Peltoschema | |
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Peltoschema orphana Fireblight beetle | |
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Genus: | Peltoschema Reitter, 1880 |
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Peltoschema is a genus of beetles in the family Chrysomelidae, insects also called leaf beetles. This genus contains about 94 species. [1] [2] Some mimic ladybird beetles and others are pests and can cause serious defoliation of their host plants. Peltoschema orphana (the fireblight beetle) can defoliate and kill populations of silver wattle. [3] [ failed verification ] [4] and badly damage Acacia mearnsii . [5] Peltoschemasuturalis is native to Australia and another pest of Acacias. [6]
The genus was first described by Edmund Reitter in 1880, with the type species being Peltoschema filicornis, by monotypy, [7] [8] and was redescribed in 2001 by Reid and Slipinski. [9] The taxonomic decision for the synonymy of AcacicolaLea, 1903, Pyrgoides, and Pyrgo is based on Reid and Slipinski's 2001 paper. [8] [9]
Beetles of this genus are found in all states and territories of Australia. [8]
Host plants include not only plants in the genera Acacia and Daviesia in the Fabaceae family, but also plants in the Myrtaceae and Apocynaceae families. [10]
Cucujiformia is an infraorder of polyphagan beetles, representing most plant-eating beetles. It includes species from the major superfamilies of Chrysomeloidea, Curculionoidea, Cucujoidea, and Tenebrionoidea.
The Chrysomeloidea are an enormous superfamily of beetles, with tens of thousands of species. The largest families are Cerambycidae, long-horned beetles, with more than 35,000 species, and Chrysomelidae, leaf beetles, with more than 13,000 species.
Colydiinae is a subfamily of beetles, commonly known as cylindrical bark beetles. They have been treated historically as a family Colydiidae, but have been moved into the Zopheridae, where they constitute the bulk of the diversity of the newly expanded family, with about 140 genera worldwide. They are diverse for example in the Australian region, from where about 35 genera are known; in Europe, though, only 20 genera are found and many of these only with few species.
Chrysolopus spectabilis is a species of weevil found in south-eastern Australia. It was discovered during James Cook's first voyage, and became one of the first insects to be described from Australia. The weevil measures up to 25 mm (1.0 in) long and includes distinctive metallic green and black scales. It is found only on 28 species of the plant genus Acacia.
The Chrysomelinae are a subfamily of leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae). Some 2000 species are found, with worldwide distribution. The best-known member is the notorious Colorado potato beetle, an important agricultural pest.
The Eumolpinae are a subfamily of the leaf beetles, or Chrysomelidae. It is one of the largest subfamilies of leaf beetles, including more than 500 genera and 7000 species. They are oval, and convex in form, and measure up to 10 mm in size. Typical coloration for this subfamily of beetles ranges from bright yellow to dark red. Many species are iridescent or brilliantly metallic blue or green in appearance.
Cavognathidae is a family of beetles, in the suborder Polyphaga. It contains a single genus, Taphropiestes Reitter 1875, with around a dozen species known from South America, Australia and New Zealand.
Clambidae is a family of beetles. They are known commonly as the minute beetles or the fringe-winged beetles. They are found worldwide on every continent except Antarctica.
Trachymela is a genus of beetles, commonly called leaf beetles and in the subfamily Chrysomelinae. These beetles are usually brown or black and have elytra with verrucae (bumps) and lacking striae. Trachymela can be found in all states of Australia There are over 120 species.
Calomela is a genus of beetles commonly called leaf beetles and in the family Chrysomelidae. They are specialist feeders on various species of Acacia and are not reported as a problem species. The beetles are cylindrical when compared with other leaf beetles and their larvae are globose. Calomela includes about 45 species which are found in all states of Australia.
Rhytiphora bankii is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1775, under the genus Lamia. It is known from Australia, the Philippines, Borneo, Java, Micronesia, New Guinea, Hawaii, Moluccas, Sumatra, Vietnam, and has been introduced into Japan. The Australian species of Prosoplus were synonymised with Rhytiphora in 2013.
Phratora laticollis is a species of leaf beetle found in Europe and Asia. This beetle is found on Populus species and the chemistry and production of its larval defensive secretions and host plant relationships have been studied extensively.
Typophorini is a tribe of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. The tribe contains approximately 100 genera, which are found worldwide. Members of the tribe are mainly characterized by notches on the tibiae of the middle and hind legs, which are sometimes referred to as antenna cleaners. They also generally have a subglabrous body, as well as bifid pretarsal claws.
Eupales is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. The genus contains only one species, Eupales ulema, which is found in Southeast Europe, mostly in Hungary, the Balkan Peninsula, and Turkey. Eupales is recognised as a primitive member of Eumolpinae, and it shares some features with the Spilopyrinae.
Dematochroma is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is mostly distributed in New Caledonia, though it is also found on Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island and Timor. Adult beetles are often found at night feeding on leaves, and the larvae eat roots. It is possible the genus is polyphyletic or paraphyletic.
Myrabolia is the only genus in the beetle family Myraboliidae. It has about 13 species, found in Australia.
Bromiini is a tribe of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. The tribe contains approximately 120 genera, which are found worldwide. They are generally thought to be an artificial group, often with a subcylindrical prothorax without lateral ridges and covered with setae or scales.
Calomela bartoni is a beetle in the Chrysomelidae family, which is found in New South Wales and Victoria.
Chalcomela splendens is a beetle in the Chrysomelidae family, found in South Australia.
Sinaspidytes is a genus of aquatic beetles in Aspidytidae, first recorded in 2003 from specimens in the Shaanxi province, China. It is monotypic, with the only species being Sinaspidytes wrasei. Originally this species was placed in the genus Aspidytes with a second species from South Africa, but was later transferred to Sinaspidytes. The genus contains the single species S. wrasei. The aquatic beetle is 4.8 - 5.2 mm long and lives in hygropetric habitats.