Prudence Crandall House | |
Location | 1 S. Canterbury Rd., Canterbury, Connecticut |
---|---|
Coordinates | 41°41′52.5″N71°58′19″W / 41.697917°N 71.97194°W |
Built | 1805 |
Architectural style | Early Republic |
Part of | Canterbury Center Historic District (ID97001446) |
NRHP reference No. | 70000696 |
Significant dates | |
Added to NRHP | October 22, 1970 [1] |
Designated NHL | July 17, 1991 [2] |
Designated CP | April 10, 1998 |
The Prudence Crandall Museum is a historic house museum, sometimes called the Elisha Payne House for its previous owner. It is located on the southwest corner of the junction of Connecticut Routes 14 and 169, on the Canterbury, Connecticut village green. It is designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark as Prudence Crandall House.
The house is notable for having been the site of Prudence Crandall's Canterbury Female Boarding School. The house was empty and for sale in 1831, and Crandall purchased the house for a $500 down payment plus a $1500 mortgage. [3] The school operated from 1831 to 1833 for white students, but the admission of one black student, by all reports highly qualified, caused parents of the white students to withdraw their daughters, threatening the school's survival. Crandall closed the school and reopened it in 1833 for African-American students, whom she called "young Ladies and little Misses of color". The school was vigorously opposed by the residents of Canterbury, who feared an African-American migration. When their attempts to close it through legal methods were not immediately successful, they resorted to violence, forcing Crandall to close the school in 1834 out of concern for the students' safety. Crandall left Connecticut, never to return. For her vision and brave actions at this school, Prudence Crandall is Connecticut's official state heroine. The house was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1991.
The house was built in 1805, and "is a notable example of what has been termed the 'Canterbury type' because of several similar examples in the vicinity. It shows the peculiar roof form of gable on hip with twin chimneys, a triangular pediment at the eaves above a projecting pavilion at center of the facade, which carries a Palladian window lighting the stair hall at second floor level and an elaborate entrance doorway." [4] : 6
The main cornice around the entire house includes modillion blocks just above a Greek fret. The two front corners of the house sport "fluted pilasters on high bases", which "also flank the central pavilion, framing also in miniature the elements of the Palladian window, which exhibits keystone arches and Gothic arch muntins in the large section." The Gothic pattern is "repeated in the lunette occupying the tympanum of the roof-line pediment above, which also has modillions and Greek fret under the raking cornice." [4] : 6 The Palladian window is the combination window on the 2nd story, including a central large window with over-window plus two narrow side windows, separated by pilasters.
The foundation is of dressed stone blocks. [4] : 6
Inside, the ornamental fireplace mantel is original, as is the stairway and almost all moldings and other interior elements. [4] : 6
The house was surveyed in 1940 by the Historic American Buildings Survey, which termed it the "Elisha Payne House" and also the "Prudence Crandall School for Negro Girls", a name the school never had when open. [5]
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970. [1]
The house was studied in depth in 1981. The study "concluded that there had been only minor changes to the house since the occupancy of Prudence Crandall and that approximately 95% of the structure is unaltered." [4] : 6
The building was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1991. [2] [4]
It is located within the Canterbury Center Historic District, another listing on the National Register of Historic Places. The house is a museum and includes period rooms, changing exhibits, a small research library (available for in-house study) and a gift shop.
Canterbury is a town in Windham County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Northeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 5,045 at the 2020 census.
Prudence Crandall was an American schoolteacher and activist. She ran the Canterbury Female Boarding School in Canterbury, Connecticut, which became the first school for black girls in the United States.
The A. Everett Austin House is a historic house museum and National Historic Landmark at 130 Scarborough Street in Hartford, Connecticut. It was the home of Wadsworth Atheneum director Arthur Everett "Chick" Austin Jr. Chick Austin built the house in 1930 after seeing the Palladian Villas of the Veneto on his honeymoon. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1994, for its distinctive architectural style and for its association with Austin, the Atheneum's director 1927–1944.
The Canterbury Center Historic District is a historic district in Canterbury, Connecticut. The district is centered on the town green, located at the junction of Route 169 and Route 14. It has been the town center since 1705, and includes a fine assortment of 18th and early 19th-century architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1998.
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The House at 511 Watertown Street in Newton, Massachusetts is one of the city's finer Colonial Revival houses completed in 1897. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986 and is on the border of two of Newton's older villages: Newtonville and Nonantum.
The Old Tolland County Courthouse is a historic former courthouse at 53 Tolland Green in Tolland, Connecticut. Built in 1822 it was used as a county courthouse until the 1890s. It housed the Tolland Public Library from 1899 to 1985. Now a history museum operated by the Tolland Historical Society, the building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.
The Capt. John Clark House is a historic house on the east side of Connecticut Route 169, south of Canterbury, Connecticut. This c, 1800 enlargement of an older house is a finely crafted example of a locally distinctive style known as the "Canterbury style". The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.
The South Canaan Congregational Church is a historic Congregational church building at Connecticut Route 63 and Barnes Road in the town of Canaan, Connecticut. Built in 1804, it is a remarkably, well-preserved example of early Federal period church architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
The Glenville School is a historic school building at 449 Pemberwick Road in the Glenville section of Greenwich, Connecticut, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003. It was one of several schools built in the town in the 1920s, when it consolidated its former rural school districts into a modern school system, with modern buildings.
Payne House may refer to:
The Dr. Ambrose Pratt House is a historic house on Pratt Street in Chester, Connecticut. Built in 1820, it is a fine example of high-style Federal architecture, with a long history of associate with the locally prominent Pratt family. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.
The Amasa Day House is a historic house museum at 33 Plains Road in the Moodus village of East Haddam, Connecticut. Built in 1816, it is one of the oldest buildings in the village of Moodus, and a fine example of Federal period architecture. The house, now owned and operated by Connecticut Landmarks, has displays which showcase how the Industrial Revolution changed the daily life of American families. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.
Dow Academy was a school in Franconia, New Hampshire, United States. Founded in 1884, it served as the town's high school until 1958, after which its building, a Georgian Revival wood-frame building built in 1903, became a centerpiece of the Franconia College campus. The building, along with a nearby carriage house, were converted into sixteen condominium residences in 1983; it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
The Dr. Samuel Marshall Orr House, is an historic house located in Anderson, South Carolina.
The Wakefield Public Library serves the town of Wakefield, New Hampshire. It is located at 2699 Wakefield Road in the Wakefield Village, in an architecturally distinguished Colonial Revival building donated to the town by educator and politician Seth Low. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.
The Munro-Hawkins House is a historic house on Vermont Route 7A in southern Shaftsbury, Vermont. Built in 1807, it is a well-preserved example of transitional Georgian-Federal period architecture, designed by local master builder Lavius Fillmore. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.
The Terry-Hayden House is a historic house on Middle Street in Bristol, Connecticut. Built in 1835 and enlarged in 1884, it is a well-preserved example of a Greek Revival house with a four-column temple portico. Now part of a professional office complex called Terry Commons, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
The Wheeler-Beecher House is a historic house at 562 Amity Road in Bethany, Connecticut. Built in 1807, it is a good example of Federal period architecture, designed by New Haven architect David Hoadley. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.
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(help) and Accompanying 11 photos, exterior and interior, from 1989 and undated. (2.23 MB)