Pristimantis modipeplus

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Pristimantis modipeplus
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Strabomantidae
Genus: Pristimantis
Species:
P. modipeplus
Binomial name
Pristimantis modipeplus
(Lynch  [ fr ], 1981)
Synonyms [2]
  • Eleutherodactylus modipeplusLynch, 1981 [3]

Pristimantis modipeplus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. [1] [2] It is endemic to the Andes of central Ecuador in Chimborazo, Pichincha, and Tungurahua Provinces. [1] [2] [4] Common name Urbina robber frog has been proposed for it. [2] [4]

Contents

Description

Adult males measure 25–29 mm (1.0–1.1 in) and adult females 28–35 mm (1.1–1.4 in) in snout–vent length. The head is narrower than the body and slightly wider than it is long. The snout is subacuminate in dorsal view and bluntly rounded in lateral profile. The tympanum is prominent but its upper edge is concealed by the thick supratympanic fold. The finger and toe tips bear discs. Coloration is dorsally brown to reddish-brown with creamy-tan interorbital bar and sacral spot, both edged with black. The groin, axilla, and concealed parts of the thigh and shank are reddish orange to blood red. Males have pale yellow throat. The venter is dirty cream, possibly with or gray and brown marbling. The iris is gray with brown marbling and a medium reddish brown horizontal streak. Males have a subgular vocal sac. [3]

Habitat and conservation

Pristimantis modipeplus occurs in páramo grassland and sub-páramo bush land at elevations of 2,560–3,700 m (8,400–12,140 ft) above sea level. [1] [4] Specimens have been found beneath a large flat rock beside a stream and beneath clumps of dirt in a dried-up vernal pond. [3] Development presumably is direct [1] [4] (i.e., there is no free-living larval stage [5] ).

Pristimantis modipeplus is an uncommon species that is threatened by habitat loss and degradation associated with, e.g., agriculture, livestock farming, and pine plantations. It is not known to occur in protected areas. [1]

Related Research Articles

Pristimantis balionotus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Ecuador and only known from its type locality on the border between the Loja and Zamora-Chinchipe Provinces, near the crest of the Ecuadorian Andes. Common name crest robber frog has been coined for it.

<i>Pristimantis buckleyi</i> Species of frog

Pristimantis buckleyi is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found on the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador. Specifically, it occurs on the both flanks of the Cordillera Central and on the eastern flank of the Cordillera Occidental in Colombia, and on the Cordillera Real in Ecuador south Cayambe, at elevations of 2,500–3,700 m (8,200–12,100 ft) asl.

Pristimantis croceoinguinis is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the lowland Amazon rainforest of southern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, and extreme north-eastern Peru, likely also extending into the adjacent Brazil. The specific name croceoinguinis refers to the color of the inguinal spots of this frog. Common name Santa Cecilia robber frog has been proposed for it.

Pristimantis cryophilius is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the Ecuadorian Andes in the Azuay, Cañar, and Morona-Santiago Provinces. The specific name cryophilius is derived from Greek kryos for cold and philois for loving and refers to the affinity of this species for cold climate. Common name San Vicente robber frog has been coined for it.

<i>Pristimantis curtipes</i> Species of frog

Pristimantis curtipes is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the Nariño Department of southern Colombia and in the Andes of Ecuador south to Desierto de Palmira.

Pristimantis eremitus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the Cordillera Occidental in north-western Ecuador from the Cotopaxi Province northward and on western slope of the Colombian Massif in the Nariño Department, extreme south-western Colombia. The specific name eremitus is Latin for "lonely" or "solitary" and refers to this species being the only western-Andean species among its closest relatives. Common names Chiriboga robber frog and lonely rainfrog have been coined for it.

Pristimantis gentryi is a species of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to central Ecuador where it is found in a small area west of the Páramo de Apagua, Cotopaxi Province. The specific name gentryi honors Alwyn Gentry, American botanist who perished during his field work in Ecuador. Common name Pilalo robber frog has been proposed for this species.

Pristimantis gladiator is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found on the Amazonian slopes of the Andes in Ecuador and southern Colombia. Its elevational range is 2,270–2,910 m (7,450–9,550 ft) asl.

<i>Pristimantis katoptroides</i> Species of frog

Pristimantis katoptroides is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the eastern slopes of the Andes of Ecuador and Cordillera Central and eastern Andean foothills in northwestern Peru. The specific name katoptroides is Greek for "mirror-like" and refers to the similarity of this species to Pristimantis crucifer, but being found on the other side of the Andes. Common name Puyo robber frog has been proposed for it.

