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Ammonoids are a group of extinct marine mollusc animals in the subclass Ammonoidea of the class Cephalopoda. These molluscs, commonly referred to as ammonites, are more closely related to living coleoids than they are to shelled nautiloids such as the living Nautilus species. The earliest ammonites appeared during the Devonian, and the last species either vanished in the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, or shortly after, during the Danian epoch of the Paleocene.
Goniatites is a genus of extinct cephalopods belonging to the family Goniatitidae, included in the superfamily Goniatitaceae. Hibernicoceras and Hypergoniatites are among related genera.
The Bactritida are a small order of more or less straight-shelled (orthoconic) cephalopods that first appeared during the Emsian stage of the Devonian period with questionable origins in Pragian stage before 409 million years ago, and persisted until Carnian pluvial event in the upper middle Carnian stage of the Triassic period. They are considered ancestors of the ammonoids, as well as of the coleoids.
Australiceras is an extinct ammonite genus from the upper part of the Early Cretaceous, Aptian stage, included in the family Ancyloceratidae.
Algerites is middle Cretaceous (Cenomanian) anisoceratid ammonoid with a close-coiled adult shell in which the whorls at that stage are in close contact, after starting off with openly coiled whorls, and in which every rib has a pair of sharp ventral tubercles.
Audaxlytoceras is an extinct genus of lytoceratid ammonites.
Arcestes is a genus of extinct ceratitid ammonites found in Triassic-aged marine strata.
Balticeras is an involute, discoidal Upper Jurassic (Oxfordian) ammonite found in England, Germany, and Switzerland, belonging to the Perisphinctidae. The shell is strongly embracing, tending to be oxyconic. Sides are gently curved, converging on a narrow to sharp ventral rim.
Oecoptychius is an extinct genus of fossil ammonite cephalopods. The species lived during the Middle Jurassic.
Clymenia is a genus in the ammonoid order Clymeniida, restricted to the Upper Devonian, characterized as with all clymeniids by a dorsal siphuncle that runs along the inside of the whorls, unusual for ammonoids.
Cenoceras is an extinct genus within the cephalopod mollusc family Nautilidae, which in turn makes up part of the superfamily Nautilaceae. This genus has been described by Hyatt in 1884. The type species is Cenoceras intermedium (Sowerby).
Agoniatitida, also known as the Anarcestida, is the ancestral order within the cephalopod subclass Ammonoidea originating from bactritoid nautiloids, that lived in what would become Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North America during the Devonian from about the lower boundary of Zlichovian stage into Taghanic event during upper middle Givetian, existing for approximately 25 million years.
Permoceras, the sole member of the family Permoceratidae, is a genus of coiled nautiloids with a smooth, compressed involute shell, whorls higher than wide, earlier whorls hidden from view. The venter is rounded as are the ventral and umbilical shoulders, the flanks flattened. The siphuncle is ventrally subcentral. The suture, which is most characteristic, has a deep, narrow pointed ventral lobe and large, asymmetrical pointed lobes on either side.
Peltoceras is an extinct ammonite genus from the aspidoceratid subfamily Peltoceratinae that lived during the later part of the Middle Jurassic.
Syringonautilidae is a family of Nautiloidea from the middle to late Triassic. Syringonautilidae comprise the last of the Trigonoceratoidea and are the source for the Nautilaceae which continued the Nautiloidea through the Mesozoic and into the Cenozoic right down to the recent. Syringonautilidae is a strictly Triassic family, derived early in the Triassic from the Grypoceratidae.
Gymnites is a genus of ammonoid cephalopod from the Middle Triassic belonging to the ceratitid family Gymnitidae. These nektonic carnivores lived during the Triassic period, Anisian age.
Germanonautilus is a cephalopod genus included in the nautilid family Tainoceratidae, found widespread in the Triassic of North America, Europe, Asia, and north Africa. The shell is a moderately involute nautilicone ; whorl section subquadrate to trapezoidal, widest across the umbilical shoulders, flanks flattened and ventrally convergent, venter flat and wide, dorsum narrowly and deeply impressed. The suture is with broad and deep lateral lobes and a shallow ventral lobe. The siphuncle is central and nummuloidal, composed of expanded segments that give a beaded appearance. Its color is usually brown-grey.
Stenopopanoceras is a genus of involute, discoidal ceratitid ammonites from the Middle Triassic that has been found on Spitsbergen and in arctic Russia and British Columbia.
Eophyllites is a genus of ammonoid cephalopods from the Lower Triassic and a predecessor of genera like Monophyllites and Ussurites.
Hammatoceras is a genus of ammonites belonging to the family Hammatoceratidae which lived during the Toarcian stage of the Early/Lower Jurassic between about 184 and 175 million year ago.
References
- Notes
- ↑ Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "Sepkoski's Online Genus Database" . Retrieved 2014-05-28.
- 1 2 "Paleobiology Database - Parapopanoceras" . Retrieved 17 December 2021.
- Bibliography
- Vladimir V. Arkadiev & Mikhail N. Vavilov 1984. Middle Triassic Parapopanoceratidae and Nathorstitidae (Ammonoidea) of Boreal Region: Internal Structure, Ontogeny and Phylogenetic Patterns. Geobios
- Arkell, et al., 1957. Mesozoic Ammonoidea, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Park L, Mollusca 4. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press.
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