Poczobutt (crater)

Poczobutt
	Clementine mosaic
Coordinates	57°06′N98°48′W / 57.1°N 98.8°W Coordinates: 57°06′N98°48′W / 57.1°N 98.8°W
Diameter	195 km
Depth	Unknown
Colongitude	104° at sunrise
Eponym	Marcin Odlanicki-Poczobutt

Last updated August 08, 2019

Lunar Orbiter 4 image Poczobutt crater 4190 med.jpg — Lunar Orbiter 4 image

Poczobutt is a large lunar impact crater that is located on the far side of the Moon, just beyond the northwestern limb in an area occasionally brought into sight due to libration effects. This is a damaged formation that is partly overlain by several named craters. Across the rim to the north-northeast is the crater Smoluchowski. The crater Zsigmondy overlies the northeastern rim, and Omar Khayyam is located in the western part of Poczobutt's interior.

Lunar craters are impact craters on Earth's Moon. The Moon's surface has many craters, almost all of which were formed by impacts.

An impact crater is an approximately circular depression in the surface of a planet, moon, or other solid body in the Solar System or elsewhere, formed by the hypervelocity impact of a smaller body. In contrast to volcanic craters, which result from explosion or internal collapse, impact craters typically have raised rims and floors that are lower in elevation than the surrounding terrain. Impact craters range from small, simple, bowl-shaped depressions to large, complex, multi-ringed impact basins. Meteor Crater is a well-known example of a small impact crater on Earth.

Earth's Moon is an astronomical body that orbits the planet and acts as its only permanent natural satellite. It is the fifth-largest satellite in the Solar System, and the largest among planetary satellites relative to the size of the planet that it orbits. The Moon is, after Jupiter's satellite Io, the second-densest satellite in the Solar System among those whose densities are known.

Little of the outer rim of this crater remains intact, and what survives is worn and eroded. The outer rim now forms an irregular ring of peaks, broken in several locations by small craters. The most intact portion of the rim is a small arc along the eastern side. Likewise much of the interior floor is irregular due to overlying impacts or their ejecta. However, there is a level plain in the eastern half of the interior that is almost flat and featureless. This region is marked only by a few low ridges around the fringes and some tiny craterlets. A small crater at the southern edge of this plain has a flooded, featureless interior.

Most of the crater formations associated with Poczobutt are almost as eroded as the main crater. However Poczobutt H, along the outer rim to the northeast, has a sharp, well-defined rim, some terraces along the inner wall, and a higher albedo compared to the surrounding terrain.

Albedo is the measure of the diffuse reflection of solar radiation out of the total solar radiation received by an astronomical body. It is dimensionless and measured on a scale from 0 to 1.

Terrain or relief involves the vertical and horizontal dimensions of land surface. The term bathymetry is used to describe underwater relief, while hypsometry studies terrain relative to sea level. The Latin word terra means "earth."

Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Poczobutt.

Poczobutt	Latitude	Longitude	Diameter
J	56.6° N	96.8° W	24 km
R	56.0° N	103.5° W	39 km

Related Research Articles

Zsigmondy is a lunar impact crater located beyond the northwestern limb on the far side of the Moon. Attached to the southeastern rim of the crater is the crater Omar Khayyam, which lies within the much larger Poczobutt. Farther to the east, along the north rim of Poczobutt, is Smoluchowski.

Fabry is a large lunar impact crater of the form termed a walled plain. It is located on the far side of the Moon, just beyond the northeastern limb. Parts of this area are sometimes brought into view by the effects of libration, but the terrain is seen from the edge and so not much in the way of detail can be observed.

Hecataeus is a large lunar impact crater that lies near the eastern limb of the Moon. It is attached to the northern rim of the walled plain Humboldt. To the northeast is the smaller crater Gibbs. East of Hecataeus is a chain of small craters forming a line radial to Humboldt; these are designated the Catena Humboldt, named after the walled plain.

Chebyshev is a large lunar impact crater that lies in the southern hemisphere on the far side of the Moon. The somewhat smaller crater Langmuir is intruding into the east-southeastern rim of Chebyshev, forming a chain of large craters with Brouwer on Langmuir's eastern rim.

Davisson is a lunar impact crater that is located on the far side of the Moon from the Earth. This crater lies across the eastern rim of the huge walled plain Leibnitz, and the rim and outer rampart intrudes into the interior floor of Leibnitz. To the east-northeast of Davisson is the walled plain Oppenheimer, a formation only somewhat smaller than Leibnitz.

Dugan is a lunar impact crater that is located on the northern part of the Moon's far side. It lies to the southwest of the large walled plain Schwarzschild, and due north of the crater Compton.

Chapman is a lunar impact crater that lies just beyond the northwest rim of the Moon, on the far side as seen from the Earth. It lies to the northeast of the crater Rynin, and southward of the large walled plain Poczobutt.

Coulomb is a lunar impact crater that lies behind the northwestern limb, on the far side of the Moon. It is located to the west-southwest of the large crater Poczobutt, and northeast of Sarton.

Inghirami is a lunar impact crater that is located toward the southwestern limb of the Moon. It lies to the southwest of the large walled plain Schickard. Northwest of Inghirami is the wide Vallis Inghirami, a wide, straight valley that is radial to the Mare Orientale impact basin. The valley has a length of about 140 kilometers and ends at the northern edge of the crater.

Lagalla is the remnant of a lunar impact crater. Wilhelm partly overlies the northeastern rim, and Montanari is attached to the southeast. The remainder of the rim is heavily eroded, with small craters overlaying sections along most of the sides. The rim is nearly nonexistent to the south, and the most intact portion is along the northwest. Lagalla F, an irregular satellite crater, is attached to the western rim. The interior floor is uneven but relatively featureless.

