Spikethumb frogs are a genus (Plectrohyla) of frogs in the family Hylidae found in Central America from southern Mexico through Guatemala and northern El Salvador to central and northern Honduras. A major revision of the Hylidae moved an additional 21 species to this genus from the genus Hyla. The additional species moved to Plectrohyla were identified as the Hyla bistincta group, also called the Plectrohyla bistincta group; a separate group from the initial Plectrohyla guatemalensis group. This phylogenetic classification was later revised by moving the Plectrohyla bistincta group from the genus Plectrohyla into a new genus called Sarcohyla. Meanwhile, the guatemalensis group remained in Plectrohyla. They are called spikethumb because of the spike on their thumbs, which is called a prepollex. The genus name comes from the Greek word plēktron ("spur") and hyla.
Plectrohyla acanthodes is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in Guatemala and Mexico. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Plectrohyla avia, also known as the greater spikethumb frog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It occurs in Guatemala and Mexico and is found on the Pacific slopes of the Sierra Madre between southeastern Chiapas (Mexico) and southwestern Guatemala.
Sarcohyla cyanomma, also known as the blue-eyed aquatic treefrog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Mexico and only known from the northern slope of Cerro Pelón, in Sierra de Juárez in northern Oaxaca. It is feared that the species might be extinct.
Plectrohyla dasypus is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to the Sierra de Omoa in the Cortés Department of northwestern Honduras. The species range is within the Cusuco National Park.
Plectrohyla guatemalensis, also known as the Guatemala spikethumb frog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It occurs in the highlands of the Sierra Madre from southeastern Chiapas, Mexico, and eastward through the central and southwestern highlands of Guatemala to northwestern El Salvador as well as the Sierra de Nombre de Dios in north-central Honduras. It might be a composite of more than one species.
Plectrohyla hartwegi is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in the Sierra Madre de Chiapas and eastern Oaxaca in Mexico, Sierra de los Cuchumatanes in western Guatemala as well as Sierra de las Minas in eastern Guatemala, and Sierra de Omoa in southwestern Honduras. It might be a composite of two or more species.
Plectrohyla pokomchi is a species of frogs in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to central and eastern Guatemala and known from Sierra de Xucaneb and Sierra de las Minas at elevations of 1,400–1,900 m (4,600–6,200 ft) above sea level. Its specific name refers to the Poqomchi' people, a group of Indian people from the Guatemalan highlands. Common name Rio Sananja spikethumb frog has been coined for it.
Plectrohyla pycnochila – also known as the thicklip spikethumb frog or thick-lipped spikethumb frog – is a frog in the Hylidae family. It is endemic to Mexico and occurs in the Chiapas Highlands of central Chiapas state. Its natural habitats are pine–oak forests. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by logging and transformation of the forest to agricultural land. Chytridiomycosis might also be a threat.
Plectrohyla sagorum is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in the Sierra Madre de Chiapas from Chiapas (Mexico) to southwestern Guatemala, with a single record from northwestern El Salvador. Its natural habitats are cloud forests at elevations of 1,000–2,050 m (3,280–6,730 ft) above sea level. Breeding takes place in streams. It is very rare in Mexico and El Salvador but abundant at two Guatemalan sites. It is threatened by habitat loss. Chytridiomycosis might also be a threat.
Plectrohyla tecunumani is a species of frogs in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes in western Guatemala. Its specific name refers to Tecun Uman, the Guatemalan national hero. Common name cave spikethumb frog has been coined for it.
Plectrohyla teuchestes is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Guatemala and only known with certainty from its type locality on the southern slope of the Sierra de Xucaneb, in the Alta Verapaz Department. There is also a report from another locality in Alta Verapaz. Frogs from Honduras now known as Plectrohyla exquisita were formerly included in this species.
Craugastor amniscola is a species of frogs in the family Craugastoridae. It is found in western Guatemala and in Chiapas, Mexico. The specific name amniscola is derived from Latin amnis for rivulet and -cola for dweller and refers to the habitat of this species. Accordingly, common name rivulet rainfrog has been coined for it.
Craugastor matudai is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is found in the lower montane zone at elevations of 1,500–2,000 m (4,900–6,600 ft) above sea level on the Pacific versant of Mexico and Guatemala, from Cerro Ovando in southwestern Chiapas (Mexico) to Fraternidad, a village in Esquipulas Palo Gordo, central Guatemala. It is named after Eizi Matuda, Japanese–Mexican botanist who hosted Hobart Muir Smith and his wife Rozella B. Smith, the collectors of the type series from Cerro Ovando.
Craugastor rupinius is a species of frogs in the family Craugastoridae. It is found in the southeastern Mexico (Chiapas), southern Guatemala, El Salvador, and western Honduras. Common name cliffy stream frog has been coined for it.
Eleutherodactylus pipilans is a species of frog in the family Eleutherodactylidae. It is found in southern and southeastern Mexico and southwestern Guatemala.
Hartweg's climbing salamander, also known as Hartweg's mushroomtongue salamander, and Hartweg's salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is found in the north-central Chiapas, Mexico, and the adjacent Guatemalan Sierra de los Cuchumatanes.
Abronia matudai, Matuda's arboreal alligator lizard, is a species of endangered arboreal alligator lizard in the family Anguidae. The species, which was originally described in 1946 by Norman Hartweg and Joseph Tihen, is endemic to Central America.
Sarcohyla miahuatlanensis, or the Sierra Miahuatlan spikethumb frog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Mexico and only known from its type locality near Candelaria Loxicha on the Sierra de Miahuatlán in Oaxaca.
Eiji Matsuda (1894–1978) was a Mexican botanist of Japanese origin. In scholarly works, his name is generally romanised as "Eizi Matuda" following the "Kunrei" system.
