of Luzon was shipwrecked onto the shore of what is now Panganiban. The village headman, or “Payo” as he was called by the villagers, was among the shipwrecked and no one was able to return to the home village. Migrating villagers, years later, were able to ascertain the fate of their lost kinsmen when they came upon the remains of the wrecked sailboat. They settled in the place and called it “Payo” in memory of their ill-fated headman.

History

Town fiesta civic parade in front of the municipal hall

On January 1, 1921, Gov. Gen. Francis B. Harrison signed into law Executive Order No. 55 officially segregating the municipality from Viga; thenceforth she was called Panganiban, in honor of Jose Blanca Panganiban who stood as sponsor during the inauguration. She is also known as Payo, after a native herb, hamapayo and due to its brevity, the name Payo is more commonly used.

About 9,500 inhabitants populate her 7,772 km² area of vast plains and valleys painted gold with rice, of hills verdant with abaca and coconuts, and of rugged coastlines thick with mangroves. Deep within her bowels lie the richest coal deposits in the island, untapped as yet.

The pioneers were navigators and traders on commercial expeditions, descendants of the first wave of settlers from Borneo, Malay and China. In the early 13th century, another wave of seafarers, coming from southern Luzon mainland, got lost in storm, ventured inward into the mouth of Payo River and there found an Eden—and so they stayed and called this home.

The Spanish colonizers who came around 1573 indelibly left their thumbprint in Christianity to the character of Payonhon such that save for a few Christian sect. Catholicism remains the predominant religion. The church of St. James the Greater whose massive edifice built in the 18th century still stands, lording it over the other institutions serves as a testament to the people's ingenuity and perseverance; they who fashioned the building out of limestone and local materials using their own hands—a labor that took them 15–25 years to finish. Only a people of remarkably deep and unwavering faith could do such a feat. And this faith did not fail them through a series of crisis during the Japanese occupation. Miraculously, while the rest of the country reeled under atrocities committed by the Japanese, the Payonhons were relatively treated with civility by their captors until the aliens were driven out of town and annihilated by the guerrillas in Banquerohan in ruthless ambush on April 19, 1945.

Since its separation from Viga in 1921, Panganiban occupied one half of the Northern chunk of the province with the other half left to Viga in 1952, when its biggest barrio of Bagamanoc became a separate municipality of Panganiban shrunk into other slice of territory as it is now.

When the Certeza Survey came up in the 1970s, its territory was trampled upon with impunity as some of the sitios were transferred to the jurisdiction of its mother or daughter municipalities. The remaining 6,000 hectares of land area of Panganiban, 400 hectares are rice lands; 300 hectares swamp and the rest are forest of varying denudations.

Its church, built in 1720–1725, has never been substantially rebuilt. It succumbed to the earthquake of January 11, 1928, its east wall was ripped beyond repair and ugly cracks were opened in several places. The end and side walls were torn apart at the north-east corner leaving an eight-inch opening from top to bottom. A stronger earthquake may send the wall a crumbling and the church goers including the priest scamper in panic out of the church at the slightest tremor.

Tenacious and resilient as the typical Catandunganon, the town folks depend much their livelihood on fishing and agriculture.

The intermittent devastation of their money crops-abaca and copra and the inadequate facilities of irrigation system had been the main causes of the economic depression of the residents. The livelihood projects being undertaken by the government on the case-to-case basis are the only means, which the people pin their hope to bail out their miseries.

The town population of about 8,000 as of 1975 eventually decreased as a result of migration to the mainland Bicol and other part of the country and abroad, as well as, to seek for economic opportunities.

The literacy of the people is quite high due to presence of a National Vocational College in town since 1948.

Political Background

Payo had been a barrio of Viga up to January 1, 1921, when it became Panganiban (named after Jose Blanca Panganiban who was its sponsor during the inaugural ceremony) and ceased to be part of Viga per executive order. Pedro Urgel was appointed Presidente. In the ensuing election of 1922, the electorate repudiated the administration that gave Panganiban its “independence” and voted into office a political maverick who implanted the nucleus of a political opposition that was to hold sway throughout the north-eastern part, if not the whole of Catanduanes. Ignacio Aquino was the name of the first elected local executive.

Most outstanding accomplishment by local executives is the construction of the diversion canal that by-passed the local cemetery and saved it from the scouring floodwaters of the Payo River.

Geography

It is situated on the northern part of Catanduanes, with its eastern part facing the Pacific Ocean. It is bounded on the north by the municipality of Bagamanoc, on the south by the municipality of Viga, and on the west by the municipality of Caramoran which is covered by a dense forest.

The town proper is 55 kilometres (34 mi) from Virac, the capital town and commercial center of the province. Panganiban is 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Viga and 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Bagamanoc.

Bagamanoc was created from barrios of Quigaray, Hinipagan, Sukhan in the island of Panay; Lati, in the island of Lati; Bacac, Hinipaan, Bugao, Minaili and Bagamanoc of the municipality of Panganiban by virtue of Republic Act No. 491 which was approved on June 12, 1950. ^[7]

The municipal councils of Bagamanoc and Panganiban agreed on the boundary of the two towns on June 12, 1952. The agreement was approved by the provincial council of Catanduanes on July 12, 1952. The Congress formalized the agreement by passing Republic Act No. 1038 which was approved on June 12, 1954. The boundary was stated thus: ^[8]

The boundary of Panay Island between the municipalities of Bagamanoc and Panganiban is a straight line from Amontol Point to Tubigmanoc. The territory west of the line belongs to the former municipality and the territory east of the line belongs to the latter. The boundary in Panganiban Bay is a straight line from Amontol Point to the mouth of the Pangcayanan Creek. The territory north-west of the line belongs to the former and the territory south-west of the line belongs to the latter. The boundary in the mainland of said municipalities extends from the mouth of Pangcayanan Creek following the natural course of said creek up to the concrete culvert and from that point of straight line to sitio Inacban: Provided, That sitio Inacban belongs to the municipality of Panganiban.

