The Rajya Sabha,constitutionally the Council of States,is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of India. As of 2023,it has a maximum membership of 250,of which 238 are elected by the legislatures of the states and union territories using single transferable votes through open ballots,while the president can appoint 12 members for their contributions to art,literature,science,and social service. The total allowed capacity is 250 according to article 80 of the Indian Constitution. The current potential seating capacity of the Rajya Sabha is 245,after the Jammu and Kashmir (Reorganisation) Act,2019,the seats came down to 245. The maximum seats of 250 members can be filled up at the discretion and requirements of the house of Rajya Sabha.
The Lok Sabha,constitutionally the House of the People,is the lower house of India's bicameral Parliament,with the upper house being the Rajya Sabha. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-past-the-post system to represent their respective constituencies,and they hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the President on the advice of the council of ministers. The house meets in the Lok Sabha Chambers of the Parliament House,New Delhi.
The Parliament of India is the supreme legislative body of the Republic of India. It is a bicameral legislature composed of the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha. The President of India,in their role as head of the legislature,has full powers to summon and prorogue either house of Parliament or to dissolve the Lok Sabha,but they can exercise these powers only upon the advice of the Prime Minister and their Union Council of Ministers.
The Union Council of Ministers is the principal executive organ of the Government of India,which functions as the senior decision-making body of the executive branch. It is chaired by the prime minister and consists of the heads of each of the executive government ministries. Currently,the council is headed by prime minister Narendra Modi and consists of 29 members,including the prime minister. The council is subject to the Parliament of India.
The 14th Lok Sabha was convened after the 2004 Indian general election held in four phases during 20 April –10 May 2004,which led to the formation of first Manmohan Singh ministry (2004–2009). Indian National Congress-led United Progressive Alliance won 62 more seats than previous 13th Lok Sabha. The Lok Sabha is the lower house in the Parliament of India. 8 sitting members from Rajya Sabha,the Upper House of Indian Parliament,were elected to 14th Lok Sabha after the 2004 Indian general election.
India has a parliamentary system as defined by its constitution,with power distributed between the central government and the states. India's democracy is the largest democracy in the world.
A Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district (constituency) to the legislature of State government in the Indian system of government. From each constituency,the people elect one representative who then becomes a member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA). Each state has between seven and nine MLAs for every Member of Parliament (MP) that it has in the Lok Sabha,the lower house of India's bicameral parliament. There are also members in three unicameral legislatures in Union Territories:the Delhi Legislative Assembly,Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly and the Puducherry Legislative Assembly. Only a Member of the Legislative Assembly can work as a minister for more than 6 months. If a non-Member of the Legislative Assembly becomes a Chief Minister or a minister,he must become an MLA within 6 months to continue in the job. Only a Member of the Legislative Assembly can become the Speaker of the Legislature
General elections were held in India between 25 October 1951 and 21 February 1952,the first after India attained independence in 1947. Voters elected the 489 members of the first Lok Sabha,the lower house of the Parliament of India. Elections to most of the state legislatures were held simultaneously.
Kotha Raghuramaiah (1912–1979) was a veteran Indian politician and barrister who served as the Union Cabinet minister of Defence,Civil Aviation,Petroleum &Chemicals,Tourism and Parliamentary Affairs. He is one of the longest-serving cabinet minister in the History of India. The Members of Parliament from the Lok sabha and Rajya Sabha participate in a friendly Cricket competition annually for the honor of lifting the Raghuramaiah Trophy named after him.
Jagdambika Pal is an Indian politician. He is a former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh. He was also a member of 15th Lok Sabha &16th Lok Sabha and was a member of Indian National Congress,until he resigned on 7 March 2014.
The government of the Indian state of Odisha and its 30 districts consists of an executive,led by the Governor of Odisha,a judiciary,and a legislative branch.
Elections in the state of Bihar,India are conducted in accordance with the Constitution of India. The Assembly of Bihar creates laws regarding the conduct of local body elections unilaterally while any changes by the state legislature to the conduct of state level elections need to be approved by the Parliament of India.
V. S. Sivakumar is an Indian politician who is a member of Indian National Congress and a former Minister for Health,Family Welfare and Devaswom,Government of Kerala in the Second Oommen Chandy ministry. He has represented the Thiruvananthapuram Assembly constituency in Kerala from 2011 Assembly election in Kerala to 2021. He was a member of the 13th Lok Sabha representing Thiruvananthapuram Lok Sabha constituency.
Members of the 16th Lok Sabha were elected during the 2014 Indian general election. The elections were conducted in 9 phases from 7 April 2014 to 12 May 2014 by the Election Commission of India. The results of the election were declared on 16 May 2014.
A Member of Parliament in the Lok Sabha is the representative of a legislative constituency in the Lok Sabha;the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members of parliament of Lok Sabha are chosen by direct elections on the basis of the adult suffrage. The maximum permitted strength of members of parliament in the Lok Sabha is 550. This includes the maximum 530 members to represent the constituencies and states and up to 20 members to represent the union territories. Between 1952 and 2020,two seats were reserved for members of the Anglo-Indian community. The current elected strength of the Lok Sabha is 543. The party—or coalition of parties—having a majority in the Lok Sabha chooses the Prime Minister of India.
A Member of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha is the representative of the Indian states to one of the two houses of the Parliament of India. Rajya Sabha MPs are elected by the electoral college of the elected members of the State Assembly with a system of proportional representation by a single transferable vote. Parliament of India is bicameral with two houses;Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha. Compared to the Lok Sabha,the Rajya Sabha has fewer members and its members have more restricted power. Unlike membership to the Lok Sabha,membership to the Rajya Sabha is permanent body and cannot be dissolved at any time. However every second year,one third of the members are retired and vacancy are filled up by fresh elections and Presidential nomination at the beginning of every third year.
Between 1952 and 2020,two seats were reserved in the Lok Sabha,the lower house of the Parliament of India,for members of the Anglo-Indian community. These two members were nominated by the President of India on the advice of the Government of India. In January 2020,the Anglo-Indian reserved seats in the Parliament and State Legislatures of India were discontinued by the 126th Constitutional Amendment Bill of 2019,when enacted as the 104th Constitutional Amendment Act,2019.
The 17th Lok Sabha was formed by the members elected in the 2019 Indian general election. Elections,all across India,were conducted in seven phases from 11 April 2019 to 19 May 2019 by the Election Commission of India. Counting started officially on the morning of 23 May 2019 and the results were declared on the same day.