Montanari is a lunar impact crater. It is located to the west-southwest of the prominent ray crater Tycho, and is attached to the southern rim of the walled plain Wilhelm. Along the northwestern side is the crater remnant Lagalla, and just to the south is the large walled plain Longomontanus.

Manzinus is a lunar impact crater that is located in the southern region of the Moon's near side. It lies less than one crater diameter to the south-southwest of the crater Mutus, and to the northwest of Boguslawsky. The latter is a crater with nearly the same dimension and a comparable appearance to Manzinus.

Hédervári is a lunar impact crater that is located in the southern part of the Moon, only a few crater diameters from the south lunar pole. It is attached to the northern rim of the larger crater Amundsen, and lies south of Hale. Due to its location, this crater is viewed nearly from the edge from Earth, which hinders the amount of detail that can be observed. It is also illuminated obliquely by the Sun, and the interior is often cloaked in shadows.

Danjon, is a lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon. It lies less than a crater diameter to the east-southeast of the larger crater Langemak. To the east-northeast of Danjon is the crater Perepelkin, and due south lies the walled plain Fermi.

Gadomski is a lunar crater on the far side of the Moon. It is located to the south of the much larger crater Fowler, and to the west of Klute.

Omar Khayyam is a lunar impact crater that is located just beyond the northwestern limb of the Moon, on the far side from the Earth. It lies in a region of the surface that is sometimes brought into view of the Earth due to libration, and under favorable lighting it can be viewed from the edge. However under such circumstances not much detail can be seen, and the crater is best viewed from orbit.

Nöther is a lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon. It is located in the far northern latitudes, to the northwest of the walled plain Poczobutt. About two crater diameters to the north-northwest of Nöther lies Niepce.

Smoluchowski is a lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon. It lies in the part of the lunar surface that is sometimes brought into view of the Earth during periods of favorable libration and illumination from sunlight, but at such times little detail can be seen as the crater is observed from the edge. Smoluchowski lies across the northern rim of the larger walled plain Poczobutt. Nearly attached to the north-northeastern outer rim of Smoluchowski is the smaller crater Paneth.

Timiryazev is a lunar impact crater that is located just to the east of the huge walled plain Korolev, on the far side of the Moon. It lies to the west-northwest of the crater Sechenov and north-northeast of Mechnikov.

Moseley is a worn lunar impact crater that lies along the western limb of the Moon. It lies just to the south of the crater Bartels, and near the north-northeastern rim of Einstein. Due to its location, this crater is viewed side-on from Earth, and not much detail can be seen. It can also become hidden from sight due to the effects of libration.

References

Andersson, L. E.; Whitaker, E. A. (1982). NASA Catalogue of Lunar Nomenclature. NASA RP-1097.
Blue, Jennifer (July 25, 2007). "Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature". USGS . Retrieved 2007-08-05.
Bussey, B.; Spudis, P. (2004). The Clementine Atlas of the Moon. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-81528-4.
Cocks, Elijah E.; Cocks, Josiah C. (1995). Who's Who on the Moon: A Biographical Dictionary of Lunar Nomenclature. Tudor Publishers. ISBN 978-0-936389-27-1.
McDowell, Jonathan (July 15, 2007). "Lunar Nomenclature". Jonathan's Space Report . Retrieved 2007-10-24.
Menzel, D. H.; Minnaert, M.; Levin, B.; Dollfus, A.; Bell, B. (1971). "Report on Lunar Nomenclature by the Working Group of Commission 17 of the IAU". Space Science Reviews. 12 (2): 136–186. Bibcode:1971SSRv...12..136M. doi:10.1007/BF00171763.
Moore, Patrick (2001). On the Moon. Sterling Publishing Co. ISBN 978-0-304-35469-6.
Price, Fred W. (1988). The Moon Observer's Handbook. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-33500-3.
Rükl, Antonín (1990). Atlas of the Moon. Kalmbach Books. ISBN 978-0-913135-17-4.
Webb, Rev. T. W. (1962). Celestial Objects for Common Telescopes (6th revised ed.). Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-20917-3.
Whitaker, Ewen A. (1999). Mapping and Naming the Moon. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-62248-6.
Wlasuk, Peter T. (2000). Observing the Moon. Springer. ISBN 978-1-85233-193-1.

Ewen Adair Whitaker was a British-born astronomer who specialized in lunar studies. During World War II he was engaged in quality control for the lead sheathing of hollow cables strung under the English Channel as part of the "Pipe Line Under The Ocean" Project (PLUTO) to supply gasoline to Allied military vehicles in France. After the war, he obtained a position at the Royal Greenwich Observatory working on the UV spectra of stars, but became interested in lunar studies. As a sideline, Whitaker drew and published the first accurate chart of the South Polar area of the Moon in 1954, and served as director of the Lunar Section of the British Astronomical Association.

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the United States Federal Government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.

The United States Geological Survey is a scientific agency of the United States government. The scientists of the USGS study the landscape of the United States, its natural resources, and the natural hazards that threaten it. The organization has four major science disciplines, concerning biology, geography, geology, and hydrology. The USGS is a fact-finding research organization with no regulatory responsibility.

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Clementine mosaic
Coordinates	57°06′N98°48′W / 57.1°N 98.8°W / 57.1; -98.8 Coordinates: 57°06′N98°48′W / 57.1°N 98.8°W / 57.1; -98.8
Diameter	195 km
Depth	Unknown
Colongitude	104° at sunrise
Eponym	Marcin Odlanicki-Poczobutt