Payena gigas

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Payena gigas
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Sapotaceae
Genus: Payena
Species:
P. gigas
Binomial name
Payena gigas

Payena gigas is a tree in the family Sapotaceae.

It grows up to 40 metres (130 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 105 centimetres (40 in). The bark is greyish to brown. Inflorescences bear up to eight flowers. The fruits are ovoid, up to 4.5 cm (2 in) long. The specific epithet gigas is from the Greek meaning "giant", referring to the tree's large size.

P. gigas is endemic to Borneo and known only from Sabah. Its habitat is hill mixed dipterocarp forests to lower montane forests from 850 metres (2,800 ft) to 1,220 metres (4,000 ft) elevation. [2]

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Payena acuminata is a tree in the family Sapotaceae. It grows up to 30 metres (100 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 75 centimetres (30 in). The bark is brown. Inflorescences bear up to 20 flowers. The fruits are ellipsoid, up to 4 cm (2 in) long. The specific epithet acuminata is from the Latin meaning "tapering to a narrow point", referring to the leaf apex. The timber is used commercially and the tree is also a source of gutta-percha. Habitat is mixed dipterocarp forests from sea-level to 400 metres (1,300 ft) altitude. P. acuminata is found widely in Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia.

Payena ferruginea is a tree in the family Sapotaceae. It grows up to 35 metres (110 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 75 centimetres (30 in). The bark is dark brown to grey. Inflorescences bear up to nine flowers. The fruits are round to ellipsoid, up to 3.5 cm (1 in) long. The specific epithet ferruginea is from the Latin meaning "rust-coloured", referring to the indumentum. The timber is used commercially. Habitat is mostly mixed dipterocarp forests from sea-level to 450 metres (1,500 ft) altitude. P. ferruginea is endemic to Borneo.

Payena grandistipula is a tree in the family Sapotaceae. It grows up to 20 metres (70 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 30 centimetres (10 in). The fruits are ovoid, up to 4 cm (2 in) long. The specific epithet grandistipula is from the Latin meaning "large stipules". Its habitat is riparian forests. P. grandistipula is endemic to Borneo and known only from Sarawak.

Payena kapitensis is a tree in the family Sapotaceae. It grows up to 35 metres (110 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 45 centimetres (20 in). The bark is dark brown. Inflorescences bear up to four flowers. The tree is named for Kapit in Malaysia's Sarawak state. Its habitat is mixed dipterocarp forests. P. kapitensis is endemic to Borneo and known only from Sarawak.

Payena khoonmengiana is a tree in the family Sapotaceae. It is endemic to Borneo and known only from Sabah.

Payena kinabaluensis is a tree in the family Sapotaceae. It is endemic to Borneo and known only from Malaysia's Sabah state.

Payena lamii is a tree in the family Sapotaceae. It grows up to 15 metres (50 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 20 centimetres (10 in). Inflorescences bear up to 10 flowers. The fruits are ellipsoid, up to 3 cm (1 in) long. The tree is named for the Dutch botanist Herman Johannes Lam. Its habitat is swamp and kerangas forests from sea level to 250 metres (800 ft) altitude. P. lamii is endemic to Borneo and known only from Sarawak.

<i>Payena leerii</i> Species of tree

Payena leerii is a tree in the family Sapotaceae. It grows up to 30 metres (100 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 60 centimetres (20 in). The bark is greyish brown. Inflorescences bear up to eight flowers. The fruits are conical, up to 4 cm (2 in) long. The tree is a source of high-quality gutta-percha. Habitat is coastal lowland forests from sea-level to 650 metres (2,100 ft) altitude. P. leerii is found widely in Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo and the Philippines.

Payena longipedicellata is a tree in the family Sapotaceae. It grows up to 30 metres (100 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 60 centimetres (20 in). The bark is black. Inflorescences bear up to three flowers. The fruits are ovoid, up to 3 cm (1 in) long. The specific epithet longipedicellata is from the Latin meaning "long pedicel", referring to the flower. Habitat is lowland mixed dipterocarp forests. P. longipedicellata is found in Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo.

Payena microphylla is a tree in the family Sapotaceae. It grows up to 45 metres (150 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 160 centimetres (60 in). The bark is black to reddish brown. Inflorescences bear up to 15 flowers. The fruits are ovoid to ellipsoid, up to 4 cm (2 in) long. The specific epithet microphylla is from the Greek meaning "small-leaved". Habitat is lowland mixed dipterocarp to montane forest, from sea level to 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) altitude. P. microphylla is endemic to Borneo.

References

  1. Olander, S.B., Rivers, M.C., Wilkie, P. & Pereira, J. 2019. Payena gigas. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T116928386A116928544. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T116928386A116928544.en. Accessed 5 April 2023.
  2. 1 2 Pereira, J.T. (April 2002). "Payena gigas A.Bruggen". In Soepadmo, E.; Saw, L. G.; Chung, R. C. K. (eds.). Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak. (free online from the publisher, lesser resolution scan PDF versions). Vol. 4. Forest Research Institute Malaysia. pp. 316, 318. ISBN   983-2181-27-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 22 December 2013.