Pseudophilautus singu

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Sri Lanka short-horned shrub frog
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Rhacophoridae
Genus: Pseudophilautus
Species:
P. singu
Binomial name
Pseudophilautus singu
(Meegaskumbura, Manamendra-Arachchi, and Pethiyagoda, 2009)
Synonyms [2]

Philautus singuMeegaskumbura, Manamendra-Arachchi, and Pethiyagoda, 2009 [3]

Contents

Pseudophilautus singu is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae, endemic to southwestern Sri Lanka. It is known from the Kanneliya-Dediyagala-Nakiyadeniya, Kitulgala, and Kottawa Forest Reserves and from the Sinharaja World Heritage Site. [1] [2] The specific name singu is Sinhalese for "horn" and refers to the horn-like tubercles on the upper eyelids of this frog. [3] Common name Sri Lanka short-horned shrub frog has been coined for it. [1]

Description

Four adult males in the type series measure 16.1–16.6 mm (0.6–0.7 in) in snout–vent length; females were not reported. The upper eyelid has a prominent tubercle. The snout is obtusely pointed in dorsal view and rounded laterally. The tympanum is distinct and oval; the supra-tympanic fold is distinct. The finger tips have discs with circum-marginal grooves; there is no webbing nor dermal fringes. The toes are webbed and bear discs with circum-marginal grooves. There are scattered tubercles in the head, back, and the flanks; skin on the throat, chest, belly, and ventral sides of thighs is granular. The head and body are dorsally and laterally brown. The inter-orbital area is dark brown, and there is a W-like marking on the middle of the dorsum. The tympanic region is blackish brown. The upper half of the tympanum is dark brown and its lower half is pale yellowish light brown. The lower flanks are yellow with brown pigment. The limbs have three dark-brown crossbars. The lower parts are dark brown with pale yellow patches. [3]

Habitat and conservation

Pseudophilautus singu occurs in lowland and mid-elevation rainforests at 60–513 m (197–1,683 ft) above sea level. [1] Males have been found perched in vegetation some 0.5–1.5 m (2–5 ft) above the ground. [1] [3] The eggs are laid in a depression in the soil; the eggs are later covered by the female. Development is direct, without free-living tadpole stage. [1]

Pseudophilautus singu has a patchy distribution but is common where it is found, [1] except in Kanneliya where only a few specimens were found. [4] It is considered to be a forest-dependent species. Forest reserves are at risk from encroachment by tea growers, and the associated use of biocides and fertilizers represent an additional threat to this species. [1]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Pseudophilautus schmarda</i> Species of frog

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<i>Pseudophilautus stictomerus</i> Species of amphibian

Pseudophilautus stictomerus is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka. It was first described by Albert Günther based on a single individual collected by Colonel Richard Henry Beddome from 'Ceylon'.

<i>Pseudophilautus variabilis</i> Extinct species of amphibian

Pseudophilautus variabilis, also known as the variable bush frog or variable bubble-nest frog, is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. This now extinct species was endemic to Sri Lanka. Despite extensive searches in recent times, it is only known from collections prior to 1858. The reasons for its disappearance are unknown but probably involve habitat loss.

<i>Pseudophilautus viridis</i> Species of amphibian

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<i>Pseudophilautus</i> Genus of amphibians

Pseudophilautus is a genus of shrub frogs in the family Rhacophoridae endemic to the Western Ghats of southwestern India and to Sri Lanka where the majority of the species are found. Many of them are already extinct. On the other, some species believed to be extinct have also been rediscovered.

<i>Pseudophilautus semiruber</i> Species of frog

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<i>Pseudophilautus tanu</i> Species of amphibian

Sri Lanka petite shrub frog,, is a species of frogs in the family Rhacophoridae, endemic to southwestern Sri Lanka. This relatively recently described species is only known from two locations in the Galle District, Beraliya and Kanneliya Forest Reserves. The specific name tanu is Sinhalese for "slender" and refers to the habitus of this frog.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2020). "Pseudophilautus singu". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T187831A156588828. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T187831A156588828.en . Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Pseudophilautus singu (Meegaskumbura, Manamendra-Arachchi, and Pethiyagoda, 2009)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Meegaskumbura, M.; Manamendra-Archchi, M. & Pethiyagoda, R. (2009). "Two new species of shrub frogs (Rhacophoridae: Philautus) from the lowlands of Sri Lanka" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2122: 51–68.
  4. ↑ Bopage, M. M.; Wewalwala, K.; Krvavac, M.; Jovanovic, O.; Safarek, G. & Pushpamal, V. (2011). "Species diversity and threat status of amphibians in the Kanneliya Forest, lowland Sri Lanka". Salamandra. 37: 173–177.
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