Pristimantis obmutescens is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Colombia and known from the páramos of Cordillera Central in the Cauca and Huila Departments. Common name paramos robber frog has been coined for it. The specific name obmutescens is Latin and means "keeping silent", inferred from the lack of vocal slits or sac in males and the thick skin covering the tympanum. Despite this, the species is reported to call.

Pristimantis ocreatus is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. Although often reported as being endemic to the Andes of northern Ecuador, it has also been reported from extreme southern Colombia ; the possibility of range extension to Colombia has been acknowledged. Its type locality is the west slope of volcano Chiles in the Carchi Province, and common name Carchi robber frog has been coined for it. These frogs have pale hands and feet, as if wearing gloves and socks—hence the specific name ocreatus, which is Latin and means "wearing leggings" or "booted".

<i>Pristimantis orcesi</i> Species of frog

Pristimantis orcesi is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the Andes of central and northern Ecuador. The specific name orcesi honors Gustavo Orcés, an Ecuadorian naturalist. Common names Orces robber frog and Bolivar robber frog have been proposed for this species.

<i>Pristimantis pycnodermis</i> Species of frog

Pristimantis pycnodermis, also known as thickskin robber frog, is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the Ecuadorean Andes and occurs in the Cordillera de Matanga in the Azuay and Morona-Santiago Provinces. The specific name pycnodermis is Greek and means "thick skin", a characteristic of this species.

Pristimantis repens, known commonly as the Galeras robber frog, is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the Colombian Massif in the Nariño Department, Colombia. The specific name repens is Latin for creeping or crawling, inferred to be its mode of locomotion based on its short limbs.

Pristimantis rhodoplichus, also known as the Canchaque robber frog, is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the Andes of southern Ecuador and northern Peru. The specific name rhodoplichus, from the Greek rhodon and plichas, refers to the rose-red color of the hidden surfaces of its thighs.

Pristimantis simonbolivari is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Ecuador and known only from the region of its type locality, Cashca Totoras, Cordillera Occidental, in the Bolívar Province. The specific name simonbolivari honors Simón Bolívar. Common name Simon's ground frog has been proposed for it.

<i>Pristimantis simoterus</i> Species of frog

Pristimantis simoterus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Colombia and known from the Cordillera Central in the Caldas, Risaralda, Quindío, and Tolima Departments. Common name Albania robber frog has been coined for it. The specific name simoterus is derived from Greek simos meaning "snub-nosed", in reference to the short snout of this species.

<i>Pristimantis unistrigatus</i> Species of amphibian

Pristimantis unistrigatus, common name: striped robber frog, is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the Andean valleys from southern Colombia to central Ecuador.

Pristimantis vertebralis is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the Andes of Ecuador and occurs in the Carchi, Imbabura, Pichincha, Cotopaxi, Bolívar, and Azuay provinces. Common name vertebral robber frog has been coined for it.

<i>Pristimantis acerus</i> Species of amphibian

Pristimantis acerus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Ecuador and known from the area of its type locality between Papallacta and Cuyujúathe in the Napo Province and from the Llanganates National Park, Pastaza Province. This species is rated as Endangered by the IUCN. Common name Papallacta robber frog has been coined for it.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 John Lynch, Luis A. Coloma, Santiago Ron (2004). "Pristimantis modipeplus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2004: e.T56771A11518036. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T56771A11518036.en . Retrieved 17 November 2021.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. 1 2 3 4 Frost, Darrel R. (2022). "Pristimantis modipeplus (Lynch, 1981)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.1. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001 . Retrieved 26 October 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 Lynch, J. D. (1981). "Leptodactylid frogs of the genus Eleutherodactylus in the Andes of northern Ecuador and adjacent Colombia". Miscellaneous Publication, Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas. 72: 1–46.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Frenkel, C.; et al. (2018). Ron, S. R.; Merino-Viteri, A. & Ortiz, D. A. (eds.). "Pristimantis modipeplus". Anfibios del Ecuador. Version 2019.0. Museo de Zoología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ). Retrieved 9 May 2021.
  5. ↑ Vitt, Laurie J. & Caldwell, Janalee P. (2014). Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles (4th ed.). Academic Press. p. 166.
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