Barangays

Panganiban is politically subdivided into 23 barangays.  ^[9] Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

• Alinawan
• Babaguan
• Bagong Bayan
• Burabod
• Cabuyoan
• Cagdarao
• Mabini
• Maculiw
• Panay
• Taopon (Pangcayanan)
• Salvacion (Poblacion)
• San Antonio
• San Joaquin (Poblacion)
• San Jose (Poblacion)
• San Juan (Poblacion)
• San Miguel
• San Nicolas (Poblacion)
• San Pedro (Poblacion)
• San Vicente (Poblacion)
• Santa Ana (Poblacion)
• Santa Maria (Poblacion)
• Santo Santiago (Poblacion)
• Tibo

Climate

Climate data for Panganiban
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Average high °C (°F)	29.1 (84.4)	29.5 (85.1)	30.3 (86.5)	31.3 (88.3)	32.2 (90.0)	32.5 (90.5)	32.2 (90.0)	32.3 (90.1)	32.1 (89.8)	31.3 (88.3)	30.6 (87.1)	29.5 (85.1)	31.1 (87.9)
Daily mean °C (°F)	25.5 (77.9)	25.7 (78.3)	26.2 (79.2)	27.1 (80.8)	28.0 (82.4)	28.3 (82.9)	28.1 (82.6)	28.2 (82.8)	27.8 (82.0)	27.2 (81.0)	26.9 (80.4)	26.1 (79.0)	27.1 (80.8)
Average low °C (°F)	22.0 (71.6)	21.9 (71.4)	22.2 (72.0)	23.0 (73.4)	23.9 (75.0)	24.1 (75.4)	24.0 (75.2)	24.1 (75.4)	23.6 (74.5)	23.2 (73.8)	23.2 (73.8)	22.8 (73.0)	23.2 (73.7)
Average rainfall mm (inches)	391 (15.4)	306 (12.0)	292 (11.5)	148 (5.8)	199 (7.8)	221 (8.7)	297 (11.7)	207 (8.1)	316 (12.4)	636 (25.0)	869 (34.2)	697 (27.4)	4,579 (180)
Source: Climate-Data.org [10]

Panganiban has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round and with extremely heavy rainfall in November and December.

Demographics

Population census of Panganiban

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1903	2,521	—
1939	10,618	+4.07%
1948	12,385	+1.73%
1960	8,311	−3.27%
1970	7,589	−0.90%
1975	7,789	+0.52%
1980	7,409	−0.99%
1990	8,344	+1.20%
1995	8,480	+0.30%
2000	8,877	+0.99%
2007	9,290	+0.63%
2010	9,738	+1.73%
2015	9,287	−0.90%
2020	9,713	+0.89%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [11] [12] [13] [14]

In the 2020 census, the population of Panganiban was 9,713 people, ^[3] with a density of 120 inhabitants per square kilometre or 310 inhabitants per square mile.

References

1.   Municipality of Panganiban | (DILG)
2. "2015 Census of Population, Report No. 3 – Population, Land Area, and Population Density" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. Quezon City, Philippines. August 2016. ISSN   0117-1453. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 25, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
3. Census of Population (2020). "Region V (Bicol Region)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved 8 July 2021.
4. "PSA Releases the 2018 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 15 December 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
5. "An Act Changing the Name of the Municipality of Jose Panganiban, Province of Catanduanes, to Payo". LawPH.com. Retrieved 2011-04-12.
6. "An Act Changing the Name of the Municipality of Payo in the Province of Catanduanes to Panganiban". LawPH.com. Retrieved 2011-04-12.
7. "An act creating the municipality of Bagamanoc in the province of Catanduanes". LawPH.com. Archived from the original on 2012-07-11. Retrieved 2011-04-09.
8. "An Act Fixing the Boundary of the Municipalities of Bagamanoc and Panganiban, Province of Catanduanes, in Accordance with the Agreement Between Said Municipalities Made on June 12, 1952, and Approved by the Provincial Board of Said Province on July 12, 1952 in Its Resolution Numbered One Hundred Twenty-three". LawPH.com. Retrieved 2011-04-11.
9. "Province: Catanduanes". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved 12 November 2016.
10. "Climate: Panganiban". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
11. Census of Population (2015). "Region V (Bicol Region)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved 20 June 2016.
12. Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region V (Bicol Region)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office . Retrieved 29 June 2016.
13. Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region V (Bicol Region)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.
14. "Province of Catanduanes". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
15. "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
16. "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 29 November 2005.
17. "2003 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 23 March 2009.
18. "City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates; 2006 and 2009" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 3 August 2012.
19. "2012 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 31 May 2016.
20. "Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. 10 July 2019.
21. "PSA Releases the 2018 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 15 December 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2022.

External links

• Philippine Standard Geographic Code
• Philippine Census Information
• Municipality of Panganiban, Catanduanes ^{[ permanent dead link ]}