Passing (film)

Last updated

Passing
Passing (film).jpg
Promotional release poster
Directed by Rebecca Hall
Screenplay byRebecca Hall
Based on Passing
by Nella Larsen
Produced by
Starring
Cinematography Eduard Grau
Edited bySabine Hoffman
Music by Devonte Hynes
Production
companies
Distributed by Netflix
Release dates
  • January 30, 2021 (2021-01-30)(Sundance)
  • October 27, 2021 (2021-10-27)(United States)
Running time
98 minutes [1]
Countries
  • United States
  • United Kingdom
LanguageEnglish
Budget$10 million

Passing is a 2021 black-and-white historical drama film written and directed by Rebecca Hall in her feature directorial debut. It is adapted from the 1929 novel of the same name by Nella Larsen. Set in 1920s New York City, the film follows the intertwined life of a black woman (Tessa Thompson) and her white-passing childhood friend (Ruth Negga). Appearing in supporting roles are André Holland, Bill Camp, Gbenga Akinnagbe, Antoinette Crowe-Legacy, and Alexander Skarsgård.

Contents

Passing had its world premiere at the 2021 Sundance Film Festival on January 30, 2021, and began a limited theatrical release on October 27, 2021, prior to streaming on Netflix on November 10. The film received acclaim from critics, who praised Hall's screenplay and direction, and performances of Thompson and Negga. The film was named one of the top ten films of 2021 by the African American Film Critics Association. [2] For her performance, Negga was nominated for the Golden Globe Award, the BAFTA and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Supporting Actress.

Plot

In 1920s New York City, Irene Redfield, a light-skinned black woman living in Harlem, meets a childhood friend, Clare Bellew, by chance at a hotel dining room. While Irene is married to a Black doctor, the also light-skinned Clare "passes" as white and has married John, a wealthy white man from Chicago.

Clare invites Irene up to her hotel room so they can talk more openly. Clare explains that after her father died, she was raised by her two white aunts and married John very young. They are interrupted by John, who openly despises and degrades Black people, unaware of his wife's or Irene's racial background. Irene leaves the hotel, angry with Clare, and refuses to respond to Clare's letter. However, after Clare unexpectedly shows up at Irene's home and apologizes for the encounter, they rekindle their friendship.

Clare, who wishes to associate with black people again, invites herself to a dance party that Irene is organizing. Most of the guests at the party find Clare charming, including Irene's husband, Brian. While there, Irene reveals Clare's secret to her friend, novel writer Hugh Wentworth, who seems less impressed with Clare than the others.

As time passes, Clare soon becomes involved in all aspects of Irene's life, joining Irene and Brian to all their outings. At first, Irene seems happy to have Clare around, but soon she becomes disillusioned with Clare, and starts to grow dissatisfied with her presence. Brian, also dissatisfied, attempts to teach his and Irene's children about racism in America, as Irene refuses to move anywhere else. However, Irene believes that the children are too young to learn about such things, inciting an argument between the two, further straining their marriage. Brian invites Clare to a tea party from which Irene purposefully excluded her.

When out shopping with her friend Felise, who is unable to pass, Irene encounters John, and hurries away as he begins to realize the truth about his wife's racial background. Irene tries to warn Clare, but decides against it when she is unable to reach her by phone.

As Brian, Irene, and Clare are on their way to Felise's Christmas party on the top floor of a six-story building, Irene asks Clare what she would do if John ever learned the truth. Clare replies that she would move back to Harlem to be with Irene, a response which Irene finds troubling. During the party, Irene remains silent, avoiding the other guests. She opens a large vertical window to smoke. Suddenly, John angrily forces himself into the apartment demanding to see Clare, who remains calm, and moves next to Irene by the window. John accuses her of being a "dirty liar" and lunges towards her, at which point Irene abruptly puts an arm across Clare's pelvis. Clare falls backwards out the window, but it is not made clear whether John pushed her, Irene pushed her, or she jumped of her own accord.

In horror, all the other guests rush outside, not knowing whether or not Clare is dead. After some hesitation, Irene slowly goes downstairs, where the police are questioning guests. Brian states that he believes John pushed Clare, but when asked, Irene asserts that she believes the fall was an accident. The film ends with the police declaring death by misadventure, Irene sobbing in Brian's arms, and Clare's body being carried away by medics.

