| Physetocaris | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Crustacea |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Decapoda |
| Infraorder: | Caridea |
| Superfamily: | Physetocaridoidea Chace, 1940 |
| Family: | Physetocarididae Chace, 1940 |
| Genus: | Physetocaris Chace, 1940 |
| Species: | P. microphthalma |
| Binomial name | |
| Physetocaris microphthalma Chace, 1940 | |
Physetocaris is a monotypic genus of caridean shrimp, containing a single species, [1] Physetocaris microphthalma.
Physetocaris microphthalma is placed in its own family (Physetocarididae) and superfamily (Physetocaridoidea). [1] The genus and species were described in 1940 by Fenner A. Chace Jr.
Adults have no eyes, and are missing the last segment of the first pereiopod, which is therefore unable to form a claw. [2] They also have reduced gills and mouthparts, and no exopods on the pereiopods. [2] The carapace is enlarged, and forms a tall rostrum. [2]
P. microphthalma is rare, with only 35 specimens counted in a 1985 review. [2] Although very poorly known, the distribution of Physetocaris appears to be very wide. In addition to specimens from both western and eastern parts of the Atlantic Ocean, [3] [4] it has been found in the southern Pacific Ocean. [5]
The Caridea, commonly known as caridean shrimp, are an infraorder of shrimp within the order Decapoda. They are found widely around the world in both fresh and salt water.
The Decapoda or decapods are an order of crustaceans within the class Malacostraca, including many familiar groups, such as crayfish, crabs, lobsters, prawns, and shrimp. Most decapods are scavengers. The order is estimated to contain nearly 15,000 species in around 2,700 genera, with around 3,300 fossil species. Nearly half of these species are crabs, with the shrimp and Anomura including hermit crabs, porcelain crabs, squat lobsters making up the bulk of the remainder. The earliest fossil decapod is the Devonian Palaeopalaemon.
The Stenopodidea or boxer shrimps are a small group of decapod crustaceans. Often confused with shrimp or prawns, they are neither, but belong in a group closer to the reptant decapods, such as lobsters and crabs. They can be easily recognized by their third pereiopod, which is greatly enlarged, while for lobsters and crabs, it is the first pereiopod that is much bigger than the others. There are 71 extant species currently recognized, divided into 12 genera. Three fossil species are also recognized, each belonging to a separate genus. The earliest fossil assigned to the Stenopodidea is Devonostenopus pennsylvaniensis from the Devonian. Until D. pennsylvaniensis was discovered, the oldest known member of the group was Jilinicaris chinensis from the Late Cretaceous.
Typhlocaris is a genus of blind cave-dwelling shrimp, placed in its own family, Typhlocarididae. It contains 4 species:
Alpheidae is a family of caridean snapping shrimp, characterized by having asymmetrical claws, the larger of which is typically capable of producing a loud snapping sound. Other common names for animals in the group are pistol shrimp or alpheid shrimp.
Squilla mantis is a species of mantis shrimp found in shallow coastal areas of the Mediterranean Sea and the Eastern Atlantic Ocean: it is also known as "pacchero" or "canocchia". Its abundance has led to it being the only commercially fished mantis shrimp in the Mediterranean.
Psalidopus is a genus of shrimp placed in its own family, Psalidopodidae, and superfamily, Psalidopodoidea. It comprises three species, one in the western Atlantic Ocean, and two in the Indo-Pacific.
Galatheacaris abyssalis is a rare species of shrimp, now thought to be a larval stage of another genus, Eugonatonotus.
Fenner Albert Chace Jr. was an American carcinologist. He was born in Fall River, Massachusetts, and studied at Harvard University, before becoming a curator at that university's Museum of Comparative Zoology. In his own words, he "served as a civilian oceanographer and commissioned officer in the Army Air Corps (subsequently transferred to the Oceanographic Unit of the U.S. Navy Hydrographic Office in Suitland, Md" during the Second World War, and afterwards, he succeeded Waldo L. Schmitt at the United States National Museum. He worked at the National Museum until his retirement in 1978, and then he continued as Zoologist Emeritus. He was "one of the most influential carcinologists of the 20th century", and named 200 taxa in the Decapoda and Stomatopoda, most of them shrimp.
Heterocarpus is a genus of deep-sea shrimp, mainly of tropical areas all over the world.
Lysmata is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. Lysmata are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting behaviors, and ability to control certain aquarium pests such as sea anemones of the genus Aiptasia. They are known to command high prices on the pet market.
Urocaridella antonbruunii, common names clear cleaner shrimp or red-white cleaner shrimp, is a species of shrimp belonging to the family Palaemonidae. It was described by A. J. Bruce in 1967. It is one of the species that are known as cleaner shrimps.
Birulia is a genus of shrimp. It is one of a group of genera that are usually treated as part of the family Hippolytidae, but have also been separated off as the family Thoridae.
Crangon septemspinosa is a species of shrimp, one of several known as the sand shrimp. It lives along the Atlantic coast of North America, from Newfoundland to Florida, at depths to 450 m (1,480 ft).
Campylonotoidea is a superfamily of shrimp, containing the two families Campylonotidae and Bathypalaemonellidae. Fenner A. Chace considered it to be the sister group to the much larger superfamily Palaemonoidea, with which it shares the absence of endopods on the pereiopods, and the fact that the first pereiopod is thinner than the second. Using molecular phylogenetics, Bracken et al. proposed that Campylonotoidea may be closer to Atyoidea. There are sixteen described species in 3 genera; no fossils are known.
Batella is a genus of snapping shrimp comprising three species:
Albunea carabus is a rare species of "sand crab" or "mole crab" in the genus Albunea. It lives in shallow, turbulent waters in sandy areas of the tropical eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
Typhlocaris galilea is a species of troglobitic shrimp in the genus Typhlocaris, and is endemic to one pool and spring that feeds it, at Tabgha in Israel. The species is critically endangered and a conservation programme has begun.
Ogyrididae is a family of decapod crustaceans consisting of 10 species.
Periclimenes, commonly known as glass shrimp or cleaner shrimp, is a commensal and often symbiotic genus of semi-transparent shrimp within the family Palaemonidae. Species of this large genus feature a wide variety of coloration and patterns, widespread distribution throughout much of the world's tropical oceans, and are often sought out for aquarium trade.