| Phyllodytes | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Phyllodytes luteolus | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Hylidae |
| Subfamily: | Hylinae |
| Genus: | Phyllodytes Wagler, 1830 |
| Type species | |
| Hyla luteola Wied-Neuwied, 1824 | |
| Species | |
12, see text. | |
| Synonyms | |
AmphodusPeters, 1873 "1872" Contents | |
Phyllodytes is a genus of frogs (heart-tongued frogs) in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to eastern Brazil. [1]
Based on genetic evidence, genus Phytotriades was erected in 2009 to remedy polyphyly of Phyllodytes as then defined. [2] [3] It remains to be elucidated which Phyllodytes species, apart from Phytotriades (=Phyllodytes) auratus, the type species of the genus Phytotriades, might belong to Phytotriades instead of Phyllodytes. [3] With Phytotriades auratus from Trinidad and Venezuela placed in its own genus, the remaining Phyllodytes species are all endemic to Brazil. [1] [4]
These are small arboreal frogs which live and breed exclusively on epiphytic bromeliad plants. They have large odontoids ("fangs") on the dentaries. [2] [5] Male Phyllodytes do vocalize, in contrast to Phytotriades. [2]
This genus includes 14 species: [1]
| Binomial name and author | Common name |
|---|---|
| Phyllodytes acuminatus Bokermann, 1966 | Alagoas heart-tongued frog |
| Phyllodytes amadoi Vörös, Dias, and Solé, 2017 | |
| Phyllodytes brevirostris Peixoto & Cruz, 1988 | Alhandra heart-tongued frog |
| Phyllodytes edelmoi Peixoto, Caramaschi & Freire, 2003 | |
| Phyllodytes gyrinaethes Peixoto, Caramaschi & Freire, 2003 | |
| Phyllodytes kautskyi Peixoto & Cruz, 1988 | Brazilian heart-tongued frog |
| Phyllodytes luteolus Wied-Neuwied, 1824 | yellow heart-tongued frog |
| Phyllodytes maculosus Cruz, Feio & Cardoso, 2007 | |
| Phyllodytes megatympanum Marciano, Lantyer-Silva & Solé, 2017 | |
| Phyllodytes melanomystax Caramaschi, da Silva & Britto-Pereira, 1992 | Bahia heart-tongued frog |
| Phyllodytes praeceptor Orrico, Dias, and Marciano, 2018 | |
| Phyllodytes punctatus Caramaschi & Peixoto, 2004 | |
| Phyllodytes tuberculosus Bokermann, 1966 | Maracas heart-tongued frog |
| Phyllodytes wuchereri Peters, 1873 | |
AmphibiaWeb continues to include Phytotriades auratus in this genus. [6]
Osteopilus is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. These species have a bony co-ossification on the skull resulting in a casque, hence its name ‘bone-cap’, from osteo- (‘bone’) and the Greek pilos. Color varies between uniform brown, brown-gray, or olive with darker markings or marbled with greens, grays or brown, making a distinct pattern. The finger disks are round; the fingers with a reduced webbing; eyes and tympanum are large. Their natural range includes the Greater Antilles and the Bahamas, but O. septentrionalis has also been introduced to the Lesser Antilles, Hawaii and Florida (USA).
Scinax is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae found in eastern and southern Mexico to Argentina and Uruguay, Trinidad and Tobago, and Saint Lucia. These are small to moderate-sized tree frogs, drably colored. Duellman and Wiens resurrected this genus in 1992. The name originates from the Greek word skinos, meaning quick or nimble.
Tepuihyla, commonly known as Amazon tree frogs or Tepui tree frogs, is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae found in mountains of eastern and south-eastern Venezuela and Guyana, and likely in adjacent Brazil. A tepui is a table-top mountain characteristic of the Guiana Highlands.
Trachycephalus is a genus of frogs, commonly known as the casque-headed tree frogs, in the family Hylidae. They are found in Mexico, Central America, and South America. In a recent revision, the seven species of the genus Phrynohyas were included in this genus, and Phrynohyas is now considered a synonym of Trachycephalus. These frogs inhabit the canopies of tropical rainforests, where they breed in tree cavities, and seldom, if ever, descend to the ground.
Triprion is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae found in the Pacific lowlands of Mexico, the Yucatán Peninsula, and Guatemala. These frogs hide in tree-holes and plug the entrance with their strange-looking, bony heads.
Pseudacris is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae found in North America ranging from the Pacific coastline to the Atlantic.
Osteocephalus is a genus of frogs, the slender-legged tree frogs, in the family Hylidae found in the Guianas, the Amazon Basin, Venezuela, Colombia, southeastern Brazil, and north-eastern Argentina. Males are warty, while females are smooth.
Nyctimantis is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. The genus is found in south-eastern Brazil as well as in the Orinoco Basin in Venezuela, Colombia, and Brazil. These are tree-dwelling species usually hiding in the cisterns of epiphytic bromeliads. The top of the head carries a bony plate which is fused with the skin.
Ansonia is a genus of true toads found in south India, northern Thailand, Malay Peninsula, Tioman Island, Borneo, and Mindanao (Philippines). These small forest species spawn in streams and have torrent-adapted tadpoles. Common name stream toads has been coined for the genus, although individual species are also being referred to as slender toads.
Nectophryne, or African tree toads, is a small genus of true toads with only two species. They are native to West and Central Africa: Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, northeastern Congo, Bioko and Equatorial Guinea. Nectophryne afra uses small bodies of water to lay its eggs which are then guarded by the male.
Oreophrynella, commonly known as bush toads, is a genus of true toads native to the tepuis of southern Venezuela and adjacent Guyana. The distribution of some species is restricted to a couple of tepuis or even a single tepui, as in the case of Oreophrynella weiassipuensis, which occurs on Wei-Assipu-tepui.
Osornophryne is a genus of true toads endemic to the Cordillera Central in Colombia and central Andes in Ecuador.
Cophixalus is a genus of microhylid frogs. These are arboreal species with expanded toe-pads, endemic to Moluccan Islands, New Guinea and northeastern Queensland, Australia.
Oreophryne, the cross frogs, is a genus of microhylid frogs endemic to Southern Philippine, Celebes and the Lesser Sunda Islands, and New Guinea.
Elachistocleis is a genus of microhylid frogs found in southern America from Panama southwards. Their common name is oval frogs, although for historic reasons not all species are named so.
Dendropsophus is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. They are distributed in Central and South America, from southern Mexico to northern Argentina and Uruguay. They are sometimes known under the common name Fitzinger neotropical treefrogs or yellow treefrogs
Corythomantis is a small genus of hylid frogs endemic to northeastern Brazil. It was monotypic until description of a second species, Corythomantis galeata in 2012, though this species was later moved to Nyctimantis. Corythomantis botoque was described in 2021. These frogs are sometimes known under common name Greening's frogs.
Phytotriades is a genus of tree frogs in the family Hylidae. As currently delimited, the genus is monotypic and contains Phytotriades auratus, commonly known as the golden tree frog, bromeliad-dwelling treefrog, El Tucuche golden tree frog, or Trinidad heart-tongued frog.
Phyllodytes punctatus is a species of frogs in the family Hylidae endemic to Brazil. People have seen it as high as 140 meters above sea level.
Phyllodytes amadoi is a frog in the family Hylidae, endemic to Brazil. It lives in the Atlantic rainforest. Scientists know it exclusively from the type locality, which is in Bahia, but its range is likely to be much wider.