Potassium propanoate

Potassium propanoate

Names
Preferred IUPAC name Potassium propanoate
Other names Potassium propionate; E283
Identifiers
CAS Number	327-62-8  Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	64232  N
ECHA InfoCard	100.005.749
EC Number	206-323-5
E number	E283 (preservatives)
PubChem CID	23663619
UNII	7H1F04CKTX  Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID50186368
InChI InChI=1S/C3H6O2.K/c1-2-3(4)5;/h2H2,1H3,(H,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 N Key: BWILYWWHXDGKQA-UHFFFAOYSA-M N InChI=1/C3H6O2.K/c1-2-3(4)5;/h2H2,1H3,(H,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 Key: BWILYWWHXDGKQA-REWHXWOFAC
SMILES CCC(=O)[O-].[K+]
Properties
Chemical formula	C3H5KO2
Molar mass	112.1689 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless crystalline platelets [1]
Melting point	358 to 366 °C; 676 to 691 °F; 631 to 639 K [2]
Solubility in water	soluble [1]
Solubility in ethanol	soluble [1]
Thermochemistry
Enthalpy of fusion (ΔfH⦵fus)	179 kJ/kg [2]
Hazards
GHS labelling: [3]
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H302, H317, H319
Precautionary statements	P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P272, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P330, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P501
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N  verify  (what is  YN ?) Infobox references

Potassium propanoate or potassium propionate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula K(C₂H₅COO). It is the potassium salt of propanoic acid.

Preparation

Potassium propanoate can be prepared by treating potassium carbonate with propanoic acid. ^[2]

Use

It is used as a food preservative and is represented by the food labeling E number E283 in Europe ^[4] and by the INS number 283 in Australia and New Zealand. ^[5]

Reactions

Decomposition takes place via ketonization, yielding the symmetric ketone (3-pentanone) and potassium carbonate: ^[2]

2K(O₂CEt) → K₂CO₃ + Et(CO)Et

References

1. J. I. G. Cadogan, J. Buckingham, F. MacDonald: Dictionary of Organic Compounds: First Supplement. CRC Press, 1996, ISBN   978-0-412-54110-0
2. Bui, Ly Huong; de Klerk, Arno (2014-02-13). "Thermal Behavior of Potassium C1–C12 n-Alkanoates and Its Relevance to Fischer–Tropsch". Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. 59 (2): 400–411. doi:10.1021/je400874d. ISSN   0021-9568.
3. PubChem. "Potassium propionate". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2026-02-01.
4. UK Food Standards Agency: "Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers" . Retrieved 2011-10-27.
5. Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code "Standard 1.2.4 - Labelling of ingredients". 8 September 2011. Retrieved 2011-10-27.