Cast

Production

It was announced in August 2018 that Rebecca Hall would be making her directorial debut on the adaptation of the Nella Larsen novel, with Tessa Thompson and Ruth Negga set to star in the lead roles. [3] Hall had begun writing the film a decade earlier upon reflecting on her own family's history. When Hall presented her with a script version, Negga decided to collaborate in making it into a film as Negga was surprised the work was not more prominent, after having read the novel and was "completely astounded" by it. [4] Thompson stated that the film would be shot in black and white. [5] André Holland was cast in October 2019. [6] In November 2019, Alexander Skarsgård joined the cast of the film. [7]

With less than a month to go before filming production was set to begin, Hall was still $500,000 short on her desired $10 million budget, and had to apply for two grants to cover the difference. [8] Filming began in November 2019 in New York City. [9] The film is in monochrome. Benjamin Lee of The Guardian praised the use of a 4:3 aspect ratio as in this film it was "both fitting and practical given a smaller budget". [10] Into the third week of filming, the Hugh Wentworth role, originally intended for Benedict Cumberbatch, remained uncast, and budgetary realities and the tight filming timeline meant the production would need an actor who lived in New York. On November 21, Bill Camp signed on, and filming wrapped in December after a 23-day shoot. [8]

Release

Passing had its world premiere at the 2021 Sundance Film Festival on January 30, 2021. [11] Shortly after, Netflix acquired distribution rights to the film for around $15 million. [12] It also screened at the New York Film Festival on October 3, 2021. [13] [14] The film had a limited theatrical release on October 27, 2021, prior to streaming on Netflix on November 10. [15]

According to Samba TV, the film was watched in 653,000 households over its first three days of release. [16]

Reception

Ruth Negga's performance in the film garnered widespread critical praise. Ruth Negga (35373089553) (cropped).jpg
Ruth Negga's performance in the film garnered widespread critical praise.

Critical reception

On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes , 90% of 250 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 7.7/10.The website's consensus reads: "While Passing's delicate approach has a dampening effect on its story, debuting director Rebecca Hall makes the most of an impressive cast—and handles thorny themes with impressive dexterity." [17] Metacritic , which uses a weighted average , assigned the film a score of 85 out of 100, based on 46 critics, indicating "universal acclaim". [18]

Kevin Maher of The Times gave the film 4 out of 5 stars, calling it, "a mesmerizing, deeply disquieting experience." [19] Jessica Kiang, writing for Variety , wrote that the film is "unerring, deceptively delicate, quiet and immaculate, like that final fall of snow." [20] In his review for The Guardian , Peter Bradshaw praised Hall's direction, calling the film, "a very stylish piece of work from Hall." [21] Benjamin Lee of The Guardian, gave the film a negative review of 2 out of 5 stars, arguing that it had "disappointing lack of verve" and was "inert". [10]

The performances of Negga and Thompson in particular received praise. In a very positive review for the Chicago Tribune , Michael Phillips gave the film a perfect score of four out of four stars, and wrote of the performances: "What Thompson and Negga accomplish on screen in this extraordinarily detailed portrait becomes a master class in incremental revelations." [22] David Rooney of The Hollywood Reporter lauded Thompson for her "unshowy, beautifully internalized performance", and Simran Hans called Negga "magnetic" in her review for The Guardian. [23] [24] In Time Magazine 's annual best performances of the year list, Stephanie Zacharek named Negga's performance of the best of 2021. [25]

Accolades

AwardDate of ceremonyCategoryRecipient(s)ResultRef.
African-American Film Critics Association January 17, 2022Top Ten Films of 2021Passing5th place [2]
Alliance of Women Film Journalists January 25, 2022Best PictureNominated [26]
Best Director Rebecca Hall Nominated
Best Actress Tessa Thompson Nominated
Best Actress in a Supporting Role Ruth Negga Nominated
Best Screenplay, AdaptedRebecca HallNominated
Best Cinematography Eduard Grau Nominated
Best Woman DirectorRebecca HallNominated
Best Woman ScreenwriterNominated
Most Daring PerformanceRuth NeggaNominated
Artios Awards March 17, 2022 Outstanding Achievement in Casting – Studio or Independent (Drama)Laura Rosenthal and Kimberly OstroyNominated [27]
Austin Film Critics Association January 11, 2022 Best Supporting ActressRuth NeggaNominated [28]
Best First FilmRebecca HallNominated
British Academy Film Awards March 13, 2022 Outstanding British Film Nina Yang Bongiovi, Forest Whitaker, Rebecca Hall and Margot HandNominated [29]
Outstanding Debut by a British Writer, Director or Producer Rebecca HallNominated
Best Actress in a Leading Role Tessa ThompsonNominated
Best Actress in a Supporting Role Ruth NeggaNominated
Black Reel Awards February 27, 2022 Outstanding Motion Picture Nina Yang Bongiovi, Forest Whitaker, Rebecca Hall and Margot HandNominated [30]
Outstanding Director Rebecca HallNominated
Outstanding Actress Tessa ThompsonWon
Outstanding Supporting Actor André Holland Nominated
Outstanding Supporting Actress Ruth NeggaNominated
Outstanding Screenplay Rebecca HallWon
Outstanding Ensemble Kim Ostroy and Laura RosenthalNominated
Outstanding Original Score Devonté Hynes Nominated
Outstanding Emerging Director Rebecca HallNominated
Outstanding First Screenplay Won
Outstanding Cinematography Edu GrauNominated
Outstanding Costume Design Marci Rodgers Nominated
Outstanding Production Design Nora MendisNominated
Chicago Film Critics Association December 15, 2021 Best Supporting Actress Ruth NeggaWon [31] [32]
Milos Stehlik Breakthrough Filmmaker AwardRebecca HallNominated
Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association December 20, 2021 Best Supporting Actress Ruth Negga5th place [33]
Directors Guild of America Awards March 12, 2022 Outstanding Directing – First-Time Feature Film Rebecca HallNominated [34]
Florida Film Critics Circle December 22, 2021 Best Supporting Actress Ruth NeggaRunner-up [35]
Best First FilmRebecca HallRunner-up
Georgia Film Critics Association January 14, 2022Best Supporting ActressRuth NeggaNominated [36]
Golden Globe Awards January 9, 2022 Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture Nominated [37] [38]
Gotham Independent Film Awards November 29, 2021 Best Feature PassingNominated [39]
Bingham Ray Breakthrough Director Award Rebecca HallNominated
Best Screenplay Nominated
Outstanding Lead Performance Tessa ThompsonNominated
Outstanding Supporting Performance Ruth NeggaNominated
Hollywood Creative Alliance February 28, 2022 Best Supporting ActressNominated [40]
Best DirectorRebecca HallNominated
Best Adapted ScreenplayNominated
Best First FeaturePassingNominated
Independent Spirit Awards March 6, 2022 Best Supporting Female Ruth NeggaWon [41]
Best Cinematography Eduard GrauWon
IndieWire Critics Poll December 13, 2021Best FilmPassing9th place [42]
Best PerformanceTessa Thompson7th place
Best CinematographyEduard Grau8th place
Best First FeatureRebecca HallRunner-up
International Cinephile Society February 6, 2022Best Supporting ActressRuth NeggaWon [43]
Best Adapted ScreenplayRebecca HallNominated
Best Debut FeatureRunner-up
London Film Critics' Circle February 7, 2022 Supporting Actress of the Year Ruth NeggaWon [44]
British/Irish Actress of the Year Nominated
Breakthrough British/Irish FilmmakerRebecca HallWon
National Society of Film Critics January 8, 2022 Best Supporting Actress Ruth NeggaWon [45]
New York Film Critics Online December 12, 2021 Best Actress Tessa ThompsonWon [46]
Best Supporting Actress Ruth NeggaWon
Best Debut DirectorRebecca HallWon
Top Ten FilmsPassingWon
Online Film Critics Society January 24, 2022 Best Supporting Actress Ruth NeggaNominated [47]
Best Adapted Screenplay Rebecca HallNominated
Best Breakthrough Filmmaker Nominated
San Diego Film Critics Society January 10, 2022 Best Supporting Actress Ruth NeggaWon [48]
Best Adapted Screenplay Rebecca HallNominated
San Francisco Bay Area Film Critics Circle January 10, 2022 Best Adapted Screenplay Nominated [49]
Best Actress Tessa ThompsonNominated
Best Supporting Actress Ruth NeggaNominated
Satellite Awards April 2, 2022 Best Supporting Actress Nominated [50]
Best Adapted Screenplay Rebecca Hall and Nella Larsen Nominated
Screen Actors Guild Awards February 27, 2022 Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role Ruth NeggaNominated [51]
Seattle Film Critics Society January 17, 2022 Best Actress in a Supporting RoleNominated [52]
St. Louis Film Critics Association December 19, 2021 Best Supporting Actress Nominated [53]
Toronto Film Critics Association January 16, 2022 Best Supporting Actress Runner-up [54]
Best First Feature Rebecca HallRunner-up
USC Scripter Awards February 26, 2022Film AdaptationNominated [55]
Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association December 6, 2021 Best Actress Tessa ThompsonNominated [56]

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